List of mammals of Bulgaria
Template:Short description This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 101 mammal species occurring in Bulgaria. Two of them are endangered, eleven are vulnerable, and four are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
| EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
| EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
| CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
| EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
| NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
| LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
| DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Template:IUCN status[1]
- Genus: Sciurus
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Spermophilus
- European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus VU
- Genus: Spermophilus
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Spalacidae (mole-rats)
- Genus: Spalax
- Lesser mole-rat, S. leucodon DD
- Genus: Spalax
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Dryomys
- Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LC
- Genus: Muscardinus
- Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius LC
- Genus: Myomimus
- Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachi VU
- Genus: Dryomys
- Subfamily: Glirinae
- Genus: Glis
- European edible dormouse, Glis glis LC
- Genus: Glis
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
- Subfamily: Sicistinae
- Genus: Sicista
- Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis LC
- Genus: Sicista
- Subfamily: Sicistinae
- Family: Spalacidae
- Subfamily: Spalacinae
- Genus: Nannospalax
- Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon VU
- Genus: Nannospalax
- Subfamily: Spalacinae
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Genus: Cricetulus
- Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius LC
- Genus: Cricetus
- European hamster, C. cricetus Template:IUCN status[2]
- Genus: Mesocricetus
- Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoni VU
- Genus: Cricetulus
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Arvicola
- European water vole, A. amphibius Template:IUCN status[3]
- Genus: Chionomys
- Snow vole, C. nivalis LC
- Genus: Clethrionomys
- Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus LC
- Genus: Microtus
- Common vole, Microtus arvalis LC
- Günther's vole, Microtus guentheri LC
- Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis LC
- European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus LC
- Genus: Arvicola
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Apodemus
- Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius LC
- Western broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus epimelas LC
- Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis LC
- Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC
- Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis LC
- Genus: Micromys
- Eurasian harvest mouse, M. minutus LC
- Genus: Mus
- House mouse, M. musculus Template:IUCN status[4]
- Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus LC
- Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus LC
- Genus: Rattus
- Brown rat, R. norvegicus LC
- Black rat, R. rattus Template:IUCN status[5]
- Genus: Apodemus
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- European hare, L. europaeus Template:IUCN status[6]
- Genus: Oryctolagus
- European rabbit, O. cuniculus Template:IUCN status introduced[7]
- Genus: Lepus
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Erinaceus
- West European hedgehog, E. europaeus Template:IUCN status[8]
- Genus: Erinaceus
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Template:IUCN status
- Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Template:IUCN status[9]
- Genus: Suncus
- Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus LC
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Southern water shrew, Neomys anomalus LC
- Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens LC
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Common shrew, Sorex araneus LC
- Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus LC
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa
- European mole, Talpa europaea LC
- Levantine mole, Talpa levantis LC
- Stankovic's mole, Talpa stankovici LC
- Genus: Talpa
- Tribe: Talpini
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Alcathoe bat, M. alcathoe Template:IUCN status[10]
- Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Template:IUCN status[11]
- Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Template:IUCN status[12]
- Brandt's bat, M. brandti Template:IUCN status[13]
- Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Template:IUCN status[14]
- Pond bat, M. dasycneme Template:IUCN status[15]
- Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Template:IUCN status[16]
- Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Template:IUCN status[17]
- Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Template:IUCN status[18]
- Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Template:IUCN status[19]
- Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Template:IUCN status[20]
- Genus: Myotis
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Template:IUCN status[21]
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni LC
- Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC
- Genus: Hypsugo
- Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii Template:IUCN status[22]
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Common noctule, N. noctula Template:IUCN status[23]
- Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus NT[24]
- Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Template:IUCN status[25]
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Template:IUCN status[26]
- Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii LC
- Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus LC
- Soprano pipistrelle, P. pygmaeus LC
- Genus: Plecotus
- Brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus LC
- Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus LC
- Genus: Vespertilio
- Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus LC
- Genus: Barbastella
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Template:IUCN status[27]
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotis LC
- Genus: Tadarida
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Template:IUCN status[28]
- Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Template:IUCN status[29]
- Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Template:IUCN status[30]
- Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Template:IUCN status[31]
- Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi Template:IUCN status[32]
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
- Suborder: Mysticeti
- Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata Template:IUCN status[33]
- Genus: Balaenoptera
- Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
- Suborder: Odontoceti
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
- Family: Phocoenidae
- Genus: Phocoena
- Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena VU
- Genus: Phocoena
- Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
- Genus: Tursiops
- Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
- Genus: Delphinus
- Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
- Genus: Tursiops
- Family: Phocoenidae
- Superfamily: Platanistoidea
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Felis
- European wildcat, F. silvestris Template:IUCN status[34]
- Genus: Lynx
- Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Template:IUCN status[35]
- Genus: Felis
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Vulpes
- Red fox, V. vulpes Template:IUCN status[36]
- Genus: Canis
- Golden jackal, C. aureus Template:IUCN status[37]
- Gray wolf, C. lupus Template:IUCN status[38]
- Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
- Genus: Vulpes
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Brown bear, U. arctos Template:IUCN status[39]
- Eurasian brown bear U. a. arctos
- Brown bear, U. arctos Template:IUCN status[39]
- Genus: Ursus
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat, M. erminea Template:IUCN status[40]
- Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii Template:IUCN status[41]
- Least weasel, M. nivalis Template:IUCN status[42]
- European polecat, M. putorius Template:IUCN status[43]
- Genus: Vormela
- Marbled polecat, V. peregusna Template:IUCN status[44]
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten, M. foina Template:IUCN status[45]
- European pine marten, M. martes Template:IUCN status[46]
- Genus: Meles
- European badger, M. meles Template:IUCN status[47]
- Genus: Lutra
- Eurasian otter, L. lutra Template:IUCN status[48]
- Genus: Mustela
- Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
- Genus: Monachus
- Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus Template:IUCN status[49]
- Genus: Monachus
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Bovidae (bovids)
- Subfamily: Bovidae
- Genus: Bison
- European bison, B. bonasus Template:IUCN status reintroduced[50]
- Carpathian wisent, B. b. hungarorum Template:IUCN status[51]
- European bison, B. bonasus Template:IUCN status reintroduced[50]
- Genus: Bison
- Subfamily: Bovidae
- Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Subfamily: Suinae
- Genus: Sus
- Wild boar, S. scrofa Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Sus
- Subfamily: Suinae
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Red deer, C. elaphus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Dama
- Genus: Cervus
- Subfamily: Capreolinae
- Genus: Capreolus
- Roe deer, C. capreolus Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Capreolus
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Alpine ibex, C. ibex Template:IUCN status introduced
- Genus: Rupicapra
- Chamois, R. rupicapra Template:IUCN status
- Genus: Capra
- Subfamily: Caprinae
Locally extinct
- Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus[53]
- European mink, Mustela lutreola[54]
See also
- List of chordate orders
- Lists of mammals by region
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Mammal classification
- List of mammals described in the 2000s
References
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External links
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