List of mammals of Metropolitan France
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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 120 mammal species occurring in Metropolitan France. One of them is critically endangered, two are endangered, thirteen are vulnerable, and four are near threatened. One of the species listed for France is considered to be extinct.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red Lists published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
| EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
| EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
| CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
| EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
| LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
| DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to Script error: No such module "convert"..
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Genus: Castor
- Eurasian beaver, C. fiber Template:IUCN status[1]
- North American beaver, C. canadensis Template:IUCN status introduced, extirpated[2]
- Genus: Castor
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Template:IUCN status[3]
- Genus: Sciurus
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Genus: Marmota
- Alpine marmot, M. marmota Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Marmota
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Eliomys
- Garden dormouse, E. quercinus Template:IUCN status[4]
- Genus: Muscardinus
- Hazel dormouse, M. avellanarius Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Eliomys
- Subfamily: Glirinae
- Genus: Glis
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Genus: Cricetus
- European hamster, C. cricetus Template:IUCN status[5]
- Genus: Cricetus
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Arvicola
- European water vole, A. amphibius Template:IUCN status[6]
- Southwestern water vole, A. sapidus Template:IUCN status[7]
- Genus: Chionomys
- Snow vole, C. nivalis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Clethrionomys
- Bank vole, C. glareolus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Microtus
- Field vole, M. agrestis Template:IUCN status
- Common vole, M. arvalis Template:IUCN status
- Cabrera's vole, M. cabrerae Template:IUCN status[8]
- Mediterranean pine vole, M. duodecimcostatus Template:IUCN status
- Gerbe's vole, M. gerbei Template:IUCN status
- Lusitanian pine vole, M. lusitanicus Template:IUCN status
- Alpine pine vole, M. multiplex Template:IUCN status
- Savi's pine vole, M. savii Template:IUCN status
- European pine vole, M. subterraneus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Arvicola
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Mus
- House mouse, M. musculus Template:IUCN status[9]
- Algerian mouse, M. spretus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Apodemus
- Alpine field mouse, A. alpicola Template:IUCN status
- Yellow-necked mouse, A. flavicollis Template:IUCN status
- Wood mouse, A. sylvaticus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Micromys
- Eurasian harvest mouse, M. minutus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Rattus
- Brown rat, R. norvegicus Template:IUCN status introduced
- Black rat, R. rattus Template:IUCN status introduced[10]
- Genus: Mus
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- Corsican hare, L. corsicanus Template:IUCN status
- European hare, L. europaeus Template:IUCN status[11]
- Mountain hare, L. timidus Template:IUCN status[12]
- Genus: Oryctolagus
- European rabbit, O. cuniculus Template:IUCN status[13]
- Genus: Lepus
- Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Genus: Prolagus
- Sardinian pika, P. sardus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Prolagus
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Atelerix
- North African hedgehog, A. algirus Template:IUCN status extirpated[14]
- Genus: Erinaceus
- West European hedgehog, E. europaeus Template:IUCN status[15]
- Genus: Atelerix
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Template:IUCN status
- Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula Template:IUCN status
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Template:IUCN status[16]
- Genus: Suncus
- Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Southern water shrew, N. anomalus Template:IUCN status
- Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Alpine shrew, S. alpinus Template:IUCN status
- Common shrew, S. araneus Template:IUCN status
- Crowned shrew, S. coronatus Template:IUCN status
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Desmanini
- Genus: Galemys
- Pyrenean desman, G. pyrenaicus Template:IUCN status[17]
- Genus: Galemys
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa
- Mediterranean mole, T. caeca Template:IUCN status
- European mole, T. europaea Template:IUCN status
- Roman mole, T. romana Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Talpa
- Tribe: Desmanini
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
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The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Template:IUCN status[18]
- Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Template:IUCN status[19]
- Brandt's bat, M. brandti Template:IUCN status[20]
- Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Template:IUCN status[21]
- Cryptic myotis, M. crypticus
- Pond bat, M. dasycneme Template:IUCN status[22]
- Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Template:IUCN status[23]
- Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Template:IUCN status[24]
- Escalera's bat, M. escalerai Template:IUCN status[25]
- Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Template:IUCN status[26]
- Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Template:IUCN status[27]
- Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Template:IUCN status[28]
- Genus: Myotis
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Template:IUCN status[29]
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Northern bat, E. nilssoni Template:IUCN status
- Serotine bat, E. serotinus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Hypsugo
- Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii Template:IUCN status[30]
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Template:IUCN status[31]
- Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Template:IUCN status[32]
- Common noctule, N. noctula Template:IUCN status[33]
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii Template:IUCN status
- Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Template:IUCN status[34]
- Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Plecotus
- Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus Template:IUCN status[35]
- Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus Template:IUCN status[36]
- Genus: Vespertilio
- Parti-coloured bat, V. murinus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Barbastella
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Template:IUCN status[37]
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Template:IUCN status[38]
- Genus: Tadarida
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Template:IUCN status[39]
- Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Template:IUCN status[40]
- Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Template:IUCN status[41]
- Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi Template:IUCN status[42]
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
- Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
- Genus: Balaena
- Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus LC vagrant[43][44][45]
- Genus: Eubalaena
- North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis CR or functionally extinct in European waters
- Genus: Balaena
- Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
- Subfamily: Megapterinae
- Genus: Megaptera
- Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC
- Genus: Megaptera
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
- Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata NT
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Subfamily: Megapterinae
- Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
- Suborder: Odontoceti
- Family: Kogiidae
- Genus: Kogia
- Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps LC
- Genus: Kogia
- Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
- Genus: Ziphius
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
- Subfamily: Hyperoodontidae
- Genus: Hyperoodon
- Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus DD
- Genus: Mesoplodon
- Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens DD
- True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus DD
- Genus: Hyperoodon
- Genus: Ziphius
- Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
- Genus: Phocoena
- Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena VU
- Genus: Phocoena
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
- Genus: Lagenorhynchus
- White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
- Genus: Leucopleurus
- Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Leucopleurus acutus LC
- Genus: Steno
- Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
- Genus: Tursiops
- Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
- Genus: Stenella
- Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
- Genus: Delphinus
- Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
- Genus: Grampus
- Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
- Genus: Feresa
- Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
- Genus: Pseudorca
- False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LC
- Genus: Globicephala
- Pilot whale, Globicephala melas LC
- Genus: Orcinus
- Genus: Lagenorhynchus
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
- Family: Monodontidae
- Genus: Delphinapterus
- Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas VU
- Genus: Delphinapterus
- Family: Monodontidae
- Family: Kogiidae
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
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There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Felis
- European wildcat, F. silvestris Template:IUCN status[47]
- Genus: Lynx
- Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Template:IUCN status[48]
- Iberian lynx, L. pardinus Template:IUCN status extirpated[49]
- Genus: Felis
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Viverridae
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Genus: Genetta
- Common genet, G. genetta Template:IUCN status introduced[50]
- Genus: Genetta
- Subfamily: Viverrinae
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Canis
- Golden jackal, C. aureus Template:IUCN status vagrant[51]
- Gray wolf, C. lupus[52] Template:IUCN status[53]
- Italian wolf, C. l. italicus
- Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
- Genus: Nyctereutes
- Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides Template:IUCN status introduced[54]
- Genus: Vulpes
- Red fox, V. vulpes Template:IUCN status[55]
- Genus: Canis
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Brown bear, U. arctos Template:IUCN status[56]
- Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
- Brown bear, U. arctos Template:IUCN status[56]
- Genus: Ursus
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter, L. lutra Template:IUCN status[57]
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten, M. foina Template:IUCN status[58]
- European pine marten, M. martes Template:IUCN status[59]
- Genus: Meles
- European badger, M. meles Template:IUCN status[60]
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat, M. erminea Template:IUCN status[61]
- European mink, M. lutreola Template:IUCN status[62]
- Least weasel, M. nivalis Template:IUCN status[63]
- European polecat, M. putorius Template:IUCN status[64]
- Genus: Neogale
- American mink, N. vison Template:IUCN status introduced[65]
- Genus: Lutra
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
- Genus: Erignathus
- Bearded seal, E. barbatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Halichoerus
- Grey seal, H. grypus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Monachus
- Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus Template:IUCN status extirpated[66]
- Genus: Phoca
- Common seal, P. vitulina Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Erignathus
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Red deer, C. elaphus Template:IUCN status[67]
- Genus: Dama
- European fallow deer, D. dama Template:IUCN status[68] introduced
- Genus: Cervus
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
- Genus: Alces
- Eurasian elk, A. alces Template:IUCN status extirpated[69]
- Genus: Capreolus
- Roe deer, C. capreolus Template:IUCN status[70]
- Genus: Alces
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Bovidae
- Genus: Bison
- European bison, B. bonasus Template:IUCN status reintroduced[71]
- Genus: Bison
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Alpine ibex, C. ibex Template:IUCN status reintroduced[72]
- Iberian ibex, C. pyrenaica Template:IUCN status reintroduced[73]
- Pyrenean ibex, C. p. pyrenaica Template:IUCN status
- Western Spanish ibex, C. p. victoriae introduced
- Genus: Rupicapra
- Pyrenean chamois, R. pyrenaica Template:IUCN status[74]
- Chamois, R. rupicapra Template:IUCN status[75]
- Genus: Capra
- Subfamily: Bovidae
- Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Subfamily: Suinae
- Genus: Sus
- Wild boar, S. scrofa Template:IUCN status[76]
- Genus: Sus
- Subfamily: Suinae
See also
- Wildlife of Metropolitan France
- List of chordate orders
- Lists of mammals by region
- Mammal classification
- List of mammals of Guadeloupe
- List of mammals of Martinique
- List of mammals of French Guiana
- List of mammals of French Polynesia
- List of mammals of Réunion
- List of mammals of Mayotte
References
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External links
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