List of mammals of Mexico
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Template:Short description This is a list of the native wild mammal species recorded in Mexico. As of September 2014, there were 536 mammalian species or subspecies listed. Based on IUCN data, Mexico has 23% more noncetacean mammal species than the U.S. and Canada combined in an area only 10% as large, or a species density over 12 times that of its northern neighbors.Template:Refn Mexico's high mammal biodiversity is in part a reflection of the wide array of biomes present over its latitudinal, climatic and altitudinal ranges, from lowland tropical rainforest to temperate desert to montane forest to alpine tundra. The general increase in terrestrial biodiversity moving towards the equator[1] is another important factor in the comparison. Mexico includes much of the Mesoamerican and Madrean pine-oak woodlands biodiversity hotspots. From a biogeographic standpoint, most of Mexico is linked to the rest of North America as part of the Nearctic realm. However, the lowlands of southern Mexico are linked with Central America and South America as part of the Neotropical realm. Extensive mixing of Nearctic and Neotropical mammal species commenced only three million years ago, when the formation of the Isthmus of Panama ended South America's long period of isolation and precipitated the Great American Interchange. Twenty of Mexico's extant nonflying species (opossums, armadillos, anteaters, monkeys and caviomorph rodents) are of South American origin. Most of the megafauna that formerly inhabited the region became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene about 10,000 years ago, shortly after the arrival of the first humans. Increasing alteration and destruction of natural habitats by expanding human populations during the last several centuries is causing further attrition of the region's biodiversity, as exemplified by the "hotspot" designations (by definition, such areas have lost over 70% of their primary vegetation).
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature; those on the left are used here, those in the second column in some other articles:
| EX | Template:IUCN status | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
| EW | Template:IUCN status | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its historic range. |
| CR | Template:IUCN status | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent danger of extinction in the wild. |
| EN | Template:IUCN status | Endangered | The species is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| VU | Template:IUCN status | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| NT | Template:IUCN status | Near threatened | The species does not qualify as being at high risk of extinction but is likely to do so in the future. |
| LC | Template:IUCN status | Least concern | The species is not currently at risk of extinction in the wild. |
| DD | Template:IUCN status | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction for this species. |
| NE | Template:IUCN status | Not evaluated | The conservation status of the species has not been studied. |
Of the listed taxa, 7 are extinct, 1 (not recognized by the IUCN) is possibly extinct, 30 are critically endangered, 46 are endangered, 26 are vulnerable, and 23 are near threatened.Template:Refn These status tags were most recently updated in April 2011. Six of the extinct or possibly extinct taxa and 11 of the critically endangered taxa are insular (all but two of these are rodents); another 13 of the critically endangered species (all rodents or shrews) are montane. The only critically endangered species that are neither rodents nor shrews are the Cozumel Island raccoon and the vaquita. The vaquita population estimate has dropped below 100 as of 2014 and it is regarded as being in imminent danger of extinction.[2][3]
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Metatheria
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Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)
Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.
- Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
- Subfamily: Caluromyinae
- Genus: Caluromys
- Derby's woolly opossum, C. derbianus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Caluromys
- Subfamily: Didelphinae
- Genus: Chironectes
- Water opossum, C. minimus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Didelphis
- Common opossum, D. marsupialis Template:IUCN status
- Virginia opossum, D. virginiana Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Marmosa
- Mexican mouse opossum, M. mexicana Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Metachirus
- Brown four-eyed opossum, M. nudicaudatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Philander
- Gray four-eyed opossum, P. opossum Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tlacuatzin
- Grayish mouse opossum, T. canescens Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Chironectes
- Subfamily: Caluromyinae
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. They evolved about 50 million years ago, and their closest living relatives are elephants. Manatees are the only extant afrotherians in the Americas. However, a number proboscid species, some of which survived until the arrival of Paleo-Indians, once inhabited the region. Mammoths, mastodons and gomphotheres all formerly lived in Mexico.[4][5]
- Family: Trichechidae
- Genus: Trichechus
- West Indian manatee, T. manatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Trichechus
Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
Armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. Two of twenty-one extant species are present in Mexico; the remainder are only found in South America, where they originated. Their much larger relatives, the pampatheres and glyptodonts, once lived in North and South America but went extinct following the appearance of humans.
- Family: Dasypodidae (long-nosed armadillos)
- Subfamily: Dasypodinae
- Genus: Dasypus
- Nine-banded armadillo, D. novemcinctus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Dasypus
- Subfamily: Dasypodinae
- Family: Chlamyphoridae (armadillos)
- Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
- Genus: Cabassous
- Northern naked-tailed armadillo, C. centralis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Cabassous
- Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas. Their ancestral home is South America. Numerous ground sloths, some of which reached the size of elephants, were once present in both North and South America, as well as on the Antilles, but all went extinct following the arrival of humans.
- Suborder: Vermilingua
- Family: Cyclopedidae
- Genus: Cyclopes
- Common silky anteater, C. didactylus Template:IUCN status
- Central American silky anteater, C. dorsalis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Cyclopes
- Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters)
- Genus: Tamandua
- Northern tamandua, T. mexicana Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tamandua
- Family: Cyclopedidae
Order: Primates
The order Primates includes the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided into four main groupings: strepsirrhines, tarsiers, monkeys of the New World (parvorder Platyrrhini), and monkeys and apes of the Old World. Mexico's 2 genera of nonhuman primates compares to 6 in Central America, 20 in South America, 15 in Madagascar, 23 in Africa and 19 in Asia. Mexican and Central American monkeys are recent immigrants from South America, where their ancestors arrived after rafting over from Africa roughly 25 million years ago.[6] Southeastern Mexico is the northernmost limit of the distribution of New World monkeys, which are restricted to tropical rainforest habitat.
- Suborder: Haplorrhini
- Infraorder: Simiiformes
- Parvorder: Platyrrhini
- Family: Atelidae
- Subfamily: Alouattinae
- Genus: Alouatta
- Mantled howler, A. palliata Template:IUCN status
- Guatemalan black howler, A. pigra Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Alouatta
- Subfamily: Atelinae
- Genus: Ateles
- Geoffroy's spider monkey, A. geoffroyi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ateles
- Subfamily: Alouattinae
- Family: Atelidae
- Parvorder: Platyrrhini
- Infraorder: Simiiformes
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
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Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small, although the capybara can weigh up to Script error: No such module "convert".. According to the IUCN listing, Mexico has more rodent species (236 as of April 2011) than any other country in the world (Brazil is second with 222). Of Mexico's rodents, 2% are caviomorphs, 14.5% are sciurids, 25.5% are castorimorphs and 58% are cricetids. This distribution is fairly similar to that of the remainder of North America (although sciurids are relatively twice as abundant to the north, at the expense of cricetids), but is very different from that of South America, where the corresponding figures are 36%, 3%, 1% and 60%. Of Mexico's cricetids, 17% are sigmodontine, while the figure for South America is 99.5%.Template:Refn Mexico's caviomorphs are recent immigrants from South America, where their ancestors washed ashore after rafting across the Atlantic from Africa about 40–45 million years ago.[6][7] Conversely, South America's sciurids, castorimorphs and cricetids are recent immigrants from Central America (with sigmodontines getting a head start on the others).
- Suborder: Hystricomorpha
- Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
- Subfamily: Erethizontinae
- Genus: Erethizon
- North American porcupine, E. dorsatum Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Coendou
- Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine, Coendou mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Erethizon
- Subfamily: Erethizontinae
- Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas)
- Genus: Dasyprocta
- Mexican agouti, Dasyprocta mexicana Template:IUCN status
- Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Dasyprocta
- Family: Cuniculidae
- Genus: Cuniculus
- Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Cuniculus
- Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
- Suborder: Sciuromorpha
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Pteromyini
- Genus: Glaucomys
- Southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Glaucomys
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Genus: Sciurus
- Abert's squirrel, Sciurus aberti Template:IUCN status
- Allen's squirrel, Sciurus alleni Template:IUCN status
- Arizona gray squirrel, Sciurus arizonensis Template:IUCN status
- Mexican gray squirrel, Sciurus aureogaster Template:IUCN status
- Collie's squirrel, Sciurus colliaei Template:IUCN status
- Deppe's squirrel, Sciurus deppei Template:IUCN status
- Western gray squirrel, Sciurus griseus Template:IUCN status
- Mexican fox squirrel, Sciurus nayaritensis Template:IUCN status
- Fox squirrel, Sciurus niger Template:IUCN status
- Peters's squirrel, Sciurus oculatus Template:IUCN status
- Variegated squirrel, Sciurus variegatoides Template:IUCN status
- Yucatan squirrel, Sciurus yucatanensis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tamiasciurus
- Douglas squirrel, Tamiasciurus douglasii Template:IUCN status
- Mearns's squirrel, T. d. mearnsi Template:IUCN status
- Douglas squirrel, Tamiasciurus douglasii Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Sciurus
- Tribe: Pteromyini
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Ammospermophilus
- Harris's antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus harrisii Template:IUCN status
- Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus insularis Template:IUCN status
- Texas antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus interpres Template:IUCN status
- White-tailed antelope squirrel, Ammospermophilus leucurus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Cynomys
- Black-tailed prairie dog, Cynomys ludovicianus Template:IUCN status
- Mexican prairie dog, Cynomys mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Neotamias
- Buller's chipmunk, Neotamias bulleri Template:IUCN status
- Cliff chipmunk, Neotamias dorsalis Template:IUCN status
- Durango chipmunk, Neotamias durangae Template:IUCN status
- Merriam's chipmunk, Neotamias merriami Template:IUCN status
- California chipmunk, Neotamias obscurus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Spermophilus
- Tropical ground squirrel, Spermophilus adocetus Template:IUCN status
- Ring-tailed ground squirrel, Spermophilus annulatus Template:IUCN status
- Baja California rock squirrel, Spermophilus atricapillus Template:IUCN status
- California ground squirrel, Spermophilus beecheyi Template:IUCN status
- Sierra Madre ground squirrel, Spermophilus madrensis Template:IUCN status
- Mexican ground squirrel, Spermophilus mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Perote ground squirrel, Xerospermophilus perotensis Template:IUCN status
- Spotted ground squirrel, Spermophilus spilosoma Template:IUCN status
- Round-tailed ground squirrel, Spermophilus tereticaudus Template:IUCN status
- Rock squirrel, Spermophilus variegatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ammospermophilus
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Suborder: Castorimorpha
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Genus: Castor
- American beaver, Castor canadensis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Castor
- Family: Geomyidae
- Genus: Cratogeomys
- Yellow-faced pocket gopher, Cratogeomys castanops Template:IUCN status
- Oriental Basin pocket gopher, Cratogeomys fulvescens Template:IUCN status
- Smoky pocket gopher, Cratogeomys fumosus Template:IUCN status
- Goldman's pocket gopher, Cratogeomys goldmani Template:IUCN status
- Merriam's pocket gopher, Cratogeomys merriami Template:IUCN status
- Perote pocket gopher, Cratogeomys perotensis Template:IUCN status
- Flat-headed pocket gopher, Cratogeomys planiceps Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Geomys
- Desert pocket gopher, Geomys arenarius Template:IUCN status
- Texas pocket gopher, Geomys personatus Template:IUCN status
- Tropical pocket gopher, Geomys tropicalis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Orthogeomys
- Oaxacan pocket gopher, Orthogeomys cuniculus Template:IUCN status
- Giant pocket gopher, Orthogeomys grandis Template:IUCN status
- Hispid pocket gopher, Orthogeomys hispidus Template:IUCN status
- Big pocket gopher, Orthogeomys lanius Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Pappogeomys
- Alcorn's pocket gopher, Pappogeomys alcorni Template:IUCN status
- Buller's pocket gopher, Pappogeomys bulleri Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Thomomys
- Botta's pocket gopher, Thomomys bottae Template:IUCN status
- Southern pocket gopher, Thomomys umbrinus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Zygogeomys
- Michoacan pocket gopher, Zygogeomys trichopus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Cratogeomys
- Family: Heteromyidae
- Subfamily: Dipodomyinae
- Genus: Dipodomys
- Agile kangaroo rat, Dipodomys agilis Template:IUCN status
- Gulf Coast kangaroo rat, Dipodomys compactus Template:IUCN status
- Desert kangaroo rat, Dipodomys deserti Template:IUCN status
- San Quintin kangaroo rat, Dipodomys gravipes Template:IUCN status
- San Jose Island kangaroo rat, Dipodomys insularis Template:IUCN status
- Margarita Island kangaroo rat, Dipodomys margaritae Template:IUCN status
- Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Ord's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys ordii Template:IUCN status
- Phillips's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys phillipsii Template:IUCN status
- Dulzura kangaroo rat, Dipodomys simulans Template:IUCN status
- Banner-tailed kangaroo rat, Dipodomys spectabilis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Dipodomys
- Subfamily: Heteromyinae
- Genus: Heteromys
- Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys desmarestianus Template:IUCN status
- Gaumer's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys gaumeri Template:IUCN status
- Mexican spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys irroratus Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Painted spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys pictus Template:IUCN status
- Salvin's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys salvini Template:IUCN status
- Jaliscan spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys spectabilis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Heteromys
- Subfamily: Perognathinae
- Genus: Chaetodipus
- Little desert pocket mouse, Chaetodipus arenarius Template:IUCN status
- Narrow-skulled pocket mouse, Chaetodipus artus Template:IUCN status
- Bailey's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus baileyi Template:IUCN status
- California pocket mouse, Chaetodipus californicus Template:IUCN status
- Dalquest's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus dalquesti Template:IUCN status
- Chihuahuan pocket mouse, Chaetodipus eremicus Template:IUCN status
- San Diego pocket mouse, Chaetodipus fallax Template:IUCN status
- Long-tailed pocket mouse, Chaetodipus formosus Template:IUCN status
- Goldman's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus goldmani Template:IUCN status
- Hispid pocket mouse, Chaetodipus hispidus Template:IUCN status
- Rock pocket mouse, Chaetodipus intermedius Template:IUCN status
- Lined pocket mouse, Chaetodipus lineatus Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's pocket mouse, Chaetodipus nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Desert pocket mouse, Chaetodipus penicillatus Template:IUCN status
- Sinaloan pocket mouse, Chaetodipus pernix Template:IUCN status
- Baja pocket mouse, Chaetodipus rudinoris Template:IUCN status
- Spiny pocket mouse, Chaetodipus spinatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Perognathus
- Arizona pocket mouse, Perognathus amplus Template:IUCN status
- Plains pocket mouse, Perognathus flavescens Template:IUCN status
- Silky pocket mouse, Perognathus flavus Template:IUCN status
- Little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris Template:IUCN status
- Merriam's pocket mouse, Perognathus merriami Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Chaetodipus
- Subfamily: Dipodomyinae
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Suborder: Myomorpha
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Microtus
- California vole, Microtus californicus Template:IUCN status
- Guatemalan vole, Microtus guatemalensis Template:IUCN status
- Mexican vole, Microtus mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Tarabundí vole, Microtus oaxacensis Template:IUCN status
- Western meadow vole, Microtus drummondii Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Jalapan pine vole, Microtus quasiater Template:IUCN status
- Zempoaltépec vole, Microtus umbrosus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ondatra
- Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Microtus
- Subfamily: Tylomyinae
- Genus: Nyctomys
- Sumichrast's vesper rat, Nyctomys sumichrasti Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Otonyctomys
- Hatt's vesper rat, Otonyctomys hatti Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ototylomys
- Big-eared climbing rat, Ototylomys phyllotis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tylomys
- Chiapan climbing rat, Tylomys bullaris Template:IUCN status
- Peters's climbing rat, Tylomys nudicaudus Template:IUCN status
- Tumbala climbing rat, Tylomys tumbalensis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Nyctomys
- Subfamily: Neotominae
- Genus: Baiomys
- Southern pygmy mouse, Baiomys musculus Template:IUCN status
- Northern pygmy mouse, Baiomys taylori Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Habromys
- Chinanteco deer mouse, Habromys chinanteco Template:IUCN status
- Delicate deer mouse, Habromys delicatulus Template:IUCN status
- Ixtlán deer mouse, Habromys ixtlani Template:IUCN status
- Zempoaltepec deer mouse, Habromys lepturus Template:IUCN status
- Crested-tailed deer mouse, Habromys lophurus Template:IUCN status
- Habromys schmidlyi Template:IUCN status
- Jico deer mouse, Habromys simulatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Hodomys
- Allen's wood rat, Hodomys alleni Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Megadontomys
- Oaxaca giant deer mouse, Megadontomys cryophilus Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's giant deer mouse, Megadontomys nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Thomas's giant deer mouse, Megadontomys thomasi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Nelsonia
- Goldman's diminutive woodrat, Nelsonia goldmani Template:IUCN status
- Diminutive woodrat, Nelsonia neotomodon Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Neotoma
- White-throated woodrat, Neotoma albigula Template:IUCN status
- Turner Island woodrat, N. b. varia
- Tamaulipan woodrat, Neotoma angustapalata Template:IUCN status
- Bryant's woodrat, Neotoma bryanti Template:IUCN status
- Anthony's woodrat, N. b. anthonyi Template:IUCN status
- Bunker's woodrat, N. b. bunkeri Template:IUCN status
- San Martin Island woodrat, N. b. martinensis Template:IUCN status
- Arizona woodrat, Neotoma devia Template:IUCN status
- Dusky-footed woodrat, Neotoma fuscipes Template:IUCN status
- Goldman's woodrat, Neotoma goldmani Template:IUCN status
- Desert woodrat, Neotoma lepida Template:IUCN status
- White-toothed woodrat, Neotoma leucodon Template:IUCN status
- Angel de la Guarda woodrat, Neotoma insularis Template:IUCN status
- Big-eared woodrat, Neotoma macrotis Template:IUCN status
- Mexican woodrat, Neotoma mexicana Template:IUCN status
- Southern plains woodrat, Neotoma micropus Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's woodrat, Neotoma nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Bolaños woodrat, Neotoma palatina Template:IUCN status
- Sonoran woodrat, Neotoma phenax Template:IUCN status
- White-throated woodrat, Neotoma albigula Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Neotomodon
- Mexican volcano mouse, Neotomodon alstoni Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Osgoodomys
- Michoacan deer mouse, Osgoodomys banderanus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Peromyscus
- Aztec mouse, Peromyscus aztecus Template:IUCN status
- Orizaba deer mouse, Peromyscus beatae Template:IUCN status
- Brush mouse, Peromyscus boylii Template:IUCN status
- Perote mouse, Peromyscus bullatus Template:IUCN status
- California mouse, Peromyscus californicus Template:IUCN status
- Burt's deer mouse, Peromyscus caniceps Template:IUCN status
- Canyon mouse, Peromyscus crinitus Template:IUCN status
- Dickey's deer mouse, Peromyscus dickeyi Template:IUCN status
- Zacatecan deer mouse, Peromyscus difficilis Template:IUCN status
- Cactus mouse, Peromyscus eremicus Template:IUCN status
- Eva's desert mouse, Peromyscus eva Template:IUCN status
- Northern Baja deer mouse, Peromyscus fraterculus Template:IUCN status
- Blackish deer mouse, Peromyscus furvus Template:IUCN status
- Osgood's mouse, Peromyscus gratus Template:IUCN status
- Angel Island mouse, Peromyscus guardia Template:IUCN status
- Guatemalan deer mouse, Peromyscus guatemalensis Template:IUCN status
- Naked-eared deer mouse, Peromyscus gymnotis Template:IUCN status
- Hooper's mouse, Peromyscus hooperi Template:IUCN status
- Transvolcanic deer mouse, Peromyscus hylocetes Template:IUCN status
- San Lorenzo mouse, Peromyscus interparietalis Template:IUCN status
- White-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus Template:IUCN status
- Nimble-footed mouse, Peromyscus levipes Template:IUCN status
- Tres Marias Island mouse, Peromyscus madrensis Template:IUCN status
- Deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus Template:IUCN status
- Brown deer mouse, Peromyscus megalops Template:IUCN status
- Puebla deer mouse, Peromyscus mekisturus Template:IUCN status
- Zempoaltepec, Peromyscus melanocarpus Template:IUCN status
- Plateau mouse, Peromyscus melanophrys Template:IUCN status
- Black-eared mouse, Peromyscus melanotis Template:IUCN status
- Black-tailed mouse, Peromyscus melanurus Template:IUCN status
- Mesquite mouse, Peromyscus merriami Template:IUCN status
- Mexican deer mouse, Peromyscus mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Northern rock mouse, Peromyscus nasutus Template:IUCN status
- El Carrizo deer mouse, Peromyscus ochraventer Template:IUCN status
- White-ankled mouse, Peromyscus pectoralis Template:IUCN status
- Pemberton's deer mouse, Peromyscus pembertoni Template:IUCN status
- Tawny deer mouse, Peromyscus perfulvus Template:IUCN status
- Chihuahuan mouse, Peromyscus polius Template:IUCN status
- False canyon mouse, Peromyscus pseudocrinitus Template:IUCN status
- La Palma field mouse, Peromyscus sagax Template:IUCN status
- Schmidly's deer mouse, Peromyscus schmidlyi Template:IUCN status
- Santa Cruz mouse, Peromyscus sejugis Template:IUCN status
- Nayarit mouse, Peromyscus simulus Template:IUCN status
- Slevin's mouse, Peromyscus slevini Template:IUCN status
- Gleaning mouse, Peromyscus spicilegus Template:IUCN status
- San Esteban Island mouse, Peromyscus stephani Template:IUCN status
- Pinyon mouse, Peromyscus truei Template:IUCN status
- Winkelmann's mouse, Peromyscus winkelmanni Template:IUCN status
- Yucatan deer mouse, Peromyscus yucatanicus Template:IUCN status
- Chiapan deer mouse, Peromyscus zarhynchus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Reithrodontomys
- Baker's small-toothed harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys bakeri Template:IUCN status
- Sonoran harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys burti Template:IUCN status
- Volcano harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys chrysopsis Template:IUCN status
- Fulvous harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys fulvescens Template:IUCN status
- Slender harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys gracilis Template:IUCN status
- Hairy harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys hirsutus Template:IUCN status
- Western harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys megalotis Template:IUCN status
- Mexican harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Small-toothed harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys microdon Template:IUCN status
- Plains harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys montanus Template:IUCN status
- Cozumel harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys spectabilis Template:IUCN status
- Sumichrast's harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys sumichrasti Template:IUCN status
- Narrow-nosed harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys tenuirostris Template:IUCN status
- Zacatecas harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys zacatecae Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Scotinomys
- Alston's brown mouse, Scotinomys teguina Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Xenomys
- Magdalena rat, Xenomys nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Baiomys
- Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
- Genus: Handleyomys
- Alfaro's rice rat, Handleyomys alfaroi Template:IUCN status
- Chapman's rice rat, Handleyomys chapmani Template:IUCN status
- Black-eared rice rat, Handleyomys melanotis Template:IUCN status
- Striped rice rat, Handleyomys rhabdops Template:IUCN status
- Long-nosed rice rat, Handleyomys rostratus Template:IUCN status
- Cloud forest rice rat, Handleyomys saturatior Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Oligoryzomys
- Fulvous pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys fulvescens Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Onychomys
- Chihuahuan grasshopper mouse, Onychomys arenicola Template:IUCN status
- Northern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys leucogaster Template:IUCN status
- Southern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys torridus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Oryzomys
- White-bellied rice rat, Oryzomys albiventer
- Coues' rice rat, Oryzomys couesi Template:IUCN status
- Nelson's rice rat, Oryzomys nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Marsh rice rat, Oryzomys palustris Template:IUCN status
- Lower California rice rat, Oryzomys peninsulae
- Genus: Rheomys
- Mexican water mouse, Rheomys mexicanus Template:IUCN status
- Thomas's water mouse, Rheomys thomasi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Sigmodon
- Allen's cotton rat, Sigmodon alleni Template:IUCN status
- Arizona cotton rat, Sigmodon arizonae Template:IUCN status
- Tawny-bellied cotton rat, Sigmodon fulviventer Template:IUCN status
- Southern cotton rat, Sigmodon hirsutus Template:IUCN status
- Hispid cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus Template:IUCN status presence uncertain
- White-eared cotton rat, Sigmodon leucotis Template:IUCN status
- Jaliscan cotton rat, Sigmodon mascotensis Template:IUCN status
- Yellow-nosed cotton rat, Sigmodon ochrognathus Template:IUCN status
- Miahuatlán cotton rat, Sigmodon planifrons Template:IUCN status
- Toltec cotton rat, Sigmodon toltecus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Handleyomys
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Family: Cricetidae
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
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The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. The endangered volcano rabbit of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt is the world's second smallest rabbit. In North America, pikas are not found south of southern California and northern New Mexico.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Romerolagus
- Volcano rabbit, R. diazi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Sylvilagus
- Desert cottontail, S. audubonii Template:IUCN status
- Brush rabbit, S. bachmani Template:IUCN status
- San Jose brush rabbit, S. b. mansuetus Template:IUCN status
- Mexican cottontail, S. cunicularius Template:IUCN status
- Eastern cottontail, S. floridanus Template:IUCN status
- Central American tapetí, S. gabbi Template:IUCN status
- Tres Marias cottontail, S. graysoni Template:IUCN status
- Robust cottontail, S. holzneri Template:IUCN status presence uncertain
- Omilteme cottontail, S. insonus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Lepus
- Antelope jackrabbit, L. alleni Template:IUCN status
- Tamaulipas jackrabbit, L. altamirae Template:IUCN status
- Black-tailed jackrabbit, L. californicus Template:IUCN status
- White-sided jackrabbit, L. callotis Template:IUCN status
- Tehuantepec jackrabbit, L. flavigularis Template:IUCN status
- Black jackrabbit, L. insularis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Romerolagus
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers. In the Americas, moles are not present south of the northernmost tier of Mexican states, where they are rare.
- Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Blarinini
- Genus: Cryptotis
- Central Mexican broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis alticola DD
- Goldman's broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis goldmani LC
- Goodwin's broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis goodwini LC
- Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis griseoventris EN
- Big Mexican small-eared shrew, Cryptotis magna VU
- Yucatan small-eared shrew, Cryptotis mayensis LC
- Merriam's small-eared shrew, Cryptotis merriami LC
- Mexican small-eared shrew, Cryptotis mexicana LC
- Nelson's small-eared shrew, Cryptotis nelsoni CR
- Grizzled Mexican small-eared shrew, Cryptotis obscura LC
- North American least shrew, Cryptotis parva LC
- Oaxacan broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis peregrina DD
- Phillips' small-eared shrew, Cryptotis phillipsii VU
- Tropical small-eared shrew, Cryptotis tropicalis DD
- Genus: Cryptotis
- Tribe: Notiosoricini
- Genus: Megasorex
- Mexican shrew, Megasorex gigas LC
- Genus: Notiosorex
- Cockrum's gray shrew, Notiosorex cockrumi LC
- Crawford's gray shrew, Notiosorex crawfordi LC
- Large-eared gray shrew, Notiosorex evotis LC
- Villa's gray shrew, Notiosorex villai VU
- Genus: Megasorex
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Arizona shrew, Sorex arizonae LC
- Zacatecas shrew, Sorex emarginatus LC
- Sorex ixtlanensis DD
- Large-toothed shrew, Sorex macrodon VU
- Sorex mediopua LC
- Carmen Mountain shrew, Sorex milleri VU
- Montane shrew, Sorex monticolus LC
- Mexican long-tailed shrew, Sorex oreopolus LC
- Orizaba long-tailed shrew, Sorex orizabae LC
- Ornate shrew, Sorex ornatus LC
- Saussure's shrew, Sorex saussurei LC
- Sclater's shrew, Sorex sclateri CR
- San Cristobal shrew, Sorex stizodon CR
- Chestnut-bellied shrew, Sorex ventralis LC
- Veracruz shrew, Sorex veraecrucis LC
- Verapaz shrew, Sorex veraepacis LC
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Blarinini
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Scalopinae
- Tribe: Scalopini
- Genus: Scalopus
- Eastern mole, Scalopus aquaticus LC
- Genus: Scapanus
- Southern broad-footed mole, Scapanus occultus
- Mexican mole, Scapanus anthonyi
- Genus: Scalopus
- Tribe: Scalopini
- Subfamily: Scalopinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
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The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Noctilionidae
- Genus: Noctilio
- Lesser bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris LC
- Greater bulldog bat, Noctilio leporinus LC
- Genus: Noctilio
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Lasionycteris
- Silver-haired bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans LC
- Genus: Myotis
- Silver-tipped myotis, Myotis albescens LC
- Southwestern myotis, Myotis auriculus LC
- California myotis, Myotis californicus LC
- Western small-footed myotis, Myotis ciliolabrum LC
- Elegant myotis, Myotis elegans LC
- Long-eared myotis, Myotis evotis LC
- Findley's myotis, Myotis findleyi EN
- Cinnamon myotis, Myotis fortidens LC
- Hairy-legged myotis, Myotis keaysi LC
- Little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus LC
- Dark-nosed small-footed myotis, Myotis melanorhinus LC
- Black myotis, Myotis nigricans LC
- Arizona myotis, Myotis occultus LC
- Peninsular myotis, Myotis peninsularis EN
- Flat-headed myotis, Myotis planiceps EN
- Fringed myotis, Myotis thysanodes LC
- Cave myotis, Myotis velifer LC
- Fish-eating bat, Myotis vivesi VU
- Long-legged myotis, Myotis volans LC
- Yuma myotis, Myotis yumanensis LC
- Genus: Lasionycteris
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Antrozous
- Pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus LC
- Genus: Bauerus
- Van Gelder's bat, Bauerus dubiaquercus NT
- Genus: Corynorhinus
- Mexican big-eared bat, Corynorhinus mexicanus NT
- Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii LC
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Brazilian brown bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis LC
- Argentine brown bat, Eptesicus furinalis LC
- Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus LC
- Genus: Euderma
- Spotted bat, Euderma maculatum LC
- Genus: Idionycteris
- Allen's big-eared bat, Idionycteris phyllotis LC
- Genus: Lasiurus
- Desert red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii LC
- Eastern red bat, Lasiurus borealis LC
- Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus LC
- Southern yellow bat, Lasiurus ega LC
- Northern yellow bat, Lasiurus intermedius LC
- Seminole bat, Lasiurus seminolus LC
- Western yellow bat, Lasiurus xanthinus LC
- Genus: Nycticeius
- Evening bat, Nycticeius humeralis LC
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Western pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperus LC
- Eastern pipistrelle, Pipistrellus subflavus LC
- Genus: Rhogeessa
- Yucatan yellow bat, Rhogeessa aeneus LC
- Allen's yellow bat, Rhogeessa alleni LC
- Genoways's yellow bat, Rhogeessa genowaysi EN
- Slender yellow bat, Rhogeessa gracilis LC
- Least yellow bat, Rhogeessa mira VU
- Little yellow bat, Rhogeessa parvula LC
- Black-winged little yellow bat, Rhogeessa tumida LC
- Genus: Antrozous
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Cynomops
- Mexican dog-faced bat, Cynomops mexicanus LC
- Genus: Eumops
- Black bonneted bat, Eumops auripendulus LC
- Dwarf bonneted bat, Eumops bonariensis LC
- Wagner's bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus LC
- Sanborn's bonneted bat, Eumops hansae LC
- Western mastiff bat, Eumops perotis LC
- Underwood's bonneted bat, Eumops underwoodi LC
- Genus: Molossus
- Aztec mastiff bat, Molossus aztecus LC
- Coiban mastiff bat, Molossus coibensis LC
- Velvety free-tailed bat, Molossus molossus LC
- Miller's mastiff bat, Molossus pretiosus LC
- Black mastiff bat, Molossus rufus LC
- Sinaloan mastiff bat, Molossus sinaloae LC
- Genus: Nyctinomops
- Peale's free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops aurispinosus LC
- Pocketed free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops femorosaccus LC
- Broad-eared bat, Nyctinomops laticaudatus LC
- Big free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops macrotis LC
- Genus: Promops
- Big crested mastiff bat, Promops centralis LC
- Genus: Tadarida
- Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis LC
- Genus: Cynomops
- Family: Emballonuridae
- Genus: Balantiopteryx
- Thomas's sac-winged bat, Balantiopteryx io VU
- Gray sac-winged bat, Balantiopteryx plicata LC
- Genus: Centronycteris
- Thomas's shaggy bat, Centronycteris centralis LC
- Genus: Diclidurus
- Northern ghost bat, Diclidurus albus LC
- Genus: Peropteryx
- Greater dog-like bat, Peropteryx kappleri LC
- Lesser doglike bat, Peropteryx macrotis LC
- Genus: Rhynchonycteris
- Proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso LC
- Genus: Saccopteryx
- Greater sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata LC
- Lesser sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx leptura LC
- Genus: Balantiopteryx
- Family: Mormoopidae
- Genus: Mormoops
- Ghost-faced bat, Mormoops megalophylla LC
- Genus: Pteronotus
- Davy's naked-backed bat, Pteronotus davyi LC
- Big naked-backed bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus LC
- Parnell's mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii LC
- Wagner's mustached bat, Pteronotus personatus LC
- Genus: Mormoops
- Family: Phyllostomidae
- Subfamily: Phyllostominae
- Genus: Chrotopterus
- Big-eared woolly bat, Chrotopterus auritus LC
- Genus: Glyphonycteris
- Tricolored big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris sylvestris LC
- Genus: Lampronycteris
- Yellow-throated big-eared bat, Lampronycteris brachyotis LC
- Genus: Lonchorhina
- Tomes's sword-nosed bat, Lonchorhina aurita LC
- Genus: Lophostoma
- Pygmy round-eared bat, Lophostoma brasiliense LC
- Davis's round-eared bat, Lophostoma evotis LC
- Genus: Macrophyllum
- Long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum LC
- Genus: Macrotus
- California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus LC
- Waterhouse's leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus waterhousii LC
- Genus: Micronycteris
- Common big-eared bat, Micronycteris microtis LC
- Schmidts's big-eared bat, Micronycteris schmidtorum LC
- Genus: Mimon
- Cozumelan golden bat, Mimon cozumelae LC
- Striped hairy-nosed bat, Mimon crenulatum LC
- Genus: Phylloderma
- Pale-faced bat, Phylloderma stenops LC
- Genus: Phyllostomus
- Pale spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor LC
- Genus: Tonatia
- Stripe-headed round-eared bat, Tonatia saurophila LC
- Genus: Trachops
- Fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus LC
- Genus: Trinycteris
- Niceforo's big-eared bat, Trinycteris nicefori LC
- Genus: Vampyrum
- Spectral bat, Vampyrum spectrum NT
- Genus: Chrotopterus
- Subfamily: Glossophaginae
- Genus: Anoura
- Geoffroy's tailless bat, Anoura geoffroyi LC
- Genus: Choeroniscus
- Godman's long-tailed bat, Choeroniscus godmani LC
- Genus: Choeronycteris
- Mexican long-tongued bat, Choeronycteris mexicana NT
- Genus: Glossophaga
- Commissaris's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga commissarisi LC
- Gray long-tongued bat, Glossophaga leachii LC
- Western long-tongued bat, Glossophaga morenoi LC
- Pallas's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina LC
- Genus: Hylonycteris
- Underwood's long-tongued bat, Hylonycteris underwoodi LC
- Genus: Leptonycteris
- Greater long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris nivalis EN
- Lesser long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae VU
- Genus: Lichonycteris
- Dark long-tongued bat, Lichonycteris obscura LC
- Genus: Musonycteris
- Banana bat, Musonycteris harrisoni VU
- Genus: Anoura
- Subfamily: Carolliinae
- Genus: Carollia
- Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata LC
- Sowell's short-tailed bat, Carollia sowelli LC
- Gray short-tailed bat, Carollia subrufa LC
- Genus: Carollia
- Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
- Genus: Artibeus
- Hairy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus hirsutus LC
- Jamaican fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis LC
- Great fruit-eating bat, Artibeus lituratus LC
- Genus: Centurio
- Wrinkle-faced bat, Centurio senex LC
- Genus: Chiroderma
- Salvin's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma salvini LC
- Hairy big-eyed bat, Chiroderma villosum LC
- Genus: Dermanura
- Aztec fruit-eating bat, Dermanura azteca LC
- Pygmy fruit-eating bat, Dermanura phaeotis LC
- Toltec fruit-eating bat, Dermanura tolteca LC
- Thomas's fruit-eating bat, Dermanura watsoni LC
- Genus: Enchisthenes
- Velvety fruit-eating bat, Enchisthenes hartii LC
- Genus: Platyrrhinus
- Heller's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus helleri LC
- Genus: Sturnira
- Little yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira lilium LC
- Highland yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira ludovici LC
- Genus: Uroderma
- Tent-making bat, Uroderma bilobatum LC
- Brown tent-making bat, Uroderma magnirostrum LC
- Genus: Vampyressa
- Northern little yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa thyone LC
- Genus: Vampyrodes
- Great stripe-faced bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli LC
- Genus: Artibeus
- Subfamily: Desmodontinae
- Genus: Desmodus
- Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus LC
- Genus: Diaemus
- White-winged vampire bat, Diaemus youngi LC
- Genus: Diphylla
- Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata LC
- Genus: Desmodus
- Subfamily: Phyllostominae
- Family: Natalidae
- Genus: Natalus
- Natalus lanatus LC
- Mexican greater funnel-eared bat, Natalus mexicanus LC
- Genus: Natalus
- Family: Thyropteridae
- Genus: Thyroptera
- Spix's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera tricolor LC
- Genus: Thyroptera
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
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There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Mexico has more native mephitids than any other country, with two thirds of extant species being present. Only Costa Rica and Panama have more procyonid species (one more) than Mexico (it is tied with Colombia in this respect). Large extinct carnivorans that lived in the area prior to the coming of humans include the saber-toothed cat Smilodon fatalis, the scimitar cat Homotherium serum, American lions, American cheetahs, dire wolves and short-faced bears.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Herpailurus
- Jaguarundi, H. yagouaroundi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Leopardus
- Ocelot, L. pardalis Template:IUCN status
- Margay, L. wiedii Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Lynx
- Bobcat, L. rufus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Puma
- Cougar, P. concolor Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Herpailurus
- Subfamily: Pantherinae
- Genus: Panthera
- Jaguar, P. onca Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Panthera
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Canis
- Coyote, C. latrans Template:IUCN status
- Gray wolf, C. lupus Template:IUCN status reintroduced
- Mexican wolf, C. l. baileyi reintroduced
- Genus: Urocyon
- Gray fox, U. cinereoargenteus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Vulpes
- Kit fox, V. macrotis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Canis
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- American black bear, U. americanus Template:IUCN status
- Brown bear, U. arctos Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Mexican grizzly bear, U. a. horribilis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ursus
- Family: Mephitidae
- Genus: Conepatus
- American hog-nosed skunk, C. leuconotus Template:IUCN status
- Striped hog-nosed skunk, C. semistriatus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Mephitis
- Hooded skunk, M. macroura Template:IUCN status
- Striped skunk, M. mephitis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Spilogale
- Southern spotted skunk, S. angustifrons Template:IUCN status
- Western spotted skunk, S. gracilis Template:IUCN status
- Eastern spotted skunk, S. putorius Template:IUCN status
- Pygmy spotted skunk, S. pygmaea Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Conepatus
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Eira
- Tayra, E. barbara Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Enhydra
- Sea otter, E. lutris Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Galictis
- Greater grison, G. vittata Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Lontra
- North American river otter, L. canadensis Template:IUCN status presence uncertain
- Neotropical river otter, L. longicaudis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Mustela
- Black-footed ferret, M. nigripes Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Genus: Neogale
- Long-tailed weasel, N. frenata Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Taxidea
- American badger, T. taxus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Eira
- Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
- Genus: Bassariscus
- Ringtail, B. astutus Template:IUCN status
- Cacomistle, B. sumichrasti Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Nasua
- White-nosed coati, N. narica Template:IUCN status
- Cozumel Island coati, N. n. nelsoni
- White-nosed coati, N. narica Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Potos
- Kinkajou, P. flavus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Procyon
- Common raccoon, P. lotor Template:IUCN status
- Tres Marias raccoon, P. l. insularis
- Cozumel raccoon, P. pygmaeus Template:IUCN status
- Common raccoon, P. lotor Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Bassariscus
- Clade Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions and walruses)
- Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sea lions)
- Genus: Arctocephalus
- Galápagos fur seal, A. galapagoensis Template:IUCN status vagrant[8]
- Guadalupe fur seal, A. townsendi Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Callorhinus
- Northern fur seal, C. ursinus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Zalophus
- California sea lion, Z. californianus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Arctocephalus
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
- Genus: Mirounga
- Northern elephant seal, M. angustirostris Template:IUCN status
- Southern elephant seal, M. leonina Template:IUCN status vagrant[9]
- Genus: Neomonachus
- Caribbean monk seal, N. tropicalis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Phoca
- Harbor seal, P. vitulina Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Mirounga
- Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sea lions)
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. Tapirids were more widespread before humans appeared, formerly being present in temperate North America as well as the tropical regions they are found in today. Native equids once lived in the region, having evolved in North America over a period of 50 million years, but died out around the time of the first arrival of humans, along with at least one ungulate of South American origin, the notoungulate Mixotoxodon. Sequencing of collagen from a fossil of one recently extinct notoungulate has indicated that this order was closer to the perissodactyls than any extant mammal order.[10]
- Family: Equidae
- Genus: Equus
- Wild horse, Equus ferus Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Domestic horse, E. f. caballus introduced
- Wild horse, Equus ferus Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Genus: Equus
- Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
- Genus: Tapirus
- Baird's tapir, T. bairdii Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tapirus
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates and cetaceans)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 noncetacean artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. All of Mexico's extant ungulates are of Nearctic origin. Prior to the arrival of humans, camelids, which evolved in North America, also lived in the region, as did additional antilocaprids (e.g., Capromeryx minor).
- Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
- Genus: Dicotyles
- Collared peccary, D. tajacu Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Tayassu
- White-lipped peccary, T. pecari Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Dicotyles
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Elk, C. canadensis Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Merriam's elk, C. c. merriami Template:IUCN status
- Elk, C. canadensis Template:IUCN status extirpated
- Genus: Cervus
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
- Genus: Mazama
- Central American red brocket, M. temama Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Odocoileus
- Mule deer, O. hemionus Template:IUCN status
- Yucatan brown brocket, O. pandora Template:IUCN status
- White-tailed deer, O. virginianus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Mazama
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Family: Antilocapridae (pronghorn)
- Genus: Antilocapra
- Pronghorn, A. americana Template:IUCN status reintroduced
- Mexican pronghorn, A. a. mexicana Template:IUCN status
- Baja California pronghorn, A. a. peninsularis Template:IUCN status
- Sonoran pronghorn, A. a. sonoriensis Template:IUCN status
- Pronghorn, A. americana Template:IUCN status reintroduced
- Genus: Antilocapra
- Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Bovinae
- Genus: Bison
- American bison, B. bison Template:IUCN status reintroduced
- Plains bison, B. b. bison reintroduced
- American bison, B. bison Template:IUCN status reintroduced
- Genus: Boselaphus
- Nilgai, B. tragocamelus Template:IUCN status introduced[11]
- Genus: Bison
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Ovis
- Bighorn sheep, O. canadensis Template:IUCN status
- Desert bighorn sheep, O. c. nelsoni Template:IUCN status
- Bighorn sheep, O. canadensis Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Ovis
- Subfamily: Bovinae
Order: Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises)
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The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Their closest extant relatives are the hippos, which are artiodactyls, from which cetaceans descended; cetaceans are thus also artiodactyls. Lagoons on the coast of Baja California Sur provide calving grounds for the eastern Pacific population of gray whales. The vaquita of the northern Gulf of California is the world's smallest and most endangered cetacean.
- Parvorder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenopteridae
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Northern minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
- Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN
- Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD critically endangered population in Gulf of Mexico
- Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
- Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus
- Northern fin whale, B. p. physalus VU
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Subfamily: Megapterinae
- Genus: Megaptera
- Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC
- Genus: Megaptera
- Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
- Family: Eschrichtiidae
- Genus: Eschrichtius
- Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus LC
- Genus: Eschrichtius
- Family: Balaenidae
- Genus: Eubalaena
- North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica CR extremely rare
- North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis CR possibly seen historically[12]
- Genus: Eubalaena
- Family: Balaenopteridae
- Parvorder: Odontoceti
- Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
- Genus: Physeter
- Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
- Genus: Physeter
- Family: Kogiidae
- Genus: Kogia
- Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
- Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima DD
- Genus: Kogia
- Family: Ziphidae
- Genus: Ziphius
- Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC
- Genus: Berardius
- Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii DD
- Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
- Genus: Indopacetus
- Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus DD
- Genus: Mesoplodon
- Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
- Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus DD
- Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
- Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus DD
- Genus: Indopacetus
- Genus: Ziphius
- Superfamily: Delphinoidea
- Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
- Genus: Phocoena
- Vaquita, P. sinus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Phocoenoides
- Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli LC
- Genus: Phocoena
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
- Genus: Steno
- Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
- Genus: Tursiops
- Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC
- Genus: Stenella
- Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC
- Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene DD
- Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
- Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
- Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD
- Genus: Delphinus
- Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD
- Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
- Genus: Lagenodelphis
- Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei LC
- Genus: Lissodelphis
- Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis LC
- Genus: Sagmatias
- Pacific white-sided dolphin, Sagmatias obliquidens LC
- Genus: Grampus
- Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
- Genus: Peponocephala
- Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra LC
- Genus: Feresa
- Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
- Genus: Pseudorca
- False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
- Genus: Orcinus
- Orca, Orcinus orca DD
- Genus: Globicephala
- Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD
- Genus: Steno
- Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
- Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
See also
- List of mammals of North America
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Lists of mammals by region
- Mammal classification
- List of mammals described in the 2000s
Notes
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References
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- ↑ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group. 2016. Boselaphus tragocamelus (errata version published in 2017). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T2893A115064758. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T2893A50182076.en. Accessed on 18 April 2023.
- ↑ Template:Cite thesis
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