Pishan County
Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator. Script error: No such module "infobox". Pishan County (Template:Lang-zh) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Guma County (Template:Langx; Template:Lang-zh), is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Hotan Prefecture. It contains an area of Script error: No such module "convert".. According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 220,000. The county borders Maralbexi County and Makit County to the north, Karakax County, Hotan County and Kunyu to the east and Kargilik County to the west. The county includes lands near the Karakoram Pass which are part of the Aksai Chin area that is disputed between China and India.
History
In 1902, Pishan County was created from Guma, Sanju and other areas originally part of Kargilik.[1]
In March 1950, the Pishan County People's Government was established.[2]
In May 2010, Shahidulla (Xaidula/Saitula) was made a town.[1]
On the night of December 28, 2011, Koxtag (Kuoshi Tage) in Pishan was the site of the 2011 Pishan hostage crisis.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
In 2012/3, Muji was changed from a township into a town.[1][3]
On July 3, 2015, the 2015 Pishan earthquake occurred, killing three and wounding 71.
On July 24, 2015, Koxtag was changed from a township to a town.[4]
On January 9, 2016, Sanju was changed from a township to a town.[5]
Geography
The northern part of Pishan/Guma County is made up of sand dunes in the Taklamakan Desert. The main part of the population of the county is grouped around oasis areas at the base of the Kunlun Mountains. The southern part of the county is mountainous including the Qizil Koran Range. A prominent mountain pass in the area is Sanju Pass. A prominent lake in the area is Cuolule Co (Cuolule Cuo, Tsorūl Tso; Script error: No such module "Lang".).Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Climate
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Administrative divisions
The county is made up of 1 subdistrict, 6 towns, 8 townships, 2 ethnic townships, and two other areas:[1][3][6]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistrict | |||||||
| Pishan County Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223001 | ||
| Towns | |||||||
| Guma Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223100 | ||
| Duwa Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223101 | ||
| Shahidulla Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223102 | ||
| Muji Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223103 | formerly Muji Township (Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang".) | |
| Koxtag Town[7] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223104 | formerly Koxtag Township (Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang".) | |
| Sanju Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223105 | formerly Sanju Township (Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang".) | |
| Towns | |||||||
| Kilian Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223201 | ||
| Kokterak Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang".[8] | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223202 | ||
| Choda Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223205 | ||
| Mokoyla Township (Mo-kuei-la[9]) |
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| Zangguy Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223207 | ||
| Piyalma Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223208 | ||
| Pixna Township[10] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223209 | ||
| Bashlengger Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223210 | ||
| Ethnic townships | |||||||
| Nawabat Tajik Ethnic Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223211 | (Sarikoli) Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Efn | |
| Kangkir Kyrgyz Ethnic Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | 653223212 | (Kyrgyz) Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". | |
Other:
- Pishan Sanxia Industrial Park (Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Economy
The county produces rice, wheat, cotton, apricots, peaches, grapes, silkworms and furs. Coal, gypsum and mica are mined in the county. Industries include tractor repair, carpet making and food processing. Local specialities include sangpi paper and walnuts.[11]
since 1885[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there was about 54,600 acres (360,891 mu) of cultivated land in Guma.[12]
Demographics
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As of 2015, 290,016 of the 296,075 residents of the county were Uyghur, 3,788 were Han Chinese and 2,271 were from other ethnic groups.[15]
As of 1999, 97.85% of the population of Guma (Pishan) County was Uyghur and 1.32% of the population was Han Chinese.[16]
Transportation
Notable persons
- Ablajan Awut Ayup, pop singer
- Ghojimuhemmed Muhemmed, modern poet
- Osmanjan Muhemmed Pas'an, modern poet
Historical maps
-
Map including Cuolule Co (labeled as Tsorūl Tso) in southern Pishan County (AMS, 1955)Template:Efn
-
Map including Pishan (labeled as P'I-SHAN (GUMA BAZAR)) and the northern part of the county (USATC, 1971)Template:Efn
-
Map including part of southern Guma (Pishan) County (DMA, 1973)
-
Map including the southern part of the county and areas disputed between China and India (AMS, 1950)Template:Efn
-
Map including Pishan (labeled as PISHAN (P'I-SHAN)) and surrounding region (DMA, 1980)Template:Efn
Notes
References
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- ↑ Koxtag (Approved - N) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
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- ↑ Pixna (Approved - N) at GEOnet Names Server, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
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