Uvular ejective stop

The uvular ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

Features of the uvular ejective:

Occurrence

A single plain uvular ejective is found in almost all Northeast Caucasian languages, all South Caucasian languages, and some Athabaskan languages, as well as Itelmen, Quechua and Aymara.

Most Salishan languages, the Tlingit language, and Adyghe and Kabardian (Northwest Caucasian) demonstrate a two-way contrast between labialised and plain uvular ejectives.

The Akhvakh language appears to have a contrast between lax and tense uvular ejectives: Template:Gloss (lax) vs. Template:Gloss (tense).

Abkhaz contrasts plain, palatalised and labialised uvular ejectives, written Template:Angbr, e.g., Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss. As with Georgian, Abkhaz has no non-ejective uvular stops; the historically present uvular aspirates have merged with their corresponding fricatives, although the aspirates are preserved in Abaza.

The plain uvular ejective is one of the most common consonants in Ubykh, due to its presence in the past tense suffix . But in addition to palatalised, labialised and plain uvular ejectives, Ubykh also possesses a pharyngealised version and a concurrently labialised and pharyngealised version, making a total of five: Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss.

Examples

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Abaza		/Template:Transliteration		'red'
Abkhaz		/Template:Transliteration
Adyghe	Hakuchi	/Template:Transliteration	{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "Qʼa.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	'hand'	Dialectal. Corresponds to in other dialects.
Archi		/Template:Transliteration		'forelock'
Azeri	North dialects			'ancient'
Batsbi		/Template:Transliteration		'rain'
Chechen		//		'crow'
Dargwa	Mehweb			'window'	contrasts with Template:IPAslink, Template:IPAslink, and Template:IPAslink
Georgian		/Template:Transliteration		'flower'	Unlike the velar ejective, it does not contrast with voiced or voiceless uvular stops; the Old Georgian voiceless uvular stop has merged with the voiceless velar fricative in modern Georgian. Some scholars view this Georgian phoneme as being rather an uvular ejective fricative .
Haida				'basket'
Itelmen				Template:Gloss
Klallam				Template:Gloss	contrasts with labialized uvular ejective stop, e.g., Template:Gloss.
Kutenai				'St. Mary’s or deep dense woods'
Laz		/		'loving'
Lezgian				Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss	contrasts with labialized version, e.g., Template:Gloss
Lushootseed				'canoe'
Mingrelian		/Template:Transliteration		'belt'
North Straits Salish				Template:Gloss	contrasts with the labialized version, e.g., Template:Gloss.
Quechua				'yellow'
Svan		/Template:Transliteration		'boy'
Tahltan				Template:Gloss
Tlingit			{{errorTemplate:Main other|Audio file "K̲ʼateil.ogg" not found}}Template:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler	‘pitcher’

See also

• List of phonetics topics

External links

• Template:Phoible