Voiced palatal fricative

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

A voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA (crossed-tail j). It is the non-sibilant equivalent of the voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant.

In broad transcription, the symbol for the palatal approximant, Template:Angbr IPA, may be used for the sake of simplicity.

A voiced palatal fricative is an uncommon sound, occurring in only 7 of the 317 languages surveyed by the original UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory DatabaseScript error: No such module "Unsubst".. In Dutch, Kabyle, Margi, Modern Greek, and Scottish Gaelic, the sound occurs phonemically, along with its voiceless counterpart, and in several more, the sound occurs as a result of phonological processes.

To produce this sound, the tip of the tongue is placed against the roof of the mouth behind the upper front teeth; then, while exhaling, the space between the tongue and the palate is narrowed, creating a friction-like sound similar to the Template:Angbr sound (IPA: Script error: No such module "IPA".) in the English word Script error: No such module "Lang"..

Features

Features of a voiced palatal fricative:

Template:Fricative Template:Palatal Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Median articulation Template:Pulmonic

Occurrence

Palatal

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Asturian Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to destroy'
Burmese Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA"., particularly word initially.
Catalan Majorcan[1] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'fig tree' Occurs in complementary distribution with Template:IPAblink. Corresponds to Template:IPAblink in other varieties. See Catalan phonology
Danish Standard[2] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'tallow' Possible word-final allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". when it occurs after Script error: No such module "IPA"..[2] See Danish phonology
Dutch Standard[3] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'yes' Frequent allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA"., especially in emphatic speech.[3] See Dutch phonology
German Standard[4][5] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'jacket' Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA; also described as an approximant Template:IPAblink[6][7] and a sound variable between a fricative and an approximant.[8] See Standard German phonology
Greek Standard Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'hi'
Cypriot[9] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'olive' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA".
Hungarian[10] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'throw in' An allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Hungarian phonology
Irish[11] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'the sun' See Irish phonology
Italian Southern dialects Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'son' Corresponds to Script error: No such module "IPA". in standard Italian. See Italian phonology
Kabyle Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to slip'
Korean Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'Siberian musk deer' The sound is sometimes heard by people when /h/ is between voiced and combined with /i/, /t/ and /j/, See Korean phonology
Lithuanian[12][13] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'she' Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA; also described as an approximant Template:IPAblink.[14] See Lithuanian phonology
Margi[15] Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Contrasts /ɟ, ᶮɟ, ç, ʝ, j, j̰, ɣ/.
Mapudungun[16] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'six' This phoneme corresponds to the letter Y in Mapudungün. See Mapuche language
Norwegian Urban East[17][18] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to give' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA"., especially before and after close vowels and in energetic speech.[18] See Norwegian phonology
Pashto Ghilji dialect[19] موږ Script error: No such module "IPA". 'we'
Wardak dialect[19]
Ripuarian Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to show'
Russian[20] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'pit' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". in emphatic speech.[20] See Russian phonology
Scottish Gaelic[21] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'of them' Weak fricative; merges with Template:IPAblink in some dialects. See Scottish Gaelic phonology
Spanish[22] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'smock' May also be represented by Template:Angbr in many dialects. See Spanish phonology and Yeísmo
Swedish[23] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'soil' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Swedish phonology
Vietnamese Middle Vietnamese[24] Gió [𩙋] Script error: No such module "IPA". (Tonkinese dialect) 'wind' See Middle Vietnamese phonology

Post-palatal

Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

There is also a voiced post-palatal or pre-velar fricative in some languages, which is articulated slightly more back compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical voiced palatal fricative but not as back as the prototypical voiced velar fricative. The International Phonetic Alphabet does not have a separate symbol for that sound, but it can be transcribed as Template:Angbr IPA, Template:Angbr IPA (a retracted Template:Angbr IPA), Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA (an advanced Template:Angbr IPA).

Especially in broad transcription, a voiced post-palatal fricative may be transcribed as a palatalized voiced velar fricative, Template:Angbr IPA.

Template:Fricative Template:Post-palatal Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Median articulation Template:Pulmonic

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Belarusian Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'geography' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Belarusian phonology
Dutch Standard Belgian[25] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'nine' Often (partially) devoiced.[26] May be velar Template:IPAblink instead, even near non-front vowels.[25] See Dutch phonology
Southern accents[25]
German Standard[27] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'giant' Allophone of the fricative Script error: No such module "IPA". before and after front vowels.[27] See Standard German phonology
Greek Standard Modern[28][29] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'grammatical gender' See Modern Greek phonology
Limburgish Weert dialect[30] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'gladly' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before and after front vowels.[30] See Weert dialect phonology
Lithuanian[14][31] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'Houston' Very rare;[32] typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Lithuanian phonology
Russian Standard[20] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'of other anthems' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before voiced soft consonants;[20] typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. The example also illustrates Template:IPAblink. See Russian phonology
Southern Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'anthem' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA; corresponds to Template:IPAblink in standard Russian. See Russian phonology
Scottish Gaelic[33] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'yes, indeed' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". after Script error: No such module "IPA".

Variable

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Mapudungun[34] Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before the front vowels Script error: No such module "IPA"..[34]

See also

Notes

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  24. ↑ See Vietnamese alphabet#Consonants ⟨gi⟩
  25. ↑ a b c Template:Harvcoltxt
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References

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External links

Template:IPA navigation

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