List of extinct languages and dialects of Europe

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Template:Short description Template:Missing information Template:Use British English Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Language Endangerment status This article is a list of languages and dialects that have no native speakers, no spoken descendants, and that diverged from their parent language in Europe.

Currently extinct

Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Language/dialect Family Date of extinction Region Ethnic group(s)
Aeolic Greek Indo-European 300 BCScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Aeolis, Boeotia, Lesbos, Thessaly Aeolians
Aequian Indo-European 200s BC[1] East-central Italy Aequi
Akkala Sámi Uralic 29 December 2003[2] Southwest Kola Peninsula Akkala Sámi
Alavese Basque (language isolate)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Álava Alavese Basques
Ancient Belgian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Nordwestblock Belgae
Ancient Macedonian Indo-European 0–300s AD[3] Macedonia Ancient Macedonians
Andalusi Arabic Afroasiatic 1600s AD[4] Al-Andalus Andalusi Muslims
Andalusi Romance Indo-European 1300s AD[5] Al-Andalus Mozarabs and Muladí
Antrim Irish Indo-European 25 February 1983[6] County Antrim Irish
Arcadocypriot Greek Indo-European 300 BCScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Arcadia and Cyprus Arcadocypriot Greeks
Armeno-Kipchak Turkic 1600 AD[7] Crimea Crimean Armenians
Army Slavic German–Czech pidgin 1918 AD[8] Austria-Hungary Austro-Hungarian Army
Arran Gaelic Indo-European 1977 AD[9] Isle of Arran Arran Gaels
Auregnais Indo-European 1960s AD[10] Alderney Channel Islanders of Alderney
Basque–Icelandic pidgin Basque–Icelandic pidgin 1600s AD[11] Westfjords Basque whalers and Icelanders
Bohemian Romani Indo-European 1939–1945[12] Bohemia Bohemian Romani
Borgarmålet Swedish–Sámi pidgin 1700s AD[13] Swedish Sápmi Swedes and Sámi
British Latin Indo-European 700s AD[14] Roman Britain; later Anglo-Saxon England British Romans
Bulgar Turkic 1200s AD[15] Danubian Bulgaria and Volga Bulgaria Bulgars
Buri Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". western Slovakia Buri tribe
Burgundian Indo-European 500s AD[16] Kingdom of the Burgundians Burgundians
Camunic Unclassified 500–0s BC[17] Val Camonica Camunni
Celtiberian Indo-European 100s AD[18] Iberia Celtiberians
Cimmerian Indo-European 620–580s BC[19] North Caucasus Cimmerians
Cisalpine Gaulish Indo-European 50s BC[20] Cisalpine Gaul Cisalpine Gauls
Community of Villages Aragonese Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Kingdom of Aragon Aragonese
Crimean Gothic Indo-European 1700s AD[21] Crimea Crimean Goths
Cromarty Indo-European 2 October 2012[22] Cromarty Scots
Cuman Turkic 1770 AD[23] Cumania and Hungary Cumans
Cumbric Indo-European 1100s AD[24] Cumbria Cumbrians
Curonian Indo-European 1500s AD[25] Courland Curonians
Dacian Indo-European 500s AD[26] Dacia Dacians
Dalmatian Indo-European 10 June 1898[27] Dalmatia Dalmatae
Dardanian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Kingdom of Dardania Dardani
Deeside Gaelic Indo-European 18 March 1984[28] Aberdeenshire Gaels of Aberdeenshire
East Sutherland Gaelic Indo-European 2020[29][30] Sutherland Gaels, Scottish people
Eastern Navarrese Basque (language isolate)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1991[31] Navarre Basques
Ebro Valley Aragonese Indo-European 1600s AD[32] Ebro Valley Aragonese
Eiderstedt Frisian Indo-European mid-1800s AD[33] Eiderstedt Eiderstedt Frisians
Elymian Indo-European 500–0s BC[34] Western Sicily Elymians
Eteocretan Unclassified 200s BC[35] Crete Eteocretans
Eteocypriot Unclassified 300s BC[36] Cyprus Eteocypriots
Etruscan Tyrsenian 0s AD[37] Etruria Etruscans
Faliscan Indo-European 100s BC[38] Northern Lazio Falisci
Fingallian Indo-European 1840–1860sScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Fingal Fingallians
Franco-Italian Indo-European 1300s AD[39] Northern Italy North Italian writers
Gallaecian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Gallaecia Gallaeci
Galwegian Gaelic Indo-European 1760 AD[40] Galloway Galwegian Gaels
Gaulish Indo-European 500s AD[41] Gaul Gauls
Gelonian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Gallaecia Vorskla
Gepidian Indo-European 600s AD[42] Kingdom of the Gepids Gepids
Golyad Indo-European 1100s AD[43] Protva basin Eastern Galindians
Gothic Indo-European 1700s AD[44] Throughout Europe Goths
Harlingerland Frisian Indo-European 1700s AD[45] Harlingerland East Frisians
Hernican Indo-European 1000–0s BC[46] Southeast Latium Hernici
Herulian Indo-European after 500s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Middle Danube Heruli
Hiberno-Latin Indo-European 1100s AD[47] Ireland Irish monks
Hunnic Unclassified 400s AD[48] Hunnic Empire Huns
Iazychie Indo-European 1900s[49] Halychyna, Bukovina, Zakarpattia Ukrainian and Carpatho-Rusyn Moskvophiles
Iberian Unclassified 0–500s AD[50] Iberia Iberians
Illyrian Indo-European 100s AD[51] Illyria Illyrians
Istrian Albanian Indo-European 1800s AD[52] Istria Istrian Albanians
Jassic Indo-European 1400s AD[53] Jászság Jász
Judaeo-Aragonese Indo-European after 1492 ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Aragon Aragonese Jews
Judaeo-Catalan Indo-European after 1492 ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Catalan Countries Catalonian Jews
Judaeo-Piedmontese Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Piedmont Piedmontese Jews
Judaeo-Portuguese Indo-European 1800–1820s AD[54] Portugal Portuguese Jews
Judeo-Livornese Indo-European After August 18, 1962Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Livorno Livornese Jews
Judeo-Mantuan Indo-European 20th centuryScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Mantua Mantuan Jews
Judeo-Provençal Indo-European mid 20th-century[55] Provence Provençal Jews
Judeo-Venetian Indo-European 1900s[56] Venice Venetian Jews
Kainuu Sámi Uralic 1700s AD[57] Kainuu Kainuu Sámi
Karamanli Turkish Turkic 1800sScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Greece, Bulgaria, North Macedonia and Romania Karamanlides
Kemi Sámi Uralic by 1900s[58] Southern Finnish Lapland Kemi Sámi
Khazar Turkic 1100s AD[59] Khazar Khaganate Khazars
Klezmer-loshn Indo-European 1900sScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Eastern Europe Klezmorim
Knaanic Indo-European 1600s AD[60] Central Europe West Slavic Jews
Kraasna Uralic 1935-1939 AD[61] Krasnogorodsk Kraasna Estonians
Krevinian Uralic 1800s AD[62] Latvia Kreevins
Lachoudisch Indo-European 2022 AD[63] Schopfloch Jews of Bavaria
Laiuse Romani Mixed Romani–Estonian 1940s AD[64] Laiuse Romani of Laiuse
Lanuvian Indo-European 500s BCScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Lanuvium Lanuvians
Leinster Irish Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Leinster Irish of Leinster
Leivu Uralic 1988 AD[65] Gauja Gauja Estonians
Lemnian Tyrsenian 400s BC[66] Lemnos Lemnians
Lepontic Indo-European 0s BC[67] Cisalpine Gaul and Raetia Lepontii
Liburnian Indo-European 200s BC-300s AD[68] Liburnia Liburnians
Ligurian Unclassified 100s AD[69] Liguria Ligures
Locrian Greek Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Locris Locrians
Lombardic Indo-European 800s AD[70] Pannonia and Italy Lombards
Ludza Uralic 2006[71] or 2014 Latgale Ludza Estonians
Lusitanian Indo-European 100s AD[72] Lusitania Lusitanians
Malkh Northeast Caucasian Script error: No such module "Unsubst". North Caucasus Malkh
Marsian Indo-European 150s BC[73] Marsica Marsi
Marrucinian Indo-European 200s BC[74] Chieti Marrucini
Merya Uralic by 1700s AD[75] Upper Volga region Meryans
Meshchera Uralic 1500s AD[76] Meshchera Lowlands Meshchera
Messapic Indo-European 100s BC[77] Salento Messapians
Southern Goesharde Frisian Indo-European 1981[78] Southern Goesharde Frisians of South Goesharde
Minoan Unclassified 1450s BC[79] Crete Minoans
Moselle Romance Indo-European 1000s AD[80] The Moselle People along the Moselle
Muromian Uralic 900s AD[81] Oka basin Muromians
Mycenaean Greek Indo-European 1200s BC[82] Mycenaean Greece Mycenaean Greeks
Mysian Indo-European 0s BC[83] Balkans Mysians
Navarrese Romance Indo-European 1600s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Kingdom of Navarre Navarrese
Noric Indo-European 100s AD[84] Noricum Norici
Norn Indo-European 1850 AD[85] Northern Isles and Caithness Norse settlement of Northern Isles and Caithness
North Picene Unclassified 1000–0s BC[86] North Picenum North Picentes
Northern Manx Indo-European 1940s AD[87] Northern part of the Isle of Man Northern Manx
Oenotrian Indo-European 400s BC[88] Southern Italy Oenotrians
Old Novgorod Indo-European 1500s AD[89] Novgorod Republic Novgorodians
Old Prussian Indo-European 1700s AD[90] Prussia Old Prussians
Old Riojan Indo-European 1200s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". La Rioja Riojans
Oscan Indo-European 0s AD[91] Campania and Latium adiectum Osci
Paelignian Indo-European 100s BC[92] Valle Peligna Paeligni
Paeonian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Paeonia Paeonians
Paleo-Corsican Unclassified Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Corsica Ancient Corsi
Paleo-Sardinian Unclassified 100s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Sardinia Nuragic peoples
Pamphylian Greek Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Pamphylia Pamphylians
Pannonian Avar Unclassified 600s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Pannonian Basin Pannonian Avars
Pannonian Romance Indo-European 1100s AD[93] Pannonia Latin Pannonians
Pantellerian Arabic Afroasiatic 1700s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Pantelleria Pantellerians
Pecheneg Turkic 1100s AD[94] Eastern Europe Pechenegs
Pelasgian Unclassified Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Aegean Islands Pelasgians
Phrygian Indo-European after 400 AD[95] Balkans Bryges
Pictish Indo-European 1000s AD[96] Northern Scotland Picts
Polabian Indo-European 3 October 1756 AD[97] Northeastern Germany Polabian Slavs
Pomeranian Baltic Indo-European 1st millenium BC[98] Baltic Pomerania Pomeranian Balts
Praenestinian Indo-European 500s BCScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Palestrina Praenestinians
Prague German Indo-European after 1945Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Prague Prague Germans
Pre-Samnite Indo-European 500s BC[99] Campania Pre-Samnites
Punic Afroasiatic 600s AD[100] Iberia, Malta, Sicily, Sardinia and the Balearic Islands Carthaginians
Rhaetic Tyrsenian 0s BC[101] Raetia Raeti
Rotvælsk Indo-European 1900s[102] Denmark Natmændsfolk
Rugian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Lower Austria Rugii
Russenorsk Russian–Norwegian pidgin 1900s[103] Northern Norway Pomors and Norwegians
Sabine Indo-European 300s-200s BC[104] Sabina Sabines
Sabir Romance-based Pidgin 1800s AD[105] Mediterranean Basin Medieval traders and Crusaders
Selonian Indo-European 1500s AD[106] Selonia Selonians
Semigallian Indo-European 1500s AD[107] Semigallia Semigallians
Shirvani Arabic Afroasiatic 1850–1890s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Shirvan Shirvani
Sicanian Unclassified by 300s BC[108] Central Sicily Sicani
Siculian Indo-European 300s BC[109] Eastern Sicily Sicels
Sidicini Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Sidicinum Sidicini
Skalvian Indo-European 1200s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Scalovia Skalvians
Skirian Indo-European Script error: No such module "Unsubst". North of the Middle Danube Sciri
Slovincian Indo-European 1900s[110] Northwestern Kashubia Slovincians
Solombala English English–Russian pidgin 1800s AD[111] Solombala Shipyard English and Russian traders
Sorothaptic Indo-European 100s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Catalan Countries Urnfield culture
South Picene Indo-European 300s BC[112] South Picenum South Picentes
Sudovian Indo-European 1500s AD[113] Yotvingia Yotvingians
Suebian Indo-European 500s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Elbe basin and northwestern Iberia Suebi
Tartessian Unclassified 100s BC[114] Tartessos Tartessians
Thracian Indo-European 500s AD[115] Thracia Thracians
Traveller Danish mixed Danish–Romani early 20th century[116] Denmark Romani
Ubykh Northwest Caucasian 7 October 1992[117] Ubykhia Ubykh
Umbrian Indo-European 0s BC[118] Umbria Umbri
Upgant Frisian Indo-European mid-1600sScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Upgant-Schott Frisians of Upgant-Schott
Valencian Aragonese Indo-European 1400s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Kingdom of Valencia Valencians
Vandalic Indo-European 500s AD[119] Vandal kingdoms Vandals
Värmland Savonian Uralic 1969 AD[120] Värmland Forest Finns
Venetic Indo-European 0s BC[121] Veneto Adriatic Veneti
Vestinian Indo-European 100s BC[122] Abruzzo Vestini
Volscian Indo-European 200s BC[123] Volscia Volsci
Wangerooge Frisian Indo-European 22 November 1950[124] Wangerooge Wangerooge Frisians
Welsh Romani Indo-European 1950 AD[125] Wales Romani
West Galindian Indo-European 1300s AD[126] Prussia Western Galindians
Wursten Frisian Indo-European 1810–1830s ADScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Land Wursten Frisians of Land Wursten
Yola Indo-European 1800s AD[127] Forth and Bargy Irish of Forth and Bargy
Zarphatic Indo-European 1300s AD[128] Northern France and west-central Germany French Jews

Formerly extinct

Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Language/dialect Family Date of extinction Date of revival Region Ethnic group
Cornish Indo-European 1700s AD[129] 1900s Cornwall Cornish people
Livonian Uralic 2 June 2013[130] 2020 Livonian Coast Livonians
Manx Indo-European 27 December 1974[131] 1970s Isle of Man Manx people

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Mozarabic language at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  77. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ North-western European language evolution: NOWELE, vols. 50–51 (Odense University Press, 2007), p. 240
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  87. ↑ The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language (David Crystal, editor); Cambridge University Press, 1987; p. 303: "The Isle of Man was wholly Manx-speaking until the 18th century... the last mother-tongue speakers died in the late 1940s"
  88. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  89. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  90. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  91. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". Page 2 in the online version.
  92. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  93. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  94. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  95. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  96. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  98. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  99. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  100. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  101. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  102. ↑ Bakker, P. & Nielsen, F.S., 2011. Goddeis genter! Mål & mæle, 34(1), pp.13–18.
  103. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  104. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  105. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  106. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  107. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  108. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  109. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  110. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  111. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  112. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  113. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  114. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  115. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  116. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  117. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  118. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  119. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  121. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  123. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  124. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  125. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  126. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  127. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  128. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  129. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  130. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  131. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:World topic Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Authority control".

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