Timeline of Solar System exploration

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Template:Use dmy dates

File:Timeline of Solar System exploration.jpg
Charted timeline of Solar System exploration through December 2014

This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes:

It does not include:

  • Centuries of terrestrial telescopic observation.
  • The great majority of Earth-orbiting satellites.
  • Space probes leaving Earth orbit that are not concerned with Solar System exploration (such as space telescopes targeted at distant galaxies, cosmic background radiation observatories, and so on).
  • Probes that failed at launch.

The dates listed are launch dates, but the achievements noted may have occurred some time laterTemplate:Mdashin some cases, a considerable time later (for example, Voyager 2, launched 20 August 1977, did not reach Neptune until 1989).

1950s

File:Sputnik asm.jpg
Sputnik 1 – First Earth orbiter
Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Sputnik 1 4 October 1957 First Earth orbiter [1][2]
Template:Flagicon Sputnik 2 3 November 1957 Earth orbiter, first animal in orbit, a dog named Laika [2][3][4]
Template:Flagicon Explorer 1 1 February 1958 Earth orbiter; discovered Van Allen radiation belts [5]
Template:Flagicon Vanguard 1 17 March 1958 Earth orbiter; oldest spacecraft still in Earth orbit [6]
Template:Flagicon Luna 1 2 January 1959 First lunar flyby (attempted lunar impact?); first artificial satellite in heliocentric orbit. [7][8][9][10]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 4 3 March 1959 Lunar flyby [11][12]
Template:Flagicon Luna 2 12 September 1959 First extraterrestrial impact and lunar impact, First artificial object on Moon [10][13]
Template:Flagicon Luna 3 4 October 1959 Lunar flyby; First images of another celestial body taken from space, most notably, the far side of Moon [10][14]

1960s

File:Vostok spacecraft.jpg
Vostok 1 – First crewed Earth orbiter
File:Mariner 2.jpg
Mariner 2 – First successful Venus flyby
File:Mariner 3 and 4.jpg
Mariner 4 – First successful Mars flyby
File:Luna-9-1.jpg
Luna 9 – First successful lunar lander
File:Zond L1 drawing.svg
Zond 5 – First lunar flyby and return to Earth, first terrestrials to circle the Moon
File:Ap8-S68-56310.jpg
Apollo 8 – First crewed lunar orbiter
File:Aldrin Looks Back at Tranquility Base - GPN-2000-001102.jpg
Apollo 11 – First crewed lunar landing

Template:Sticky header

Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 5 11 March 1960 Interplanetary space investigations [15][16]
Template:Flagicon Venera 1 12 February 1961 First probe to another planet; Venus flyby (contact lost before flyby) [17][18][19]
Template:Flagicon Vostok 1 12 April 1961 First crewed Earth orbiter (Yuri Gagarin) [20][21]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 1 23 August 1961 Attempted lunar test flight (failed to leave Earth orbit) [22][23][24]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 2 18 November 1961 Attempted lunar test flight (failed to leave Earth orbit) [24][25][26]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 3 26 January 1962 Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) [24][27][28]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 4 23 April 1962 Lunar impact (but unintentionally became the first spacecraft to hit the lunar farside and returned no data) [24][29][30][31]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 2 27 August 1962 First successful planetary encounter, First successful Venus flyby [32][33][34]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 5 18 October 1962 Attempted lunar impact (missed Moon) [24][35][36]
Template:Flagicon Mars 1 1 November 1962 First probe to Mars: flyby (contact lost) [37][38]
Template:Flagicon Luna 4 2 April 1963 Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) [39][40]
Template:Flagicon Cosmos 21 11 November 1963 Attempted Venera test flight? [41]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 6 30 January 1964 Lunar impact (cameras failed) [42][43]
Template:Flagicon Zond 1 2 April 1964 Venus flyby (contact lost) [44][45][46]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 7 28 July 1964 Lunar impact (success) [47][48][49]
Template:Flagicon Voskhod 1 12 October 1964 First orbiter with multimember crew [50][51]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 3 5 November 1964 Attempted Mars flyby (failed to attain correct trajectory) [52][53]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 4 28 November 1964 First successful Mars flyby (taking the first close-up image of another planet)[54] [55][56]
Template:Flagicon Zond 2 30 November 1964 Mars flyby (contact lost) [46][57][58]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 8 17 February 1965 Lunar impact [59][60]
Template:Flagicon Voskhod 2 18 March 1965 First space walk, by Alexei Leonov [51][61]
Template:Flagicon Ranger 9 21 March 1965 Lunar impact [62][63]
Template:Flagicon Lincoln Calibration Sphere 1 6 May 1965 Oldest spacecraft still in useScript error: No such module "Unsubst". [64]
Template:Flagicon Luna 5 9 May 1965 Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) [65]
Template:Flagicon Luna 6 8 June 1965 Attempted lunar lander (missed Moon) [66]
Template:Flagicon Zond 3 18 July 1965 Lunar flyby [46][67][68]
Template:Flagicon Luna 7 4 October 1965 Lunar impact (attempted soft landing) [69]
Template:Flagicon Venera 2 12 November 1965 Venus flyby (contact lost) [70][18]
Template:Flagicon Venera 3 16 November 1965 Venus lander (contact lost) – First spacecraft to reach another planet's atmosphere and surface, First Venus impact [71][18]
Template:Flagicon Luna 8 3 December 1965 Lunar impact (attempted soft landing?) [72]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 6 16 December 1965 "Space weather" observations [73][74][75][76]
Template:Flagicon Luna 9 31 January 1966 First extraterrestrial lander and lunar lander [10][77]
Template:Flagicon Luna 10 31 March 1966 First extraterrestrial orbiter (except heliocentric) and first lunar orbiter [78]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 1 30 May 1966 Lunar lander [79][80][81]
Template:Flagicon Explorer 33 1 July 1966 Attempted lunar orbiter (failed to attain lunar orbit) [82][83]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Orbiter 1 10 August 1966 Lunar orbiter [84][85][86]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 7 17 August 1966 "Space weather" observations [76][87][88]
Template:Flagicon Luna 11 24 August 1966 Lunar orbiter [89]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 2 20 September 1966 Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon) [90][91]
Template:Flagicon Luna 12 22 October 1966 Lunar orbiter [92]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Orbiter 2 6 November 1966 Lunar orbiter [93][94]
Template:Flagicon Luna 13 21 December 1966 Lunar lander [95]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Orbiter 3 5 February 1967 Lunar orbiter [96][97]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 3 17 April 1967 Lunar lander [98][99]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Orbiter 4 4 May 1967 Lunar orbiter [100][101]
Template:Flagicon Venera 4 12 June 1967 First functioning extraterrestrial atmospheric probe (Venus) [18][102]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 5 14 June 1967 Venus flyby [103][104]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 4 14 July 1967 Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon) [105][106]
Template:Flagicon Explorer 35 (IMP-E) 19 July 1967 Lunar orbiter [107]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Orbiter 5 1 August 1967 Lunar orbiter [86][108][109]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 5 8 September 1967 Lunar lander [110][111]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 6 7 November 1967 Lunar lander, first lift-off from an extraterrestrial body [80][112][113]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 4 9 November 1967 Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (uncrewed) [114]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 8 13 December 1967 "Space weather" observations [76][115][116]
Template:Flagicon Surveyor 7 7 January 1968 Lunar lander [117][118]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 5 22 January 1968 Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (uncrewed) [119][120]
Template:Flagicon Zond 4 2 March 1968 Lunar programme test flight out of Earth orbit (uncrewed) [46][121][122][123]
Template:Flagicon Luna 14 7 April 1968 Lunar orbiter [124]
Template:Flagicon Zond 5 14 September 1968 First lunar flyby and return to Earth, first life forms to circle the Moon [46][125][126][127][128]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 7 11 October 1968 Lunar programme test flight in Earth orbit (crewed) [129][130]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 9 8 November 1968 "Space weather" observations [76][131][132]
Template:Flagicon Zond 6 10 November 1968 Lunar flyby and return to Earth [46][133][134]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 8 21 December 1968 First crewed spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, first crewed lunar orbiter [130][135][136]
Template:Flagicon Venera 5 5 January 1969 Venus atmospheric probe [18][137]
Template:Flagicon Venera 6 10 January 1969 Venus atmospheric probe [18][138]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 6 25 February 1969 Mars flyby [139][140]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 9 3 March 1969 Crewed lunar lander (LEM) flight test in Earth orbit [130][141]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 7 27 March 1969 Mars flyby [142][143]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 10 18 May 1969 Crewed lunar orbiter [130][144][145]
Template:Flagicon Luna 15 13 July 1969 Second attempted lunar sample return [146][147]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 11 16 July 1969 First crewed lunar landing and first successful sample return mission [148][149][150][151][152]
Template:Flagicon Zond 7 7 August 1969 Lunar flyby and return to Earth [46][153][154]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 12 14 November 1969 Crewed lunar landing [155][156][157]

1970s

File:Mars3 lander vsm.jpg
Mars 3 – First Mars lander
File:Pioneer 10 at Jupiter.jpg
Pioneer 10 – First Jupiter flyby
File:Mariner 10.jpg
Mariner 10 – First Mercury flyby
File:Voyager spacecraft.jpg
Voyager 2 – First Uranus/first Neptune flyby

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Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Apollo 13 11 April 1970 Crewed lunar flyby and return to Earth (crewed lunar landing aborted). Farthest from Earth a human has gone (401,056 km) [158][159][160][161]
Template:Flagicon Venera 7 17 August 1970 First Venus lander and the first spacecraft to "soft" land on another planet (with some data returned from the surface) [18][162][163]
Template:Flagicon Luna 16 12 September 1970 First robotic lunar sample return [10][164]
Template:Flagicon Zond 8 20 October 1970 Lunar flyby and return to Earth [46][165][166]
Template:Flagicon Luna 17/Lunokhod 1 10 November 1970 First remote controlled rover [10][167]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 14 31 January 1971 Crewed lunar landing [168][169][170]
Template:Flagicon Salyut 1 19 April 1971 First space station [171][172]
Template:Flagicon Mars 2 19 May 1971 First Mars impact, Mars orbiter and attempted lander; First rover (Prop-M) sent to another planet (Mars) [173][174][175][176][177]
Template:Flagicon Mars 3 28 May 1971 Mars orbiter (arrived after Mariner 9); First Mars lander (first image taken from the surface of another planet, though the received image did not show anything); First rover (Prop-M) to be landed but not deployed on another planet (Mars) [178][179][180][181][182]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 9 30 May 1971 First to orbit another planet (Mars) [183][184]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 15 26 July 1971 Crewed lunar landing; First crewed lunar rover [130][185][186][187]
Template:Flagicon Luna 18 2 September 1971 Attempted lunar sample return (crashed into Moon) [188][189]
Template:Flagicon Luna 19 28 September 1971 Lunar orbiter [190]
Template:Flagicon Luna 20 14 February 1972 Lunar robotic sample return [191]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 10 3 March 1972 First Jupiter flyby [192][193][75]
Template:Flagicon Venera 8 27 March 1972 Venus lander [18][194][195]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 16 16 April 1972 Crewed lunar landing [196][197][198]
Template:Flagicon Apollo 17 7 December 1972 Last crewed lunar landing [199][200][201][202]
Template:Flagicon Luna 21/Lunokhod 2 8 January 1973 Lunar rover [203]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer 11 5 April 1973 Jupiter flyby and First Saturn flyby [75][204][205]
Template:Flagicon Explorer 49 (RAE-B) 10 June 1973 Lunar orbiter/radio astronomy [206][207]
Template:Flagicon Mars 4 21 July 1973 Mars flyby (attempted Mars orbiter) [208][209]
Template:Flagicon Mars 5 25 July 1973 Mars orbiter [210][211]
Template:Flagicon Mars 6 5 August 1973 Mars flyby and attempted lander (failed due to damage on Mars landing) [212][213]
Template:Flagicon Mars 7 9 August 1973 Mars flyby and attempted lander (missed Mars) [214][215]
Template:Flagicon Mariner 10 3 November 1973 Lunar and Venus flybys in addition to the First Mercury flyby [216][217][218][219]
Template:Flagicon Luna 22 29 May 1974 Lunar orbiter [10][220]
Template:Flagicon Luna 23 28 October 1974 Attempted lunar sample return (failed due to damage on lunar landing) [221]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Helios-A 10 December 1974 Solar observations [222][223]
Template:Flagicon Venera 9 8 June 1975 First Venus orbiter and lander; First successful images from the surface of another planet (Venus) [18][224][225][226]
Template:Flagicon Venera 10 14 June 1975 Venus orbiter and lander [18][227][228][229]
Template:Flagicon Viking 1 20 August 1975 Mars orbiter and lander; First clear pictures from Martian surface [230][231][232][233]
Template:Flagicon Viking 2 9 September 1975 Mars orbiter and lander [233][234][235][236]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Helios-B 15 January 1976 Solar observations [237][238]
Template:Flagicon Luna 24 9 August 1976 Lunar robotic sample return [10][239]
Template:Flagicon Voyager 2 20 August 1977 Jupiter/Saturn/first Uranus/first Neptune flyby [240][241][242]
Template:Flagicon Voyager 1 5 September 1977 Jupiter/Saturn flyby, first to exit the heliosphere [242][243][244]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer Venus 1 20 May 1978 Venus orbiter [245][246]
Template:Flagicon Pioneer Venus 2 8 August 1978 Venus atmospheric probes [247][248]
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg ISEE-3 12 August 1978 Solar wind investigations; later redesignated International Cometary Explorer and performed Comet Giacobini-Zinner and Comet Halley flybys – First comet flyby [249][250][251]
Template:Flagicon Venera 11 9 September 1978 Venus flyby and lander [18][252][253][254]
Template:Flagicon Venera 12 14 September 1978 Venus flyby and lander [18][255][256][257]

1980s

File:Artwork Galileo-Io-Jupiter.JPG
Galileo – Mission to Jupiter

Template:Sticky header

Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Venera 13 30 October 1981 Venus flyby and lander. First recording of sound on another planet. [18][258][259][260]
Template:Flagicon Venera 14 4 November 1981 Venus flyby and lander [18][261][262][263]
Template:Flagicon Venera 15 2 June 1983 Venus orbiter [18][264][265]
Template:Flagicon Venera 16 7 June 1983 Venus orbiter [18][266][267]
Template:Flagicon Vega 1 15 December 1984 Venus flyby, lander and first extraterrestrial aircraft (aerostat balloon); continued on to Comet Halley flyby [268][269][270][271][272]
Template:Flagicon Vega 2 21 December 1984 Venus flyby, lander and balloon; continued on to Comet Halley flyby [272][273][274][275][276]
Template:Flagicon Sakigake 8 January 1985 Comet Halley flyby [277][278]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Giotto 2 July 1985 First close observation of comet (distance 596 kilometers), Comet Halley flyby [279][280][281]
Template:Flagicon Suisei (Planet-A) 18 August 1985 Comet Halley flyby [282][283]
Template:Flagicon Mir 19 February 1986 First modular space station (operational 1986–2000; final module added 1996) [284][285][286]
Template:Flagicon Phobos 1 7 July 1988 Attempted Mars orbiter/Phobos landers (contact lost) [287][288]
Template:Flagicon Phobos 2 12 July 1988 Mars orbiter/attempted Phobos landers (contact lost) [289][290]
Template:Flagicon Magellan 4 May 1989 Venus orbiter [291][292]
Template:Flagicon Galileo 18 October 1989 Venus flyby, first Asteroid flyby (Gaspra), first Asteroid moon discovery (Dactyl), first Jupiter orbiter, first Jupiter atmospheric probe [293][294][295][296]

1990s

File:Pathfinder01.jpg
Mars Pathfinder – Mars lander and the first successful Mars rover, Sojourner
File:Cassini Saturn Orbit Insertion.jpg
Cassini–Huygens – First Saturn orbiter and first Titan lander

Template:Sticky header

Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Hiten (MUSES-A) 24 January 1990 Lunar flyby and orbiter [297][298]
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg Hubble Space Telescope 24 April 1990 Orbital space telescope (operational since 1990Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) [299][300][301]
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg Ulysses 6 October 1990 Solar polar orbiter [302][303][304]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Yohkoh (Solar-A) 30 August 1991 Solar observations (1991–2001) [305][306]
Template:Flagicon Mars Observer 25 September 1992 Attempted Mars orbiter (contact lost) [307][308]
Template:Flagicon Clementine 25 January 1994 Lunar orbiter/attempted asteroid flyby (contact lost) [309][310][311]
Template:Flagicon WIND 1 November 1994 Solar wind observations [312][313]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon SOHO 2 December 1995 Solar observatory (operational since 1996Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) [314][315][316]
Template:Flagicon NEAR Shoemaker 17 February 1996 Eros orbiter, first near-Earth asteroid flyby, first asteroid orbit and first asteroid landing [317][318][319]
Template:Flagicon Mars Global Surveyor 7 November 1996 Mars orbiter [320][321]
Template:Flagicon Mars 96 16 November 1996 Attempted Mars orbiter/landers (failed to escape Earth orbit) [322][323]
Template:Flagicon Mars Pathfinder 4 December 1996 Mars lander and first successful planetary rover [324][325][326]
Template:Flagicon ACE 25 August 1997 Solar wind and "space weather" observations (operational since 1998Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) [327][328]
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon Cassini–Huygens 15 October 1997 First Saturn orbiter and first outer planet moon lander (on Titan) [329][330][331][332][333]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Prospector 7 January 1998 Lunar orbiter [334][335]
Template:Flagicon Nozomi (Planet-B) 3 July 1998 Attempted Mars orbiter (failed to enter Mars orbit) [336][337]
Template:Flagicon Deep Space 1 (DS1) 24 October 1998 Asteroid and comet flyby [338][339]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon ISS 20 November 1998 International space station [340][341]
Template:Flagicon Mars Climate Orbiter 11 December 1998 Attempted Mars orbiter (orbit insertion failed; entered atmosphere and was destroyed) [342][343]
Template:Flagicon Mars Polar Lander/Deep Space 2 (DS2) 3 January 1999 Attempted Mars lander/penetrators (contact lost) [344][345][346]
Template:Flagicon Stardust 7 February 1999 First comet coma sample return (returned 15 January 2006) [347][348][349]

2000s

File:Mars-express-volcanoes-sm.jpg
Mars Express/Beagle 2 – First planetary mission by the ESA
File:Messenger.jpg
MESSENGER – First Mercury orbiter
File:Water Around Fresh Moon Crater.jpg
Chandrayaan-1 – Water Around Fresh Moon Crater

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Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon 2001 Mars Odyssey 7 April 2001 Mars orbiter [350][351]
Template:Flagicon Genesis 8 August 2001 First solar wind sample return [352][353][354][355]
Template:Flagicon CONTOUR 3 July 2002 Attempted flyby of comet nuclei (Encke, Schwassmann-Wachmann-3, and optionally a third one; lost in space) [356][357]
Template:Flagicon Hayabusa (MUSES-C) 9 May 2003 Asteroid lander and first sample return from asteroid [358][359][360]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon Mars Express/Beagle 2 2 June 2003 Mars orbiter/attempted lander (lander failure) [361][362][363][364]
Template:Flagicon Mars Exploration Rover Spirit 10 June 2003 Mars rover [365][366]
Template:Flagicon Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity 8 July 2003 Mars rover [367][368]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg SMART-1 27 September 2003 Lunar orbiter [369][370]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Rosetta/Philae 2 March 2004 Asteroid Šteins and Lutetia flybys; first comet orbiter and lander (Landed in November 2014) [371][372][373][374]
Template:Flagicon MESSENGER 3 August 2004 First Mercury orbiter (Achieved orbit 18 March 2011) [375][376][377]
Template:Flagicon Deep Impact 12 January 2005 Comet flyby and impact [378][379][380][381]
Template:Flagicon Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 12 August 2005 Mars orbiter [382][383]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Venus Express 9 November 2005 Venus polar orbiter [384][385]
Template:Flagicon New Horizons 19 January 2006 First Pluto/Charon flyby (on 14 July 2015); continued on to 486958 Arrokoth flyby (on 1 January 2019) [386][387][388][389]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Hinode (Solar-B) 22 September 2006 Solar orbiter [390][391]
Template:Flagicon STEREO 26 October 2006 Two spacecraft, solar orbiters [392][393][394]
Template:Flagicon Phoenix 4 August 2007 Mars polar lander (Mars landing on 25 May 2008) [395][396]
Template:Flagicon SELENE (Kaguya) 14 September 2007 Lunar orbiters [397][398][399][400]
Template:Flagicon Dawn 27 September 2007 Asteroid Ceres and Vesta orbiter (Entered orbit around Vesta on 16 July 2011 and around Ceres on 6 March 2015) [401][402][403]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 1 24 October 2007 Lunar orbiter [404][405][406]
Template:Flagicon Chandrayaan-1 22 October 2008 Lunar orbiter and impactor; discovered water on the Moon [407][408][409]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Herschel Space Observatory 14 May 2009 Infrared space telescope at Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange point [410][411]
Template:Flagicon Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter/LCROSS 18 June 2009 Lunar polar orbiter and lunar impactor [412][413][414][415]
Template:Flagicon WISE (NEOWISE) 14 December 2009 Infrared survey of celestial sky (WISE mission); later Near-Earth object survey (NEOWISE mission) [416][417][418]

2010s

File:Msl20110519 PIA14156-full.jpg
Mars Science Laboratory – Mars lander and large rover
File:Mars Orbiter Mission - India - ArtistsConcept.jpg
Mangalyaan – First Indian Mars orbiter
File:ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter.jpg
Trace Gas Orbiter – ESA/Roscosmos Mars orbiter

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Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
Template:Flagicon Solar Dynamics Observatory 11 February 2010 Continuous solar monitoring [419][420]
Template:Flagicon Akatsuki (Planet-C) 20 May 2010 Venus orbiter (orbit insertion failed in 2010 / successful orbit insertion on 7 December 2015) [421][422][423]
Template:Flagicon PICARD 15 June 2010 Solar monitoring [424][425]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 2 1 October 2010 Lunar orbiter, asteroid 4179 Toutatis flyby [406][426][427]
Template:Flagicon Juno 5 August 2011 Jupiter orbiter [428][429]
Template:Flagicon GRAIL 10 September 2011 Two spacecraft, Lunar orbiters [430][431][432]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Fobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1 8 November 2011 Attempted Phobos sample return and Mars orbiter, respectively; both failed to escape Earth orbit [433][434]
Template:Flagicon Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity rover) 26 November 2011 Mars rover (landed 6 August 2012) [435][436]
Template:Flagicon Van Allen Probes (RBSP) 30 August 2012 Earth Van Allen radiation belts study [437][438][439]
Template:Flagicon IRIS 28 June 2013 Solar observations [440]
Template:Flagicon LADEE 7 September 2013 Lunar orbiter [441][442]
Template:Flagicon Hisaki 14 September 2013 Planetary atmosphere observatory [443]
Template:Flagicon Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) 5 November 2013 Mars orbiter [444][445][446]
Template:Flagicon MAVEN 18 November 2013 Mars orbiter [447][448]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 3 1 December 2013 Lunar lander and rover (first lander since Soviet Luna 24 in 1976) [406][449][450][451]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 5-T1 23 October 2014 Circumlunar mission and Earth reentry; technology demonstration to prepare for Chang'e 5 mission [452]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Hayabusa2 / MASCOT 3 December 2014 Asteroid lander and sample return (sample returned 5 December 2020), first asteroid rover [360][453][454]
Template:Flagicon PROCYON 3 December 2014 Comet observer and attempted asteroid flyby (engine failure) [455]
Template:Flagicon DSCOVR 11 February 2015 Solar observation [456][457]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and EDM lander 14 March 2016 Mars orbiter and attempted lander (lander failure) [458][459]
Template:Flagicon OSIRIS-REx 8 September 2016 Asteroid sample return mission (Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) [460][461]
Template:Flagicon InSight 5 May 2018 Mars lander [462][463]
Template:Flagicon Queqiao 20 May 2018 Relay satellite for Chang'e 4 in Halo orbit around Earth–Moon L2 Lagrange point [464]
Template:Flagicon Parker Solar Probe 12 August 2018 Solar corona probe, closest solar approach (Template:Convert) [465][466]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon BepiColombo 19 October 2018 Two Mercury orbiters (Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) [467][468]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 4 7 December 2018 Lunar lander and rover, first landing on the lunar far side [406][469][470]
Template:Flagicon Beresheet 22 February 2019 Attempted lunar lander (crashed into Moon) [471][472]
Template:Flagicon Chandrayaan-2 22 July 2019 Lunar orbiter; attempted lander and rover (contact lost during final stage of descent) [473][474]

2020s

File:PIA21635-Mars2020Rover-ArtistConcept-20170523.jpg
NASA's Perseverance rover

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Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Solar Orbiter 10 February 2020 Sun-observing satellite [475][476][477]
Template:Flagicon Mars Hope 19 July 2020 Mars orbiter [478]
Template:Flagicon Tianwen-1 (Zhurong rover) 23 July 2020 Mars orbiter, lander, and rover [479]
Template:Flagicon Mars 2020 (Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter) 30 July 2020 Mars rover and helicopter drone; first powered flight on another planet [480][481][482]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 5 23 November 2020 Lunar sample return [406][483]
Template:Flagicon Lucy 16 October 2021 Flyby of six Jupiter trojans and two main belt asteroids [484][485]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon DART / LICIACube 24 November 2021 Asteroid 65803 Didymos flyby, asteroid moon Dimorphos impactor [486][487]
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg Template:Flagicon James Webb Space Telescope 25 December 2021 Infrared space telescope at Sun–Earth L2 [488][489]
Template:Flagicon CAPSTONE 28 June 2022 Lunar orbiter [490]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Danuri (KPLO) 5 August 2022 Lunar orbiter [491]
Template:Flagicon Artemis 1 and 10 cubesats 16 November 2022 Uncrewed lunar orbital test of Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System. The cubesats are launched as rideshares and will execute their own missions. [492]
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Hakuto-R Mission 1 (Rashid rover) and Lunar Flashlight 11 December 2022 Lunar lander technology demonstration, lunar rover, and lunar orbiter launched together (crashed into Moon) [493][494][495]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg JUICE 14 April 2023 Jupiter/Ganymede orbiter [496]
Template:Flagicon Chandrayaan-3 14 July 2023 Lunar orbiter, lander and rover; first soft landing near the lunar South Pole [497][498]
Template:Flagicon Luna 25 10 August 2023 Attempted lunar south pole lander (crashed into Moon) [499][500]
Template:Flagicon Aditya-L1 2 September 2023 Sun-observing spacecraft at Sun–Earth L1 [501]
Template:Flagicon SLIM (LEV-1, LEV-2) 6 September 2023 Lunar flyby, lander and rovers [502][503]
Template:Flagicon Psyche 13 October 2023 Asteroid 16 Psyche orbiter [504]
Template:Flagicon Peregrine Mission One (including Iris and Colmena rovers) 8 January 2024 Lunar lander and rovers (landing precluded) [505]
Template:Flagicon IM-1 Nova-C Odysseus (including EagleCam deployable camera) 15 February 2024 Lunar landers [506]
Template:Flagicon DRO A/B 13 March 2024 Lunar orbiters [507]
Template:Flagicon Queqiao-2 (including Tiandu-1 and 2) 20 March 2024 Lunar orbiters [508]
Template:Flagicon Chang'e 6 (including Pakistan's ICUBE-Q cubesat) 3 May 2024 Lunar sample return, rover and orbiters; first sample return from the lunar far side [509][510]
File:European Space Agency logo.svg Hera (3 orbiters) 7 October 2024 Asteroid 65803 Didymos rendezvous [511]
Template:Flagicon Europa Clipper 14 October 2024 Jupiter orbiter, Europa multiple flyby [512][513][514]
Template:Flagicon Blue Ghost M1 15 January 2025 Lunar lander [515]
Template:Flagicon Hakuto-R Mission 2 (including Tenacious rover) 15 January 2025 Lunar lander and rover [515]
Template:Flagicon Intuitive Machines Nova-C IM-2

(including MAPP LV1, Micro-Nova, AstroAnt and Yaoki rover)

27 February 2025 Lunar lander and rovers
Template:Flagicon Lunar Trailblazer 27 February 2025 Lunar orbiter
Template:Flagicon Brokkr-2 27 February 2025 Asteroid flyby
Template:Flagicon Chimera-1 27 February 2025 Lunar flyby
Template:Flagicon Tianwen-2 (orbiters and landers) 29 May 2025 Asteroid study and sample return
Template:FlagiconCarruthers Geocorona Observatory 24 September 2025 heliophysics mission [516]
Template:Flagicon Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1 24 September 2025 heliophysics mission [516]
Template:Flagicon Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe 24 September 2025 heliophysics mission [516]
Template:Flagicon EscaPADE 13 November 2025 Two orbiters to Mars [517]

Planned or scheduled

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

See also

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Space exploration lists and timelines Template:Planetary exploration Template:NASA planetary exploration programs Template:Navbox with columns

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  77. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  87. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  88. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  89. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  90. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  91. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  92. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  93. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  94. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  95. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  96. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  98. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  99. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  100. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  101. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  102. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  103. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  104. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  105. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  106. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  107. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  108. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  109. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  110. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  111. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  112. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  113. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  114. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  115. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  116. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  117. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  118. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  119. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  120. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  121. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  123. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  124. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  125. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  126. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  127. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  128. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  129. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  130. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  131. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  132. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  133. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  134. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  135. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  136. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  137. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  138. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  139. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  140. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  141. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  142. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  143. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  144. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  145. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  146. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  147. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  148. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  149. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  150. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  151. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  152. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  153. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  154. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  155. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  156. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  157. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  158. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  159. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  160. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  161. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  162. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  163. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  164. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  165. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  166. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  167. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  168. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  169. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  170. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  171. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  172. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  173. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  174. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  175. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  176. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  177. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  178. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  179. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  180. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  181. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  182. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  183. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  184. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  185. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  186. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  187. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  188. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  189. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  190. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  191. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  192. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  193. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  194. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  195. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  196. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  197. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  198. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  199. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  200. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  201. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  202. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  203. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  204. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  205. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  206. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  207. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  208. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  209. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  210. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  211. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  212. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  213. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  214. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  215. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  216. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  217. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  218. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  219. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  220. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  221. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  222. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  223. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  224. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  225. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  226. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  227. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  228. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  229. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  230. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  231. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  232. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  233. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  234. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  235. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  236. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  237. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  238. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  239. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  240. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  241. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  242. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  243. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  244. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  245. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  246. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  247. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  248. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  249. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  250. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  251. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  252. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  253. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  254. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  255. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  256. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  257. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  258. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  259. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  260. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  261. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  262. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  263. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  264. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  265. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  266. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  267. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  268. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  269. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  270. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  271. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  272. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  273. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  274. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  275. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  276. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  277. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  278. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  279. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  280. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  281. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  282. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  283. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  284. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  285. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  286. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  287. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  288. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  289. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  290. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  291. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  292. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  293. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  294. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  295. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  296. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  297. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  298. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  299. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  300. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  301. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  302. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  303. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  304. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  305. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  306. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  307. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  308. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  309. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  310. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  311. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  312. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  313. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  314. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  315. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  316. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  317. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  318. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  319. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  320. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  321. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  322. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  323. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  324. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  325. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  326. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  327. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  328. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  329. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  330. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  331. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  332. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  333. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  334. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  335. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  336. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  337. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  338. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  339. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  340. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  341. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  342. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  343. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  344. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  345. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  346. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  347. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  348. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  349. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  350. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  351. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  352. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  353. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  354. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  355. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  356. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  357. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  358. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  359. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  360. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  361. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  362. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  363. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  364. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  365. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  366. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  367. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  368. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  369. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  370. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  371. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  372. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  373. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  374. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  375. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  376. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  377. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  378. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  379. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  380. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  381. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  382. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  383. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  384. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  385. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  386. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  387. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  388. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  389. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  390. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  391. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  392. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  393. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  394. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  395. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  396. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  397. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  398. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  399. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  400. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  401. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  402. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  403. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  404. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  405. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  406. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  407. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  408. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  409. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  410. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  411. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  412. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  413. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  414. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  415. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  416. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  417. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  418. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  419. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  420. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  421. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  422. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  423. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  424. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  425. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  426. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  427. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  428. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  429. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  430. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  431. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  432. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  433. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  434. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  435. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  436. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  437. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  438. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  439. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  440. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  441. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  442. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  443. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  444. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  445. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  446. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  447. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  448. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  449. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  450. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  451. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  452. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  453. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  454. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  455. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  456. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  457. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  458. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  459. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  460. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  461. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  462. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  463. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  464. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  465. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  466. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  467. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  468. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  469. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  470. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  471. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  472. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  473. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  474. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  475. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  476. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  477. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  478. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  479. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  480. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  481. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  482. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  483. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  484. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  485. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  486. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  487. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  488. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  489. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  490. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  491. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  492. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  493. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  494. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  495. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  496. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  497. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  498. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  499. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  500. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  501. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  502. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  503. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  504. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  505. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  506. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  507. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  508. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  509. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  510. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  511. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  512. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  513. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  514. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  515. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  516. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  517. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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