House Democratic Caucus

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates

Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:United States House of Representatives The House Democratic Caucus is a congressional caucus composed of all Democratic representatives in the United States House of Representatives, voting and non-voting,[1] and is responsible for nominating and electing the Democratic Party leadership in the chamber. In its roles as a party conference, the caucus writes and enforces rules of conduct and discipline for its members, approves committee assignments, and serves as the primary forum for development of party policy and legislative priorities. It hosts weekly meetings for these purposes and to communicate the party's message to members.

When the caucus holds the majority of seats, it is usually led by the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives who is assisted on the floor by the House majority leader and the party's chief whip. When in the minority, it is led by the House minority leader, assisted by the chief whip. The caucus has a Caucus chairman and Caucus vice-chair (formerly called the secretary). For the 119th Congress, Hakeem Jeffries was elected as the minority leader, Katherine Clark became the minority whip and Pete Aguilar was chosen as the Caucus chairman.

Current hierarchy

Effective with the start of the 119th Congress, the chain of command conference leadership is as follows (from highest to lowest):

Leadership history

The House Democratic Caucus, through its institutional antecedent, the Democratic-Republican caucus, was established on April 2, 1796, to stop a treaty with Great Britain which unfairly treated American sailors. For many years, through 1820, it nominated presidential candidates (before the era of national nominating conventions).

Since 2023, the House Democratic leader has been Rep. Hakeem Jeffries of New York (the first African-American congressional party leader in U.S. history).[2] He was elected to succeed longtime Democratic leader and the first woman speaker of the House in U.S. history Nancy Pelosi.

At the Organizational Meeting on November 18, 2008, of the Democratic Caucus for the 111th Congress, Representative John B. Larson (D-Connecticut) was elected Caucus chairman by acclamation. The election was presided over by the outgoing chairman of the Democratic Caucus for the 110th Congress, former representative Rahm Emanuel (D-Illinois). Rep. Larson officially assumed the position of chairman on the first day of the 111th Congress, January 3, 2009.

After his election as chairman at the Organizational Meeting on November 18, Chairman Larson presided over the election of Rep. Xavier Becerra (D-California), who defeated Representative Marcy Kaptur of Ohio by a vote count of 175 to 67. Rep. Becerra likewise assumed his vice-chairmanship on January 3.

Leaders of the House Democratic Caucus

Congress Leader District Took office Left office House Speaker
20th File:SpeakerStevenson.png Andrew Stevenson
(1784–1857)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Virginia 9 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1827–1834Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
21st
22nd
23rd Virginia 11
23rd File:John Bell.jpg John Bell
(1796–1869)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 7 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1834–1835Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
24th File:James Knox Polk by GPA Healy, 1858.jpg James K. Polk
(1795–1849)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 9 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1835–1839Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
25th style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |  
26th UnknownTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Hunter 1839–1841Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
27th UnknownTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   White 1841–1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
28th File:JohnWinstonJones.jpg John Winston Jones
(1791–1848)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Virginia 6 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1843–1845Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
29th File:John Wesley Davis.jpg John Wesley Davis
(1799–1859)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Indiana 6 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1845–1847Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
30th UnknownTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Winthrop 1847–1849Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
31st File:Cobb, Howell2.jpg Howell Cobb
(1815–1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Georgia 6 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1849–1851Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
32nd File:LinnBoyd.jpg Linn Boyd
(1800–1859)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Kentucky 1 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1851–1855Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
33rd
34th File:Hon. Jones - NARA - 528402 (3x4a).jpg George Washington Jones
(1806–1884)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 6 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Banks 1856–1857Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
35th File:James Lawrence Orr - Brady-Handy.jpg James Lawrence Orr
(1822–1873)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		South Carolina 5 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1857–1859Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
36th File:George S. Houston - Brady-Handy.jpg George S. Houston
(1811–1879)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Alabama 5 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Pennington 1860–1861Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
37th UnknownTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Grow 1861–1863Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
38th UnknownTemplate:Efn rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Colfax 1863–1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
39th UnknownTemplate:Efn
40th UnknownTemplate:Efn
40th style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Pomeroy 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
41st File:Samuel J. Randall Brady-Handy.tif Samuel J. Randall
(1828–1890)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Pennsylvania 1 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Blaine 1869–1875Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:William E. Niblack, Representative from Indiana, Thirty-fifth Congress, half-length portrait LCCN2010649380 (1).jpg William E. Niblack
(1822–1893)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Indiana 1
42nd UnknownTemplate:Efn
43rd File:William E. Niblack, Representative from Indiana, Thirty-fifth Congress, half-length portrait LCCN2010649380 (1).jpg William E. Niblack
(1822–1893)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Indiana 1 Template:Dts Template:Dts
44th File:Michael C. Kerr - Brady-Handy (1).jpg Michael C. Kerr
(1827–1876)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Indiana 3 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1875–1876Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
44th File:Samuel J. Randall Brady-Handy.tif Samuel J. Randall
(1828–1890)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Pennsylvania 3 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1876–1881Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
45th
46th
47th UnknownTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Keifer 1881–1883Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
48th File:John Griffin Carlisle, Brady-Handy photo portrait, ca1870-1880.jpg John G. Carlisle
(1834–1910)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Kentucky 6 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1883–1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
49th
50th
51st File:WSHolman.jpg William S. Holman
(1822–1897)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Indiana 4 Template:Dts Template:Dts style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Reed 1889–1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
52nd File:CharlesFrederickCrisp.jpg Charles Frederick Crisp
(1845–1896)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Georgia 3 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1891–1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
53rd
54th File:D.B. Culberson.jpg David B. Culberson
(1830–1900)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Texas 4 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Reed 1895–1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
55th File:James D Richardson.jpg James D. Richardson
(1843–1914)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 5 Template:Dts Template:Dts
56th rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Henderson 1899–1903Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
57th
58th File:John Sharp Williams 1923.jpg John Sharp Williams
(1854–1932)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Mississippi 8 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Cannon 1903–1911Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
59th
60th
61st File:James Beauchamp Clark.jpg Champ Clark
(1850–1921)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Missouri 9 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
62nd rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1911–1919Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
63rd
64th
65th
66th rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Gillett 1919–1925Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
67th File:Claude Kitchin.jpg Claude Kitchin
(1869–1923)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		North Carolina 2 Template:Dts Template:Dts
68th File:Finis J. Garrett (Tennessee Congressman).jpg Finis J. Garrett
(1875–1956)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 9 Template:Dts Template:Dts
69th rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Longworth 1925–1931Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
70th
71st File:John n garner.jpg John Nance Garner
(1868–1967)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Texas 15 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
72nd style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1931–1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
73rd File:SpeakerRainey.png Henry Thomas Rainey
(1860–1934)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Illinois 20 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1933–1934Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
74th File:Joseph Byrns.jpg Jo Byrns
(1869–1936)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Tennessee 5 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1935–1936Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
74th File:SpeakerBankhead.png William B. Bankhead
(1874–1940)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Alabama 7 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1936–1940Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
75th
76th
76th File:Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn.jpg Sam Rayburn
(1882–1961)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Texas 4 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1940–1947Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
77th
78th
79th
80th style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Martin 1947–1949Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
81st rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1949–1953Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
82nd
83rd style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Martin 1953–1955Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
84th rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1955–1961Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
85th
86th
87th
87th File:Speaker John McCormack.jpg John W. McCormack
(1891–1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Massachusetts 12 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="5" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1962–1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
88th Massachusetts 9
89th
90th
91st
92nd File:Speaker Albert - portrait.jpg Carl Albert
(1908–2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Oklahoma 3 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1971–1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
93rd
94th
95th File:SpeakerO'Neill.jpg Tip O'Neill
(1912–1994)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Massachusetts 8 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="5" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1977–1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th File:SpeakerWright.jpg Jim Wright
(1922–2015)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Texas 12 Template:Dts Template:DtsTemplate:Efn rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1987–1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
101st
101st File:SpeakerFoley.jpg Tom Foley
(1929–2013)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Washington 5 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Himself 1989–1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
102nd
103rd
104th File:Dick Gephardt portrait.jpg Dick Gephardt
(born 1941)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Missouri 3 Template:Dts Template:Dts rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Gingrich 1995–1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
105th
106th rowspan="4" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Hastert 1999–2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
107th
108th File:Nancy Pelosi Official Painting.jpg Nancy Pelosi
(born 1940)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		California 8 Template:Dts Template:Dts
109th
110th rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Herself 2007–2011Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
111th
112th rowspan="3" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Boehner 2011–2015Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
113th California 12
114th
rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Ryan 2015–2019Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
115th
116th rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Herself 2019–2023Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
117th
118th File:Rep-Hakeem-Jeffries-Official-Portrait.jpg Hakeem Jeffries
(born 1970)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		New York 8 Template:Dts Incumbent style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   McCarthy 2023Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   McHenryTemplate:Efn 2023Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" style="background-color:Template:Party color;" |   Johnson 2023–presentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
119th

Notes

Template:Notelist

List of chairsScript error: No such module "anchor".

Chairs are currently limited to two consecutive terms.

Officeholder State Congress Term
James Thompson Pennsylvania 31st 1849–1851
N/A[3] 32nd 1851–1853
Edson B. Olds Ohio 33rd 1853–1855
George Washington Jones Tennessee 34th 1855–1857
N/A[4] 35th 1857–1859
George S. Houston Alabama 36th 1859–1861
N/A[5] 37th–40th 1861–1869
William E. Niblack,
Samuel J. Randall[6] 		Indiana,
Pennsylvania 		41st 1869–1871
N/A[7] 42nd 1871–1873
William E. Niblack Indiana 43rd 1873–1875
Lucius Q.C. Lamar Mississippi 44th 1875–1877
Hiester Clymer Pennsylvania 45th 1877–1879
John F. House Tennessee 46th 1879–1881
N/A[8] 47th 1881–1883
George W. Geddes Ohio 48th 1883–1885
J. Randolph Tucker Virginia 49th 1885–1887
Samuel S. Cox[9] New York 50th 1887–1889
William S. Holman Indiana 51st–53rd 1889–1895
David B. Culberson Texas 54th 1895–1897
James D. Richardson Tennessee 55th 1897–1899
James Hay Virginia 56th–58th 1899–1905
Robert L. Henry Texas 59th 1905–1907
Henry D. Clayton[10] Alabama 60th–61st 1907–1911
Albert S. Burleson Texas 62nd 1911–1913
A. Mitchell Palmer Pennsylvania 63rd 1913–1915
Edward W. Saunders Virginia 64th–65th 1915–1919
Arthur G. DeWalt Pennsylvania 66th 1919–1921
Sam Rayburn Texas 67th 1921–1923
Henry T. Rainey Illinois 68th 1923–1925
Charles D. Carter Oklahoma 69th 1925–1927
Arthur H. Greenwood Indiana 70th 1927–1929
David H. Kincheloe Kentucky 71st 1929–1930[11]
William W. Arnold Illinois 72nd 1931–1933
Clarence F. Lea California 73rd 1933–1935
Edward T. Taylor Colorado 74th 1935–1937
Robert L. Doughton North Carolina 75th 1937–1939
John W. McCormack Massachusetts 76th 1939–1940[12]
Richard M. Duncan Missouri 77th 1941–1943
Harry R. Sheppard California 78th 1943–1945
Jere Cooper Tennessee 79th 1945–1947
Aime J. Forand Rhode Island 80th 1947–1949
Francis E. Walter Pennsylvania 81st 1949–1951
Jere Cooper Tennessee 82nd 1951–1953
Wilbur D. Mills Arkansas 83rd 1953–1955
John J. Rooney New York 84th 1955–1957
Melvin Price Illinois 85th–86th 1957–1961
Francis E. Walter[13] Pennsylvania 87th–88th 1961–1963
Albert Thomas Texas 88th 1964–1965
Eugene Keogh New York 89th 1965–1967
Dan Rostenkowski Illinois 90th–91st 1967–1971
Olin Teague Texas 92nd–93rd 1971–1975
Phillip Burton California 94th 1976–1977
Thomas S. Foley Washington 95th–96th 1977–1981
Gillis W. Long Louisiana 97th–98th 1981–1985
Richard A. Gephardt Missouri 99th–100th 1985–1989
William H. Gray III Pennsylvania 101st 1989
Steny H. Hoyer Maryland 101st–103rd 1989–1995[14]
Vic Fazio California 104th–105th 1995–1999
Martin Frost Texas 106th–107th 1999–2003
Bob Menendez New Jersey 108th–109th 2003–2006[15]
James Clyburn South Carolina 109th 2006–2007
Rahm Emanuel Illinois 110th 2007–2009
John B. Larson Connecticut 111th–112th 2009–2013
Xavier Becerra California 113th–114th 2013–2017
Joe Crowley New York 115th 2017–2019
Hakeem Jeffries New York 116th–117th 2019–2023[16]
Pete Aguilar California 118th–119th 2023–present

List of vice-chairs

The vice-chair of the Democratic Caucus ranks just below the Chair of the House Democratic Caucus. In addition to other duties, the vice-chair has a seat on the Steering and Policy Committee.[17]

List of secretaries

The office of secretary of the Democratic Caucus preceded the office of vice-chair. Until its elimination in 1987, the office of secretary was reserved for a female member of the House.[20]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ No clear records remain for this Congress.
  4. ↑ No clear records remain for this Congress.
  5. ↑ No clear records remain for these Congresses.
  6. ↑ Caucus records show Representative Niblack and Representative Randall as both having served as chairman during the Congress, but no dates of service were specified.
  7. ↑ Representative Fernando Wood of New York nominated the Democratic leadership slate in the House, but there is no other evidence to show he was elected caucus chairman.
  8. ↑ Available data show that Representative John F. House nominated Samuel J. Randall as the Democratic candidate for Speaker, the traditional role of the caucus chairman. Later data show W.S. Rosecrans issuing the next call for a Democratic Caucus meeting, but there is no evidence to suggest that Rosecrans was actually elected caucus chairman.
  9. ↑ Former Parliamentarian Clarence Cannon's notes state "Cox died during this Congress and [Representative James B.] McCreary evidently succeeded or acted for him." However, Representative Cox died on September 10, 1889, six months after the sine die adjournment of the 50th Congress and the convening of the 51st Congress.
  10. ↑ Caucus records are contradictory for this period. They show the election of Representative James Hay as chairman on January 19, 1911, but do not mention a resignation by incumbent chairman Clayton, nor do they specify that Hay was elected chairman for the new Congress. Later, they show the election of Representative Albert S. Burleson on April 11, 1911.
  11. ↑ Resigned from the House, October 5, 1930; there is no record of an election to fill the vacancy as caucus chair.
  12. ↑ Resigned following election as majority (floor) leader, September 16, 1940; records do not indicate that a successor was chosen during the remainder of the Congress.
  13. ↑ Died in office, May 31, 1963. Caucus chairman post vacant until January 21, 1964.
  14. ↑ Representative Hoyer was elected Caucus Chairman on June 21, 1989, following the June 14, 1989, election of Representative William (Bill) H. Gray III as Majority Whip.
  15. ↑ On January 16, 2006, Representative Menendez resigned from the House after he was appointed to the Senate.
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Congressional Women: On the Secretary position

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External links

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