Messier object

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The Messier objects are a set of 110 astronomical objects catalogued by the French astronomer Charles Messier in his Template:Ill (Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters). Because Messier was interested only in finding comets, he created a list of those non-comet objects that frustrated his hunt for them. This list, which Messier created in collaboration with his assistant Pierre Méchain, is now known as the Messier catalogue. The Messier catalogue is one of the most famous lists of astronomical objects, and many objects on the list are still referenced by their Messier numbers.^[1] The catalogue includes most of the astronomical deep-sky objects that can be easily observed from Earth's Northern Hemisphere; many Messier objects are popular targets for amateur astronomers.^[2]

A preliminary version of the catalogue first appeared in 1774 in the Memoirs of the French Academy of Sciences for the year 1771.^[3]^[4]^[5] The first version of Messier's catalogue contained 45 objects, which were not numbered. Eighteen of the objects were discovered by Messier; the rest had been previously observed by other astronomers.^[6] By 1780 the catalogue had increased to 70 objects.^[7] The final version of the catalogue containing 103 objects was published in 1781 in the Connaissance des Temps for the year 1784.^[8]^[4] However, due to what was thought for a long time to be the incorrect addition of Messier 102, the total number remained 102. Other astronomers, using side notes in Messier's texts, eventually expanded the list to 110 objects.^[9]

The catalogue consists of a diverse range of astronomical objects, from star clusters and nebulae to galaxies. For example, Messier 1 is a supernova remnant, known as the Crab Nebula, and the great spiral Andromeda Galaxy is M31. Further inclusions followed.^[10]

Lists and editions

Painting of Charles Messier

Charles Messier

The first edition of 1774 covered 45 objects (M1 to M45). The total list published by Messier in 1781 contained 103 objects, but the list was expanded through successive additions by other astronomers, motivated by notes in Messier's and Méchain's texts indicating that at least one of them knew of the additional objects. The first such addition came from Nicolas Camille Flammarion in 1921, who added Messier 104 after finding a note Messier made in a copy of the 1781 edition of the catalogue. M105 to M107 were added by Helen Sawyer Hogg in 1947, M108 and M109 by Owen Gingerich in 1960, and M110 by Kenneth Glyn Jones in 1967.^[11] M102 was observed by Méchain, who communicated his notes to Messier. Méchain later concluded that this object was simply a re-observation of M101, though some sources suggest that the object Méchain observed was the galaxy NGC 5866 and identify that as M102.^[12]

Messier's final catalogue was included in the Script error: No such module "Lang". [Knowledge of the Times for the Year 1784], the French official yearly publication of astronomical ephemerides.^[8]^[4]

Messier lived and conducted his astronomical work at the Hôtel de Cluny (now the Musée national du Moyen Âge), in Paris, France. The list he compiled contains only objects found in the sky area he could observe from the north celestial pole to a celestial latitude of about −35.7°. He did not observe or list objects visible only from farther south, such as the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.^[13]

Observations

The Messier catalogue comprises nearly all of the most spectacular examples of the five types of deep-sky object – diffuse nebulae, planetary nebulae, open clusters, globular clusters, and galaxies – visible from European latitudes. Furthermore, almost all of the Messier objects are among the closest to Earth in their respective classes, which makes them heavily studied with professional class instruments that today can resolve small and visually significant details in them. A summary of the astrophysics of each Messier object can be found in the Concise Catalog of Deep-sky Objects.^[14]

Since these objects could be observed visually with the relatively small-aperture refracting telescope (approximately 100 mm ≈ 4 inches) used by Messier to study the sky from downtown Paris, they are among the brightest and thus most attractive astronomical objects (popularly called deep-sky objects) observable from Earth, and are popular targets for visual study and astrophotography available to modern amateur astronomers using larger aperture equipment. In early spring, astronomers sometimes gather for "Messier marathons", when all of the objects can be viewed over a single night.^[15]^[16]

Messier objects

Open cluster

Globular cluster

Diffuse nebula

Planetary nebula

Supernova remnant

Galaxy

Other

Messier number	NGC/IC number	Common name	Image	Object type	Distance (kly)	Constellation	Apparent magnitude	Apparent dimensions	Right ascension	Declination
Template:Hs M1^[17]	NGC 1952	Crab Nebula	File:Crab Nebula.jpg	Supernova remnant	Template:Ntsh4.9–8.1	Taurus	8.4	420″ × 290″	05^h 34^m 31.94^s	+22° 00′ 52.2″
Template:Hs M2^[18]	NGC 7089	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier2 - HST - Potw1913a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Aquarius	6.5	16'	21^h 33^m 27.02^s	−00° 49′ 23.7″
Template:Hs M3^[19]	NGC 5272	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier3 - HST - Potw1914a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Canes Venatici	6.2	18'	13^h 42^m 11.62^s	+28° 22′ 38.2″
Template:Hs M4^[20]	NGC 6121	Spider Globular Cluster	File:Globular star cluster Messier 4.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Scorpius	5.6	26'	16^h 23^m 35.22^s	−26° 31′ 32.7″
Template:Hs M5^[21]	NGC 5904	Rose Cluster	File:Messier 5 - HST.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Serpens	5.6	23'	15^h 18^m 33.22^s	+02° 04′ 51.7″
Template:Hs M6^[22]	NGC 6405	Butterfly Cluster	File:M6a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Scorpius	4.2	25'	17^h 40.1^m	−32° 13′
Template:Hs M7^[23]	NGC 6475	Ptolemy's Cluster	File:The star cluster Messier 7.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh0.65–1.31	Scorpius	3.3	80'	17^h 53^m 51.2^s	−34° 47′ 34″
Template:Hs M8^[24]	NGC 6523	Lagoon Nebula	File:LagoonHunterWilson.jpg	Nebula with cluster	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	4.6	90′ × 40′	18^h 03^m 37^s	−24° 23′ 12″
Template:Hs M9^[25]	NGC 6333	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Globular cluster Messier 9 (captured by the Hubble Space Telescope).tif	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	7.7	9.3'	17^h 19^m 11.78^s	−18° 30′ 58.5″
Template:Hs M10^[26]	NGC 6254	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 10 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	6.6	20'	16^h 57^m 8.92^s	−04° 05′ 58.07″
Template:Hs M11^[27]	NGC 6705	Wild Duck Cluster	File:Eso1430a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Scutum	5.8	22.8'	18^h 51.1^m	−06° 16′
Template:Hs M12^[28]	NGC 6218	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M12 Hubble.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	6.7	16'	16^h 47^m 14.18^s	−01° 56′ 54.7″
Template:Hs M13^[29]	NGC 6205	Great Hercules Cluster	File:Messier 13 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Hercules	5.8	20'	16^h 41^m 41.24^s	+36° 27′ 35.5″
Template:Hs M14^[30]	NGC 6402	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 014.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	7.6	11'	17^h 37^m 36.15^s	−03° 14′ 45.3″
Template:Hs M15^[31]	NGC 7078	Great Pegasus Cluster	File:Messier 15 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Pegasus	6.2	18'	21^h 29^m 58.33^s	+12° 10′ 01.2″
Template:Hs M16^[32]	NGC 6611	Eagle Nebula	File:Eagle Nebula from ESO.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Serpens	6.4	70' x 50'	18^h 18^m 48^s	−13° 49′
Template:Hs M17^[33]	NGC 6618	Omega, Swan, Horseshoe, Lobster, or Checkmark Nebula	File:The star formation region Messier 17.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh5–6	Sagittarius	6.0	11'	18^h 20^m 26^s	−16° 10′ 36″
Template:Hs M18^[34]	NGC 6613	Black Swan Cluster	File:Messier18.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	7.5	9.8'	18^h 19.9^m	−17° 08′
Template:Hs M19^[35]	NGC 6273	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 19 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	6.8	17'	17^h 02^m 37.69^s	−26° 16′ 04.6″
Template:Hs M20^[36]	NGC 6514	Trifid Nebula	File:Trifid.nebula.arp.750pix.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort". with cluster	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	6.3	28'	18^h 02^m 23^s	−23° 01′ 48″
Template:Hs M21^[37]	NGC 6531	Webb's Cross Cluster	File:Messier object 021.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	6.5	14'	18^h 04.6^m	−22° 30′
Template:Hs M22^[38]	NGC 6656	Great Sagittarius Cluster	File:Messier 22 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh9.6–11.6	Sagittarius	5.1	32'	18^h 36^m 23.94^s	−23° 54′ 17.1″
Template:Hs M23^[39]	NGC 6494	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 023.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	5.5	35'	17^h 56.8^m	−19° 01′
Template:Hs M24^[40]	IC 4715	Small Sagittarius Star Cloud	File:Messier 24 Colombari crop invert.jpg	Milky Way star cloud	Template:Ntsh~10	Sagittarius	2.5	2°x1°	18^h 17^m	−18° 33′
Template:Hs M25^[41]	IC 4725	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 025.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	4.6	36'	18^h 31.6^m	−19° 15′
Template:Hs M26^[42]	NGC 6694	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 26.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Scutum	8.0	14'	18^h 45.2^m	−09° 24′
Template:Hs M27^[43]	NGC 6853	Dumbbell Nebula	File:M27 - Dumbbell Nebula.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh1.148–1.52	Vulpecula	7.4	8.0' × 5.6'	19^h 59^m 36.340^s	+22° 43′ 16.09″
Template:Hs M28^[44]	NGC 6626	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Nebulous, but no nebula Messier 28.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	6.8	11.2'	18^h 24^m 32.89^s	−24° 52′ 11.4″
Template:Hs M29^[45]	NGC 6913	Cooling Tower Cluster	File:Messier 29.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cygnus	7.1	7'	20^h 23^m 56^s	+38° 31′ 24″
Template:Hs M30^[46]	NGC 7099	Jellyfish Cluster	File:Messier 30 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh27.8–31	Capricornus	7.2	12'	21^h 40^m 22.12^s	−23° 10′ 47.5″
Template:Hs M31^[47]	NGC 224	Andromeda Galaxy	File:Andromeda Galaxy (with h-alpha).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh2,430–2,650	Andromeda	3.4	3.167° × 1°	00^h 42^m 44.3^s	+41° 16′ 09″
Template:Hs M32^[48]	NGC 221	Andromeda Satellite #1	File:M32 Lanoue.png	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh2,410–2,570	Andromeda	8.1	8.7' × 6.5'	00^h 42^m 41.8^s	+40° 51′ 55″
Template:Hs M33^[49]	NGC 598	Triangulum/Pinwheel Galaxy	File:VST snaps a very detailed view of the Triangulum Galaxy.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh2,380–3,070	Triangulum	5.7	70.8' x 41.7'	01^h 33^m 50.02^s	+30° 39′ 36.7″
Template:Hs M34^[50]	NGC 1039	Spiral Cluster	File:M34 2mass atlas.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Perseus	5.5	35'	02^h 42.1^m	+42° 46′
Template:Hs M35^[51]	NGC 2168	Shoe-Buckle Cluster	File:M35atlas.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Gemini	5.3	28'	06^h 09.1^m	+24° 21′
Template:Hs M36^[52]	NGC 1960	Pinwheel Cluster	File:M36a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Auriga	6.3	12'	05^h 36^m 12^s	+34° 08′ 04″
Template:Hs M37^[53]	NGC 2099	Salt and Pepper Cluster	File:M37a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Auriga	6.2	24'	05^h 52^m 18^s	+32° 33′ 02″
Template:Hs M38^[54]	NGC 1912	Starfish Cluster	File:M38 Open Cluster.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Auriga	7.4	21'	05^h 28^m 42^s	+35° 51′ 18″
Template:Hs M39^[55]	NGC 7092	Pyramid Cluster	File:M39atlas.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cygnus	4.6	29'	21^h 31^m 42^s	+48° 26′ 00″
Template:Hs M40^[56]	Script error: No such module "sort".	Winnecke 4	File:Messier object 40.jpg	Optical Double	Template:Nts	Ursa Major	8.4	51.7″	12^h 22^m 12.5^s	+58° 04′ 59″
Template:Hs M41^[57]	NGC 2287	Little Beehive Cluster	File:Messier 041 2MASS.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Canis Major	4.5	38'	06^h 46.0^m	−20° 46′
Template:Hs M42^[58]	NGC 1976	Great Orion Nebula	File:Orion Nebula - Hubble 2006 mosaic 18000.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh1.324–1.364	Orion	4.0	65' x 60'	05^h 35^m 17.3^s	−05° 23′ 28″
Template:Hs M43^[59]	NGC 1982	De Mairan's Nebula	File:M43 HST.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Orion	9.0	20' x 15'	05^h 35.6^m	−05° 16′
Template:Hs M44^[60]	NGC 2632	Beehive Cluster or Praesepe	File:Messier 44 2018.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cancer	3.7	95'	08^h 40.4^m	+19° 59′
Template:Hs M45^[61]	Script error: No such module "sort".	Pleiades, Seven Sisters or Subaru	File:Bob Star - M45 Carranza Field (by).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh0.39–0.46	Taurus	1.6	2°	03^h 47^m 24^s	+24° 07′ 00″
Template:Hs M46^[62]	NGC 2437	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M46a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Puppis	6.0	22.8'	07^h 41.8^m	−14° 49′
Template:Hs M47^[63]	NGC 2422	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M47a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Puppis	4.4	30'	07^h 36.6^m	−14° 30′
Template:Hs M48^[64]	NGC 2548	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M48a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Hydra	5.5	30'	08^h 13.7^m	−05° 45′
Template:Hs M49^[65]	NGC 4472	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 49 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh53,600–58,200	Virgo	8.4	10.2' × 8.3'	12^h 29^m 46.7^s	+08° 00′ 02″
Template:Hs M50^[66]	NGC 2323	Heart-Shaped Cluster	File:M50a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Monoceros	5.9	16'	07^h 03.2^m	−08° 20′
Template:Hs M51^[67]	NGC 5194, NGC 5195	Whirlpool Galaxy	File:Messier51 sRGB.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh19,000–27,000	Canes Venatici	8.4	11.2′ × 6.9′	13^h 29^m 52.7^s	+47° 11′ 43″
Template:Hs M52^[68]	NGC 7654	Scorpion Cluster	File:M52atlas.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cassiopeia	7.3	13'	23^h 24.2^m	+61° 35′
Template:Hs M53^[69]	NGC 5024	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Globular Cluster M53.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Coma Berenices	7.6	13'	13^h 12^m 55.25^s	+18° 10′ 05.4″
Template:Hs M54^[70]	NGC 6715	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier54.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	7.6	12'	18^h 55^m 03.33^s	−30° 28′ 47.5″
Template:Hs M55^[71]	NGC 6809	Specter Cluster	File:Messier55.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	6.3	19'	19^h 39^m 59.71^s	−30° 57′ 53.1″
Template:Hs M56^[72]	NGC 6779	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M56-LRGB.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Lyra	8.3	8.8'	19^h 16^m 35.57^s	+30° 11′ 00.5″
Template:Hs M57^[73]	NGC 6720	Ring Nebula	File:M57 The Ring Nebula.JPG	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh1.6–3.8	Lyra	8.8	230" × 230"	18^h 53^m 35.079^s	+33° 01′ 45.03″
Template:Hs M58^[74]	NGC 4579	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M58s (visible).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh~63,000	Virgo	9.7	5.9' × 4.7'	12^h 37^m 43.5^s	+11° 49′ 05″
Template:Hs M59^[75]	NGC 4621	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier59 - HST - Potw1921a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh55,000–65,000	Virgo	9.6	5.4' × 3.7'	12^h 42^m 02.3^s	+11° 38′ 49″
Template:Hs M60^[76]	NGC 4649	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 60 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh51,000–59,000	Virgo	8.8	7.4' × 6.0'	12^h 43^m 39.6^s	+11° 33′ 09″
Template:Hs M61^[77]	NGC 4303	Swelling Spiral Galaxy	File:Messier61 - ESO - Potw1901a.tif	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh50,200–54,800	Virgo	9.7	6.5' × 5.8'	12^h 21^m 54.9^s	+04° 28′ 25″
Template:Hs M62^[78]	NGC 6266	Flickering Globular	File:Messier object 062.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	6.5	15'	17^h 01^m 12.60^s	−30° 06′ 44.5″
Template:Hs M63^[79]	NGC 5055	Sunflower Galaxy	File:M63s.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Canes Venatici	8.6	12.6' × 7.2'	13^h 15^m 49.3^s	+42° 01′ 45″
Template:Hs M64^[80]	NGC 4826	Black Eye Galaxy	File:Blackeyegalaxy.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh22,000–26,000	Coma Berenices	8.5	10.7' × 5.1'	12^h 56^m 43.7^s	+21° 40′ 58″
Template:Hs M65^[81]	NGC 3623	Leo Triplet	File:M65.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh41,000–42,000	Leo	9.3	8.7' × 2.5'	11^h 18^m 55.9^s	+13° 05′ 32″
Template:Hs M66^[82]	NGC 3627	Leo Triplet	File:Phot-33c-03-fullres.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh31,000–41,000	Leo	8.9	9.1' × 4.2'	11^h 20^m 15.0^s	+12° 59′ 30″
Template:Hs M67^[83]	NGC 2682	King Cobra or Golden Eye Cluster	File:Messier object 067.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh2.61–2.93	Cancer	6.1	30'	08^h 51.3^m	+11° 49′
Template:Hs M68^[84]	NGC 4590	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 068.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Hydra	7.8	11'	12^h 39^m 27.98^s	−26° 44′ 38.6″
Template:Hs M69^[85]	NGC 6637	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 069.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	7.6	10.8'	18^h 31^m 23.10^s	−32° 20′ 53.1″
Template:Hs M70^[86]	NGC 6681	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier70.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	7.9	8'	18^h 43^m 12.76^s	−32° 17′ 31.6″
Template:Hs M71^[87]	NGC 6838	Angelfish Cluster	File:Messier71.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagitta	8.2	7.2'	19^h 53^m 46.49^s	+18° 46′ 45.1″
Template:Hs M72^[88]	NGC 6981	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier72.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh53.40–55.74	Aquarius	9.3	6.6'	20^h 53^m 27.70^s	−12° 32′ 14.3″
Template:Hs M73^[89]	NGC 6994	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 073 2MASS.jpg	Asterism	Template:Ntsh~2.5	Aquarius	9.0	2.8'	20^h 58^m 54^s	−12° 38′
Template:Hs M74^[90]	NGC 628	Phantom Galaxy^[91]	File:Messier 74 by HST.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh24,000–36,000	Pisces	9.4	10.5' x 9.5'	01^h 36^m 41.8^s	+15° 47′ 01″
Template:Hs M75^[92]	NGC 6864	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier75.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Sagittarius	8.5	6.8'	20^h 06^m 04.75^s	−21° 55′ 16.2″
Template:Hs M76^[93]	NGC 650, NGC 651	Little Dumbbell Nebula	File:M76-RL5-DDmin-Gamma-LRGB 883x628.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Perseus	10.1	2.7' × 1.8'	01^h 42.4^m	+51° 34′ 31″
Template:Hs M77^[94]	NGC 1068	Cetus A or Squid Galaxy	File:Messier 77 spiral galaxy by HST.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cetus	8.9	7.1' × 6.0'	02^h 42^m 40.7^s	−00° 00′ 48″
Template:Hs M78^[95]	NGC 2068	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 78.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Orion	8.3	8' × 6'	05^h 46^m 46.7^s	+00° 00′ 50″
Template:Hs M79^[96]	NGC 1904	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M79a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Lepus	7.7	8.7'	05^h 24^m 10.59^s	−24° 31′ 27.3″
Template:Hs M80^[97]	NGC 6093	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:A Swarm of Ancient Stars - GPN-2000-000930.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Scorpius	7.3	10'	16^h 17^m 02.41^s	−22° 58′ 33.9″
Template:Hs M81^[98]	NGC 3031	Bode's Galaxy	File:M81.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh11,400–12,200	Ursa Major	6.9	26.9' × 14.1'	09^h 55^m 33.2^s	+69° 03′ 55″
Template:Hs M82^[99]	NGC 3034	Cigar Galaxy	File:JPEG M82 Cigar Galaxyjn.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh10,700–12,300	Ursa Major	8.4	11.2' × 4.3'	09^h 55^m 52.2^s	+69° 40′ 47″
Template:Hs M83^[100]	NGC 5236	Southern Pinwheel Galaxy	File:M83 - Southern Pinwheel.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Hydra	7.6	12.9' × 11.5'	13^h 37^m 00.9^s	−29° 51′ 57″
Template:Hs M84^[101]	NGC 4374	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 84 nucleus Hubble.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh57,000–63,000	Virgo	9.1	6.5' × 5.6'	12^h 25^m 03.7^s	+12° 53′ 13″
Template:Hs M85^[102]	NGC 4382	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 85 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh56,000–64,000	Coma Berenices	9.1	7.1' × 5.5'	12^h 25^m 24.0^s	+18° 11′ 28″
Template:Hs M86^[103]	NGC 4406	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier 86 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh49,000–55,000	Virgo	8.9	8.9' × 5.8'	12^h 26^m 11.7^s	+12° 56′ 46″
Template:Hs M87^[104]	NGC 4486	Virgo A	File:Messier 87 Hubble WikiSky.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh51,870–55,130	Virgo	8.6	7.2' × 6.8'	12^h 30^m 49.42338^s	+12° 23′ 28.0439″
Template:Hs M88^[105]	NGC 4501	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M88s.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh39,000–56,000	Coma Berenices	9.6	6.9' × 3.7'	12^h 31^m 59.2^s	+14° 25′ 14″
Template:Hs M89^[106]	NGC 4552	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier89 - HST - Potw1902a.tif	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh47,000–53,000	Virgo	9.8	5.1' × 4.7'	12^h 35^m 39.8^s	+12° 33′ 23″
Template:Hs M90^[107]	NGC 4569	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier90 - SDSS DR14 (panorama).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh55,900–61,500	Virgo	9.5	9.5' × 4.4'	12^h 36^m 49.8^s	+13° 09′ 46″
Template:Hs M91^[108]	NGC 4548	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M91s.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh47,000–79,000	Coma Berenices	10.2	5.4' × 4.3'	12^h 35^m 26.4^s	+14° 29′ 47″
Template:Hs M92^[109]	NGC 6341	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Globular Cluster M92.JPG	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Hercules	6.4	14'	17^h 17^m 07.39^s	+43° 08′ 09.4″
Template:Hs M93^[110]	NGC 2447	Critter Cluster	File:Messier object 093.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Puppis	6.0	10'	07^h 44.6^m	−23° 52′
Template:Hs M94^[111]	NGC 4736	Crocodile Eye or Cat's Eye Galaxy	File:Messier 94.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh14,700–17,300	Canes Venatici	8.2	11.2' × 9.1'	12^h 50^m 53.1^s	+41° 07′ 14″
Template:Hs M95^[112]	NGC 3351	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:The VLT goes lion hunting.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh31,200–34,000	Leo	9.7	3.1' × 2.9'	10^h 43^m 57.7^s	+11° 42′ 14″
Template:Hs M96^[113]	NGC 3368	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:NGC 3368 ESO.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh28,000–34,000	Leo	9.2	7.6' × 5.2'	10^h 46^m 45.7^s	+11° 49′ 12″
Template:Hs M97^[114]	NGC 3587	Owl Nebula	File:M97-stargazer-obs.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ursa Major	9.9	3.4' × 3.3'	11^h 14^m 47.734^s	+55° 01′ 08.50″
Template:Hs M98^[115]	NGC 4192	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:M-98.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Coma Berenices	10.1	9.8' × 2.8'	12^h 13^m 48.292^s	+14° 54′ 01.69″
Template:Hs M99^[116]	NGC 4254	St. Catherine's Wheel	File:M99.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh44,700–55,700	Coma Berenices	9.9	5.4' × 4.7'	12^h 18^m 49.6^s	+14° 24′ 59″
Template:Hs M100^[117]	NGC 4321	Mirror Galaxy	File:Messier 100 and Supernova SN 2006X.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Coma Berenices	9.3	7.4' × 6.3'	12^h 22^m 54.9^s	+15° 49′ 21″
Template:Hs M101^[118]	NGC 5457	Pinwheel Galaxy	File:M101 hires STScI-PRC2006-10a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh19,100–22,400	Ursa Major	7.9	28.8' × 26.9'	14^h 03^m 12.6^s	+54° 20′ 57″
Template:Hs M102^[119]	NGC 5866	Spindle Galaxy	File:Ngc5866 hst big.png	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh50,000	Draco	9.9	4.7' x 1.9'	15^h 06^m 29.5^s	+55° 45′ 48″
Template:Hs M103^[120]	NGC 581	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier object 103.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Cassiopeia	7.4	6'	01^h 33.2^m	+60° 42′
Template:Hs M104^[121]	NGC 4594	Sombrero Galaxy	File:M104 ngc4594 sombrero galaxy hi-res.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh28,700–30,900	Virgo	8.0	9' x 4'	12^h 39^m 59.4^s	−11° 37′ 23″
Template:Hs M105^[122]	NGC 3379	Script error: No such module "sort".	File:Messier105 - HST - Potw1901a.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh30,400–33,600	Leo	9.3	5.4' × 4.8'	10^h 47^m 49.6^s	+12° 34′ 54″
Template:Hs M106^[123]	NGC 4258	–	File:Messier 106 visible and infrared composite.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh22,200–25,200	Canes Venatici	8.4	18.6' × 7.2'	12^h 18^m 57.5^s	+47° 18′ 14″
Template:Hs M107^[124]	NGC 6171	Crucifix Cluster	File:Messier object 107.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ophiuchus	7.9	10'	16^h 32^m 31.86^s	−13° 03′ 13.6″
Template:Hs M108^[125]	NGC 3556	Surfboard Galaxy	File:Messier108 - SDSS DR 14 (panorama).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Nts	Ursa Major	10.0	8.7' × 2.2'	11^h 11^m 31.0^s	+55° 40′ 27″
Template:Hs M109^[126]	NGC 3992	Vacuum Cleaner Galaxy	File:Messier109 - SDSS DR14 (panorama).jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh59,500–107,500	Ursa Major	9.8	7.6' × 4.7'	11^h 57^m 36.0^s	+53° 22′ 28″
Template:Hs M110^[127]	NGC 205	Andromeda Satellite #2	File:Messier object 110.jpg	Script error: No such module "sort".	Template:Ntsh2,600–2,780	Andromeda	8.5	21.9' × 11.0'	00^h 40^m 22.1^s	+41° 41′ 07″

Star chart of Messier objects

File:MessierStarChart.svg

Star chart depicting the Messier objects plotted on a rectangular grid representing right ascension and declination

References

↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b ^c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". – includes images.
Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Template:Messier objects Template:Authority control

[1] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[Hubble-2] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[3] Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

[SEDS-Messier-1771-4] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[Britannica-5] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[6] Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

[7] Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

[Messier-1781-Connaissance-1784-8] Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

[9] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[10] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[11] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[12] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[13] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[14] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[15] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[16] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[17] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[18] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[19] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[20] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[21] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[22] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[23] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[24] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[25] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[26] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[27] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[28] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[29] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[30] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[31] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[32] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[33] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[34] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[35] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[36] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[37] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[38] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[39] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[French-40] Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

[41] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[42] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[43] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[44] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[45] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[46] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[47] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[48] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[49] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[50] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[51] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[52] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[53] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[54] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[55] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[56] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[57] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[58] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[59] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[60] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[61] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[62] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[63] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[64] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[65] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[66] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[67] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[68] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[69] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[70] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[71] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[72] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[73] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[74] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[75] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[76] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[77] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[78] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[79] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[80] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[81] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[82] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[83] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[84] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[85] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[86] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[87] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[88] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[89] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[90] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[91] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[92] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[93] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[94] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[95] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[96] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[97] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[98] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[99] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[100] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[101] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[102] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[103] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[104] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[105] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[106] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[107] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[108] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[109] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[110] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[111] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[112] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[113] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[114] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[115] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[116] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[117] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[118] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[119] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[120] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[121] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[122] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[123] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[124] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[125] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[126] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[127] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Messier object

Contents

Lists and editions

Observations

Messier objects

Star chart of Messier objects

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

Messier object

Lists and editions

Observations

Messier objects

Star chart of Messier objects

See also

References

External links

Navigation menu

Search