Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative

The voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA ("c", plus the curl also found in its voiced counterpart Template:IPAalink). It is the sibilant equivalent of the voiceless palatal fricative, and as such it can be transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

File:Alveolopalatal fricative.svg

alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives

Features of the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative:

In English

In British Received Pronunciation, after syllable-initial (as in Tuesday) is realized as a devoiced palatal fricative. The amount of devoicing is variable, but the fully voiceless variant tends to be alveolo-palatal in the sequence: {{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "En-uk-Tuesday.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler. It is a fricative, rather than a fricative element of an affricate because the preceding plosive remains alveolar, rather than becoming alveolo-palatal, as in Dutch.

The corresponding affricate can be written with Template:Angbr IPA or Template:Angbr IPA in narrow IPA, though Template:Angbr IPA is normally used in both cases. In the case of English, the sequence can be specified as Template:Angbr IPA as is normally apical (although somewhat palatalized in that sequence), whereas alveolo-palatal consonants are laminal by definition.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp

An increasing number of British speakers merge this sequence with the voiceless palato-alveolar affricate : (see yod-coalescence), mirroring Cockney, Australian English and New Zealand English. On the other hand, there is an opposite tendency in Canadian accents that have preserved , where the sequence tends to merge with the plain instead: {{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "En-us-Tuesday.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler (see yod-dropping), mirroring General American which does not allow to follow alveolar consonants in stressed syllables.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Adyghe		/šə/شہ‍	{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Sheaaa33.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'three'
Assamese		/British		'British'
Bengali				'Vulture'	May be transliterated as Template:IPA link
Burmese				'cut superficially'
Catalan				'box'	See Catalan phonology
Chinese	Some Hokkien dialects	/		'heart'	Allophone of before .
	Mandarin	/	{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Zh-Xi'an.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'Xi'an'	Complementary distribution allophone of in front of high front vowels and palatal glides. See Mandarin phonology.
Chuvash		/şişĕm		'lightning'	Contrasts with and . Lenis when intervocalic.
Danish				'soul'	See Danish phonology
Dutch	Some speakers			'template'	May be [[[:Template:IPA link]]] or instead. See Dutch phonology
English	CardiffTemplate:Sfnp	human		'human'	Phonetic realization of . More front and more strongly fricated than RP Template:IPAblink. Broad varieties drop the : .Template:Sfnp See English phonology
	Conservative Received Pronunciation	tuesday		'Tuesday'	Allophone of after syllable-initial (which is alveolar in this sequence), may be only partially devoiced. is often realized as an affricate Template:IPAblink in British English. Mute in General American: {{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "En-us-Tuesday.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler.Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Typically transcribed with Template:Angbr IPA in broad IPA. See English phonology, yod-coalescence and yod-dropping
	Some Canadian English
	Ghanaian	ship		'ship'	Educated speakers may use Template:IPAblink, to which this phone corresponds in other dialects.
	Some Speakers	sure	[ɕɔː]	'sure'
Guarani	Paraguayan			'I'
Hindi				Saturday	Sometimes may be transliterated as 'ʃ'. See Hindi Phonology.
Japanese		/		'salt'	See Japanese phonology
Karen	Eastern Pwo			'star'
	Western Pwo			'star'
Korean	South	/	[ɕʰi]	'poem'	See Korean phonology.
Kabardian		/ščè/صە	{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Sha.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'hundred'
Lower SorbianTemplate:Sfnp				'friend'
LuxembourgishTemplate:Sfnp				'light'	Allophone of after phonologically front vowels; some speakers merge it with Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Luxembourgish phonology
Marathi		शेतकरी/shetkari	[ɕeːt̪kəɾiː]	'farmer'	Contrasts with [ʂ]. Allophone of [ʃ]. See Marathi phonology.
Malayalam		കുരിശ്/kuriś		'Cross'	See Malayalam phonology
Norwegian	Urban EastTemplate:Sfnp			'handsome'	Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA; less often realized as palatal Template:IPAblink. Younger speakers in Bergen, Stavanger and Oslo merge it with Template:IPAslink.Template:Sfnp See Norwegian phonology
Polish			{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Pl-śruba.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'screw'	Contrasts with and . See Polish phonology
Romani	Kalderash			'Romani boy; son'	Realized as Template:IPAblink in conservative dialects.
Romanian	Transylvanian dialectsTemplate:Sfnp			'what'	Realized as Template:IPAblink in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology
Russian		/schast'e	{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Ru-счастье.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'happiness'	Also represented by Template:Angbr. Contrasts with , , and . See Russian phonology
Sema				'meat'	Possible allophone of before .
Serbo-Croatian	Croatian			'the mouse will'	Allophone of before . See Serbo-Croatian phonology
	Some speakers of Montenegrin	/		'tomorrow'	Phonemically or, in some cases, .
Swedish	Finland			'chunk'	Allophone of Template:IPAslink.
	Sweden		{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "sv-kjol.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'skirt'	See Swedish phonology
Tibetan	Lhasa dialect	/bzhi		'four'	Contrasts with .
Tatar		/өçpoçmaq		'triangle'
Uzbek		Template:Example needed
Xumi	LowerTemplate:Sfnp			'one hundred'
	UpperTemplate:Sfnp
Yámana (Yahgan)		Šúša		'penguin'
Yi		/		'thread'
Zhuang				'ten'

See also

• Index of phonetics articles
• Voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant

Sources

• Template:Dead link

External links

• Template:Phoible