Voiced labial–velar approximant

A voiced labial–velar approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in certain spoken languages, including English. It is the sound denoted by the letter Template:Angbr in the English alphabet; likewise, the symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA, or rarely . In most languages it is the semivocalic counterpart of a close back rounded vowel . In inventory charts of languages with other labialized velar consonants, will be placed in the same column as those consonants. When consonant charts have only labial and velar columns, may be placed in the velar column, labial column, or both. The placement may have more to do with convenience or phonological criteria than with phonetics.Template:Sfnp

For a labialized post-palatal approximant sometimes described as a voiced labial–prevelar approximant, which is more fronted in the place of articulation than a prototypical labial–velar approximant, see Template:Slink.

Features

Features of a voiced labial–velar approximant:

Template:Approximant The type of approximant is glide or semivowel. The term glide emphasizes the characteristic of movement (or 'glide') of from the vowel position to a following vowel position. The term semivowel emphasizes that, although the sound is vocalic in nature, it is not 'syllabic' (it does not form the nucleus of a syllable). Template:Labiovelar Some languages, such as Japanese and perhaps the Northern Iroquoian languages, have a sound typically transcribed as where the lips are compressed (or at least not rounded), which is a true labial–velar (as opposed to labialized velar) consonant. Close transcriptions may avoid the symbol in such cases, or may use the under-rounding diacritic, . Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Median articulation Template:Pulmonic

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abkhaz		ауаҩы /		'human'	See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe		/		'you (singular)'	See Adyghe phonology
Alemannic	Bernese			'boy'	Allophone of Template:IPAblink
Arabic	Modern StandardTemplate:Sfnp	/		'rose'	See Arabic phonology
Assamese		/		'Washington'
Basque				'four'
Belarusian		/	Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'wolf'	See Belarusian phonology
Bengali		/		'promise'	Fortitional allophone of the semivowels Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink, especially in loan words. See Bengali phonology
Berber		/		'speech'
Breton				'nine'
Bulgarian	Colloquial	/		'shovel'	Contemporary pronunciation of Template:IPAslink, an ongoing sound change. See Bulgarian phonology.
	Pernik dialects				This dialect has a long-standing tradition of pronouncing as , similar to the Polish language. Independent of the similar sound change happening in the standard language.
	Standard Bulgarian	/		'whiskey'	Appears in borrowings. See Bulgarian phonology
Burmese		/		'belief'
CatalanTemplate:Sfnp				'fourth'	Post-lexically after and . See Catalan phonology
Chinese	Cantonese	/	Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'dig'	See Cantonese phonology
	Mandarin	/	Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler		See Mandarin phonology
Danish				'ocean'	Allophone of Template:IPAblink
Dutch	Colloquial			'cold'	Lenited allophone of after . Corresponds to in the standard language (cf. ). See Dutch phonology
	Standard Surinamese			'cub'	May also occur in this context in some continental Dutch accents and/or dialects. Corresponds to Template:IPAblink in most of the Netherlands and to Template:IPAblink in Belgium and (southern) parts of the Netherlands. See Dutch phonology
English				'weep'	See English phonology
FrenchTemplate:Sfnp			Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'yes'	See French phonology
German				'source'	Some regions
HawaiianTemplate:Sfnp				'fast'	May also be realized as . See Hawaiian phonology
Hebrew	Mizrahi	/		'power'	See Modern Hebrew phonology
HindustaniTemplate:Sfnp	Hindi	/		'belief'	Allophone of . See Hindustani phonology
	Urdu	/
Irish				'vote'	See Irish phonology
ItalianTemplate:Sfnp				'man'	See Italian phonology
Kabardian		/	Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'you (singular)'
Karakalpak		/		'birth'
Kazakh		/		'air'
Korean		/		'heron'	See Korean phonology
Kyrgyz		/		'air'	Lenited allophone of . See Kyrgyz phonology
Lao		/		'sweet'	See Lao phonology
LuxembourgishTemplate:Sfnp				'two'	Allophone of after .Template:Sfnp See Luxembourgish phonology
Malay				'money'
Malayalam		/		'yes'	around rounded vowels for some speakers.
Mayan	Yucatec			'mountain'
Mongolian		/ /		'skull'
Nepali		/		'wind'	See Nepali phonology
OdiaTemplate:Sfnp		/		'Agrawal'
Pashto		/		'one time'
Persian	Dari	/		'sport'	May approach Template:IPAslink in some regional dialects.
	Farsi	/		'new'	Only in a diphthong or colloquially.
PolishTemplate:Sfnp			Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'grace'	See Polish phonology. Corresponds to in older pronunciation and eastern dialects.
PortugueseTemplate:Sfnp	Most dialects			'when'	Post-lexically after Template:IPAslink and Template:IPAslink. See Portuguese phonology
				'good' (f.)	Epenthetic glide or allophone of Template:IPAslink, following a stressed rounded vowel and preceding an unrounded one.Template:Sfnp
	General Brazilian			'which'	Allophone of Template:IPAslink in coda position for most Brazilian dialects.Template:Sfnp
Romanian			Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'mastiff'	See Romanian phonology
Russian		/		'wolf'	Southern dialects.
Serbo-Croatian	CroatianTemplate:Sfnp			'wolf'	Allophone of before .Template:Sfnp See Serbo-Croatian phonology
SloveneTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp				'church'	Allophone of in the syllable coda.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Voiceless Template:IPAblink before voiceless consonants. See Slovene phonology
Sotho				'epidemic'	See Sesotho phonology
Svan		/		'marten'
SpanishTemplate:Sfnp	Standard			'as much'	May also be fricative Template:IPAblink. Corresponds to [ɣ̞ʷ] intervocalically and [ɡʷ] in onset or after nasal. See Spanish phonology
	Some dialect			'Nahuatl'
Swahili				'student'
Swedish	Central StandardTemplate:Sfnp				Labialized approximant consonant; allophone of in casual speech before the protruded vowels . See Swedish phonology
Tagalog				'day'	See Tagalog phonology
Thai		/		'ring'	See Thai phonology
Toki Pona		wile		'to want'
VietnameseTemplate:Sfnp	Standard			'to delegate'	See Vietnamese phonology
	Southern			'hometown'
Ukrainian		/	Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'love'	See Ukrainian phonology
Welsh				'woe'	See Welsh phonology
West Frisian				'to shove'

Nasal

A nasalized voiced labial–velar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is typically Template:Angbr IPA (a nasalized Template:Angbr IPA), though for preciseness Template:Angbr IPA (a nasalized and labialized Template:Angbr IPA) may also be seen.

Features

Features of a nasal labial–velar approximant:

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Guaraní	Paraguayan			'in Guarani'	Allophone of Template:IPAslink in the digraph Template:Angbr, nasalized due to vowel-consonant harmony.
Kaingang				'to see'	Possible word-initial realization of Template:IPAslink before a nasal vowel.
Polish				'they are'	See Polish phonology
Portuguese	Most dialects			'saint', 'they are'	Allophone of after nasal vowels. See Portuguese phonology
	Some dialects			'smuggling', 'jobbery', 'stash'	Non-syllabic allophone of Template:IPAslink between nasal sounds.
Marathi		/		'doubt'	Anuswara (ṁ) preceding र (r), व (v), श (ś), ष (ṣ), स (s), ह (h) or ज्ञ (jñ/dnya) is rendered as 'w̃'.
Seri				'person'	Allophone of Template:IPAslink.
Shipibo				'parrot'	Allophone of after nasal vowels.
Telugu		/		'acid'	Common colloquial pronunciation of intervocalic and final m. May also be a .
Uwa				'yellow'
Yoruba				'they'	Allophone of before nasal vowels.

See also

• Voiceless labial–velar approximant
• Voiced bilabial approximant
• Voiced bilabial flap

External links

• Template:Phoible
• Template:Phoible