Messier 78

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox nebula

Messier 78 or M78, also known as NGC 2068, is a reflection nebula in the constellation Orion. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and included by Charles Messier in his catalog of comet-like objects that same year.[1]

M78 is the brightest diffuse reflection nebula of a group of nebulae that includes NGC 2064, NGC 2067 and NGC 2071. This group belongs to the Orion B molecular cloud complex and is about Template:Convert distant from Earth.[2] M78 is easily found in small telescopes as a hazy patch and involves two stars of 10th and 11th magnitude. These two B-type stars, HD 38563 A and HD 38563 B, are responsible for making the cloud of dust in M78 visible by reflecting their light.[3]

The M78 cloud contains a cluster of stars that is visible in the infrared.[2] Due to gravity, the molecular gas in the nebula has fragmented into a hierarchy of clumps,[2] whose cores have masses ranging from Template:Val to Template:Val.[4] About 45 variable stars of the T Tauri type,[5] young stars still in the process of formation, are members as well. Similarly, 17 Herbig–Haro objects are known in M78.[6]

On May 23, 2024, the European Space Agency released an initial set of images from their Euclid mission. This included an unprecedented image of the region including M78.[7] It showed hundreds of thousands of new objects including sub-stellar sized ones for the first time.

Gallery

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Portal bar Template:Messier objects Template:Ngc25 Template:Sky

  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frommert2018
  2. a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Smith2013
  3. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Strom1974
  4. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Motte2001
  5. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Herbig1963
  6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Zhao1999
  7. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".