List of mammals of Chile

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Template:Short description This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Chile. As of January 2011, there are 152 mammal species listed for Chile, of which four are critically endangered, eight are endangered, eight are vulnerable, and eleven are near threatened.Template:Refn

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature; those on the left are used here, those in the second column are used in some other articles:

EX Template:IUCN status Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Template:IUCN status Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its historic range.
CR Template:IUCN status Critically endangered The species is in imminent danger of extinction in the wild.
EN Template:IUCN status Endangered The species is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Template:IUCN status Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Template:IUCN status Near threatened The species does not qualify as being at high risk of extinction but is likely to do so in the future.
LC Template:IUCN status Least concern The species is not currently at risk of extinction in the wild.
DD Template:IUCN status Data deficient There is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction for this species.
NE Template:IUCN status Not evaluated The conservation status of the species has not been studied.

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Metatheria

Superorder: Ameridelphia

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)
File:Llaca.jpg
Elegant fat-tailed mouse opossum

Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

Order: Paucituberculata (shrew opossums)

There are six extant species of shrew opossum. They are small shrew-like marsupials confined to the Andes.

Superorder: Australidelphia

Order: Microbiotheria (monito del monte)
File:Monito del Monte ps6.jpg
Monito del monte on bamboo

The monito del monte is the only extant member of its family and the only surviving member of an ancient order, Microbiotheria. It appears to be more closely related to Australian marsupials than to other Neotropic marsupials; this is a reflection of the South American origin of all Australasian marsupials.[1]

Infraclass: Eutheria

Superorder: Xenarthra

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
File:Chaetophractus nationi, Oruro, Bolivia - 20090824.jpg
Andean hairy armadillo

Armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. There are 21 extant species in the Americas, 19 of which are only found in South America, where they originated. Their much larger relatives, the pampatheres and glyptodonts, once lived in North and South America but became extinct following the appearance of humans.

Superorder: Euarchontoglires

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
File:Chinchilla brevicaudata.jpg
Short-tailed chinchilla
File:Chin resting on sofa.JPG
Long-tailed chinchilla
File:Bolivian vizcacha.jpg
Southern viscacha
File:Rodent on a rock in South America-8.jpg
Northern viscacha
File:Microcavea australis.png
Southern mountain cavy
File:Degu eating a piece of dried banana.jpg
Common degu
File:Cururo.jpg
Coruro
File:Myocastor coypus - ragondin.jpg
Coypu

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to Script error: No such module "convert"..

File:Abrothrix sanborni.jpg
Sanborn's grass mouse
File:Phyllotis darwini.jpg
Darwin's leaf-eared mouse
File:Reithrodon Gervais.png
Bunny rat
File:Rattus exulans.png
Polynesian rat

Superorder: Laurasiatheria

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
File:Lasurius cinereus.jpg
Hoary bat
File:Sturnira lilium lostuxtlas2008.jpg
Little yellow-shouldered bat
File:Desmodus rotundus A Catenazzi.jpg
Common vampire bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
File:Salzkatze.jpg
Geoffroy's cat
File:Guigna 2.jpg
Kodkod
File:Gato andino.jpg
Andean mountain cat
File:Pseudalopex fulvipes-primer plano.jpg
Darwin's fox
File:Lfelina.jpg
Marine otter
File:Mähnenrobben (auch Südamerikanischer Seelöwe - Otaria flavescens) (Peninsula de Valdes, Jan 1984).jpg
South American sea lion

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates and cetaceans)
File:Vicunacrop2.jpg
Vicuña
File:Pudupuda hem 8 FdoVidal Villarr 08Abr06-PhotoJimenez.JPG
Southern pudú

The weight of even-toed ungulates is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 noncetacean artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Infraorder: Cetacea (whales, dolphins and porpoises)
File:Southern right whale6.jpg
Southern right whale
File:Blue Whale 001 noaa body color.jpg
Blue whale
File:Kogia breviceps.jpg
Pygmy sperm whale
File:Commdolph01.jpg
Commerson's dolphin
File:Delphinus delphis with calf.jpg
Short-beaked common dolphin
File:Spinner dolphin jumping.JPG
Spinner dolphin
File:Hourglas dolphin crop.jpg
Hourglass dolphin
File:Lagenorhynchus obscurus.jpg
Dusky dolphin
File:Risso's dolphin.jpg
Risso's dolphin
File:Killerwhales jumping.jpg
Orca
File:LF Pilot Whale Goban Spur.jpg
Long-finned pilot whale

The infraorder Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Their closest extant relatives are the hippos, which are artiodactyls, from which cetaceans descended; cetaceans are thus also artiodactyls.

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

Template:Sister project

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