Stenella
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Stenella is a genus of marine mammals in Delphinidae, the family informally known as the oceanic dolphins.[1][2][3]
Species
Currently, five species are recognised in this genus:[2]
| Image | Common name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:PanTropSpDolpor (cropped).jpg | Pantropical spotted dolphin | S. attenuata | Tropical oceans worldwide |
| File:Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) NOAA.jpg | Atlantic spotted dolphin | S. frontalis | Tropical and warm temperate Atlantic Ocean |
| File:A dolphin surfing the waves.jpg | Spinner dolphin | S. longirostris | Tropical oceans worldwide |
| File:Stenella clymene.jpg | Clymene dolphin | S. clymene | Tropical and warm temperate North Atlantic Ocean |
| File:Stenella coeruleoalba Ligurian Sea 02.jpg | Striped dolphin | S. coeruleoalba | Tropical and temperate oceans worldwide, including the Mediterranean |
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S. rayi was a species of this genus found in North Carolina, in the early Pliocene.[4]
The common name for species in this genus is the "spotted dolphins" or the "bridled dolphins".[1][2] They are found in temperate and tropical seas all around the world.[1][2] Individuals of several species begin their lives spotless and become steadily more covered in darker spots as they get older.[1][2]
The genus name comes from the Greek Script error: No such module "Lang". meaning narrow.[1][2] It was coined by John Gray in 1866 when he intended it as a subgenus of Steno.[1] Modern taxonomists recognise two genera.[1][2]
The clymene dolphin (S. clymene) is the only confirmed case of hybrid speciation in marine mammals, descending from the spinner dolphin (S. longirostris) and the striped dolphin (S. coeruleoalba).[5]
Stenella dolphins tend to be more active during nighttime and spend their daytime resting. Although these dolphins are supposed to spend 60% of their daytime resting, they happen to be exposed to human activities for 80% of their day. These patterns of sleep deprivation can have negative impact on their resting habit and leads to decline in their population size.[6]
References
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