Near-open front unrounded vowel

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:IPA vowels

The near-open front unrounded vowel, or near-low front unrounded vowel,[1] is a type of vowel sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA, a lowercase of the Template:Angbr ligature. Both the symbol and the sound are commonly referred to as "ash".

The rounded counterpart of Script error: No such module "IPA"., the near-open front rounded vowel (for which the IPA provides no separate symbol) has been reported to occur allophonically in Danish;[2][3] see open front rounded vowel for more information.

In practice, Template:Angbr IPA is sometimes used to represent the open front unrounded vowel; see the introduction to that page for more information.

In IPA transcriptions of Hungarian and Valencian, this vowel is typically written with Template:Angbr IPA.

Features

Template:Near-open vowel Template:Front vowel Template:Unrounded vowel

File:IPA æ Sagittal Section.svg
Sagittal section of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound Template:Angbr IPA. Note that a wavy glottis in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Afrikaans Standard[4] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'horse' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA"., in some dialects, before Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Afrikaans phonology
Äiwoo ikuwä [ikuwæ] 'I go' Distinguished from both [a] and [ɑ~ɒ].
Arabic Standard[5] Script error: No such module "Lang". (kitāb) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'book' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". in the environment of plain labial and coronal consonants as well as Script error: No such module "IPA". (depending on the speaker's accent). See Arabic phonology
Azerbaijani Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'Azerbaijan'
Bambam[6] bätä Script error: No such module "IPA". 'stem'
Bashkir[7] Script error: No such module "Lang". (yäy) Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'summer'
Bengali[8] Script error: No such module "Lang"./bêṅ Script error: No such module "IPA". 'frog' Also pronounced as Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Bengali phonology
Bulgarian Moesian dialects Script error: No such module "Lang". (mlečen) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'made from milk' Descendant of Proto-Slavic *ě in places where Standard Bulgarian would have /Template:IPAlink/. See Yat.
Rup dialects Descendant of Proto-Slavic *ě in all positions. See Yat.
Teteven dialect Script error: No such module "Lang". (măž) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'man' In place of Standard Bulgarian [[[:Template:IPAlink]]] (written as ъ).
Erkech dialect
Catalan Majorcan (some speakers)Template:Sfnp Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'bag' Majorcan /a/-fronting. See Catalan phonology
ValencianTemplate:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp and some Catalan dialects (some speakers) Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'ray' Palatal variant of Script error: No such module "IPA".. It can be more open (Template:IPAblink). See Catalan phonology
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'table' Final unstressed Script error: No such module "IPA". found in some speakers. Can be realized as (un)rounded and further back. See Catalan phonology
Balearic (except Ibizan)Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'thesis' Main realization of Script error: No such module "IPA".. More open and centralized before liquids and in monosyllabics. See Catalan phonology
Valencian (general pronunciation)Template:SfnpTemplate:Sfnp
Chechen Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'eagle'
Danish Standard[2][9] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'Danish' Most often transcribed in IPA with Template:IPAalink – the way it is realized by certain older or upper-class speakers.[10] See Danish phonology
Dutch[11] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'pen' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before Script error: No such module "IPA". and coda Script error: No such module "IPA".. In non-standard accents this allophone is generalized to other positions, where Template:IPAblink is used in Standard Dutch.[12] See Dutch phonology
English Cultivated New Zealand[13] cat Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'cat' Higher in other New Zealand varieties. See New Zealand English phonology
General American[14] See English phonology
Conservative Received Pronunciation[15] Fully open Template:IPAblink in contemporary RP.[15] See English phonology
Estonian[16] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'agile' Near-front.[16] See Estonian phonology
Finnish[17] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'hill' See Finnish phonology
French Parisian[18] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'bath' Nasalized; typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See French phonology
Quebec[19] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'worm' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before Script error: No such module "IPA". or in open syllables, and of Script error: No such module "IPA". in closed syllables.[19] See Quebec French phonology
German Standard Austrian[20] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'allow' Variant of pretonic Template:IPAblink.[20] See Standard German phonology
West Central German accents[21] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'or' Used instead of Template:IPAblink.[21] See Standard German phonology
Northern accents[22] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'everything' Lower and often also more back in other accents.[22] See Standard German phonology
Western Swiss accents[23] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'late' Open-mid Template:IPAblink or close-mid Template:IPAblink in other accents; contrasts with the open-mid Template:IPAslink.[24] See Standard German phonology
Greek Macedonia[25] Script error: No such module "Lang". (gáta) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'cat' See Modern Greek phonology
Thessaly[25]
Thrace[25]
Pontic[26] Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'baskets'
Hindustani Hindi न्यूज़ीलैंड(Nyu Zilaind) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'New Zealand' An allophone of Template:IPAblink that appears in English loanwords. See Hindustani phonology.
Urdu نیوزی لینڈ(Nyu Zilaind)
Hungarian[27] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'no' Typically transcribed in IPA with Template:Angbr IPA. See Hungarian phonology
Kanoê[28] Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'tobacco'
Kazakh Script error: No such module "Lang". (äiel) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'woman' Varies between near-open and open-mid.
Kurdish Sorani (Central) Script error: No such module "Lang". (galte) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'joke' Equal to Palewani (Southern) front Template:IPAblink. See Kurdish phonology
Lakon[29] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'evening'
Limburgish[30][31][32] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'twelve' Front[31][32] or near-front,[30] depending on the dialect. The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect, in which the vowel is near-front.
Lithuanian Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'yacht' (accusative) See Lithuanian phonology
Low Saxon Including Sallandic Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'glasses'
Luxembourgish[33] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'heads' See Luxembourgish phonology
Norwegian Urban East[34][35] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'leather' See Norwegian phonology
Persian[36][37] Script error: No such module "Lang". (hašt) [hæʃt] 'eight'
Portuguese Some dialects[38] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'stone' Stressed vowel. In other dialects closer Template:IPAslink. See Portuguese phonology
Some European speakers[39] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'also' Stressed vowel, allophone of nasal vowel Script error: No such module "IPA"..
Romanian Bukovinian dialectTemplate:Sfnp Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'skin' Corresponds to Script error: No such module "IPA". in standard Romanian. Also identified in some Central Transylvanian sub-dialects.Template:Sfnp See Romanian phonology
Russian[40][41] Script error: No such module "Lang". (pjatʹ) Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'five' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". between palatalized consonants. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian Zeta-Raška dialectScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'day' Regional reflex of Proto-Slavic *ь and *ъ. Sometimes nasalised.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Sinhala[42] ඇය (æya) Script error: No such module "IPA". 'she'
Slovak Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'meat, flesh' In conversation sometimes pronounced as Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Slovak phonology
Swedish Central Standard[43][44][45] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorScript error: No such module "Category handler".Script error: No such module "Category handler". 'hono(u)r' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before Script error: No such module "IPA".. See Swedish phonology
Stockholm[45] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to read' Realization of Script error: No such module "IPA". for younger speakers. Higher Script error: No such module "IPA". for other speakers
Turkish[46] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'you' Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before syllable-final Script error: No such module "IPA".. In a limited number of words (but not before Script error: No such module "IPA".), it is in free variation with Template:IPAblink.[46] See Turkish phonology

See also

Notes

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  1. ↑ Template:Vowel terminology
  2. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  3. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  4. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  5. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  6. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  7. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  10. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  11. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  12. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  13. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  14. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  15. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  16. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  17. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  18. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  19. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  20. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  21. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  22. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  23. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  24. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  25. ↑ a b c Template:Harvcoltxt
  26. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  27. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  28. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  29. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  30. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  31. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  32. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  33. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  34. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  35. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  36. ↑ Majidi & Ternes (1991)
  37. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  38. ↑ Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction – by Milton M. Azevedo Page 186.
  39. ↑ Lista das marcas dialetais e outros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP Template:In lang
  40. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  41. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  42. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  43. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  44. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  45. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  46. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt

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References

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External links

Template:IPA navigation

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