List of birds of Brazil

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from List of Brazilian birds)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Use American English

File:Rufous-bellied thrush (Turdus rufiventris).JPG
The rufous-bellied thrush is the national bird of Brazil.

Brazil has one of the richest bird diversities in the world. The avifauna of Brazil include a total of 1862 confirmed species of which 239 are endemic. Five have been introduced by humans, 93 are rare or vagrants, and seven are known or thought to be extinct or extirpated. An additional 14 species are hypothetical (see below).

Brazil hosts about 60% of the bird species recorded for all of South America. These numbers are still increasing almost every year, due to new occurrences, new species being described, or splits of existing species. About 10% of the bird species found in Brazil are, nonetheless, threatened.

In June 2013 a simultaneous discovery of fifteen bird species in Brazil was announced, the first such since 1871, when August von Pelzeln described forty new species.[1] The birds were from the families Corvidae, Thamnophilidae, Dendrocolaptidae, Tyrannidae, and Polioptilidae.[2] Eleven of the new species are endemics of Brazil and four also inhabit Peru and Bolivia.[1]

Except as an entry is cited otherwise, the list of species is that of the South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society.[3][4] The list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) are also those of the SACC unless noted otherwise. Capitalization within English names follows Wikipedia practice, i.e. only the first word of a name is capitalized unless a place name such as São Paulo is used.[5] Twelve additional species are added from other sources and are not included in the above counts; these reports have not been confirmed by the SACC.[5]

The notes of population status, for instance (endangered), are those of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.[6] The status notes apply to the worldwide population, not solely the Brazilian population except for endemic species.

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories of occurrence.

  • (V) Vagrant - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Brazil
  • (E) Endemic - a species endemic to Brazil
  • (I) Introduced - a species introduced to Brazil as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions
  • (H) Hypothetical - a species recorded but with "no tangible evidence" according to the SACC
  • (UC) Unconfirmed - A record from a non-SACC source and unconfirmed by the SACC


Template:Horizontal TOC

Rheas

File:Greater rhea (Rhea americana).JPG
Greater rhea

Order: RheiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Rheidae

The rheas are large flightless birds native to South America. Their feet have three toes rather than four which allows them to run faster.

Tinamous

Order: TinamiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Tinamidae

File:Crypturellus soui.jpg
Little tinamou
File:Rhynchotus rufescens.JPG
Red-winged tinamou

The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird. Although they look similar to other ground-dwelling birds like quail and grouse, they have no close relatives and are classified as a single family, Tinamidae, within their own order, the Tinamiformes. They are distantly related to the ratites (order Struthioniformes), which includes the rheas, emus, and kiwis.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Screamers

File:Southern screamer (Chauna torquata).JPG
Southern screamer

Order: AnseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Anhimidae

The screamers are a small family of birds related to the ducks. They are large, bulky birds, with a small downy head, long legs, and large feet which are only partially webbed. They have large spurs on their wings which are used in fights over mates and in territorial disputes.

Ducks

File:Cygnus melanocorypha EN.jpg
Black-necked swan
File:Whistling duck flight02 - natures pics-edit1.jpg
Black-bellied whistling-duck

Order: AnseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Guans

Order: GalliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cracidae

The Cracidae are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colorful facial ornaments.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

New World quails

Order: GalliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

Flamingos

File:James Flamingo.jpg
James's flamingo

Order: PhoenicopteriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually Script error: No such module "convert". tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

Grebes

File:Podilymbus-podiceps-001.jpg
Pied-billed grebe

Order: PodicipediformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Pigeons

File:Patagioenas fasciata2.jpg
Band-tailed pigeon
File:Whitetippeddove.jpg
White-tipped dove

Order: ColumbiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Cuckoos

File:Guira cuckoo (Guira guira).JPG
Guira cuckoo

Order: CuculiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Oilbird

Order: SteatornithiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Steatornithidae

The oilbird is a slim, long-winged bird related to the nightjars. It is nocturnal and a specialist feeder on the fruit of the oil palm.

Potoos

File:Great potoo (Nyctibius grandis).JPG
Great potoo

Order: NyctibiiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Nyctibiidae

The potoos (sometimes called poor-me-ones) are large near passerine birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars.

Nightjars

File:Lesser Nighthawk.jpg
Lesser nighthawk
File:Common Nighthawk.JPG
Common nighthawk

Order: CaprimulgiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Swifts

File:ChimneySwift23.jpg
Chimney swift

Order: ApodiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Hummingbirds

Order: ApodiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Hoatzin

File:Hoatzin in Peru.jpg
Hoatzin

Order: OpisthocomiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Opisthocomidae

The hoatzin is pheasant-sized, but much slimmer. It has a long tail and neck, but a small head with an unfeathered blue face and red eyes which are topped by a spiky crest. It is a weak flier which is found in the swamps of the Amazon and Orinoco rivers.

Limpkin

File:Limpkin1.jpg
Limpkin

Order: GruiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Aramidae

The limpkin resembles a large rail. It has drab-brown plumage and a grayer head and neck.

Trumpeters

Order: GruiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Psophiidae

The trumpeters are dumpy birds with long necks and legs and chicken-like bills. They are named for the trumpeting call of the males.

Rails

File:Ampurpgall.jpg
Purple gallinule
File:Moorhen.jpg
Common gallinule
File:Aramides cajaneaPCCA20051227-2034B.jpg
Gray-cowled wood-rail

Order: GruiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Finfoots

Order: GruiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Heliornithidae

Heliornithidae is a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots.

Plovers

File:Southern lapwing (Vanellus chilensis lampronotus) 2.JPG
Southern lapwing

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Avocets and stilts

File:Black-necked Stilt.jpg
Black-necked stilt

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes, and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Sheathbills

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Chionidae

The sheathbills are scavengers of the Antarctic regions. They have white plumage and look plump and dove-like but are believed to be similar to the ancestors of the modern gulls and terns.

Sandpipers

File:UplandSandpiper23.jpg
Upland sandpiper
File:Tringa-flavipes-001.jpg
Lesser yellowlegs

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Seedsnipes

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Thinocoridae

The seedsnipes are a small family of birds that superficially resemble sparrows. They have short legs and long wings and are herbivorous waders.

Jacanas

File:Wattled jacana (Jacana jacana).JPG
Wattled jacana

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a family of waders found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

Painted-snipes

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly colored.

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Skuas

File:Stercorarius pomarinusPCCA20070623-3985B.jpg
Pomarine jaeger

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

Gulls

File:Large-billed tern (Phaetusa simplex).JPG
Large-billed tern
File:Tern-KayEss-2.jpeg
Common tern

Order: CharadriiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns and skimmers. Gulls are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with gray or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Sunbittern

File:Sunbittern (Eurypyga helias).JPG
Sunbittern

Order: EurypygiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Eurypygidae

The sunbittern is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae (sometimes spelled Eurypigidae) and genus Eurypyga.

Tropicbirds

File:Rtailedtropicbird8.jpg
Red-tailed tropicbird

Order: PhaethontiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

Penguins

File:Magellanic penguin, Valdes Peninsula, e.jpg
Magellanic penguin

Order: SphenisciformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Spheniscidae

The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.

Albatrosses

File:Black-browed albatross.jpg
Black-browed albatross

Order: ProcellariiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.

Southern storm-petrels

File:Oceanites oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg
Wilson's storm-petrel

Order: ProcellariiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Oceanitidae

The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Until 2018, this family's species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.

Northern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Hydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

Shearwaters

File:Fulmarus glacialis 1 2.jpg
Southern fulmar
File:Damier du Cap - Cape Petrel.jpg
Cape petrel

Order: ProcellariiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Storks

File:Jabiru (Jabiru mycteria) 2.JPG
Jabiru

Order: CiconiiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Frigatebirds

File:Fregata magnificens1.jpg
Magnificent frigatebird

Order: SuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Boobies

Order: SuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Anhingas

File:Anhingadrying.jpg
Anhinga

Order: SuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Anhingidae

Anhingas are often called "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape, and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Cormorants

Order: SuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage coloration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white, and a few being colorful.

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

Herons

File:Cocoi heron (Ardea cocoi) Pantanal.JPG
Cocoi heron
File:Agami heron (Agamia agami) juvenile.jpg
Agami heron

Order: PelecaniformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons, and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Ibises

File:Roseate spoonbill (Ajaia ajaja).JPG
Roseate spoonbill

Order: PelecaniformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

New World vultures

Order: CathartiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carrion.

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Hawks

Order: AccipitriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Owls

File:Brazilian burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia grallaria).jpg
Burrowing owl
File:Pulsatrix perspicillata.jpg
Spectacled owl

Order: StrigiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Trogons

File:Trogon-viridis-001.jpg
Green-backed trogon

Order: TrogoniformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colorful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage.

Motmots

Order: CoraciiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Momotidae

The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft and creating a racket-shaped tail.

Kingfishers

File:Green kingfisher (Chloroceryle americana mathewsii) male.jpg
Green kingfisher

Order: CoraciiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Jacamars

File:Rufous-tailed jacamar (Galbula ruficauda) male 2.JPG
Rufous-tailed jacamar

Order: GalbuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Galbulidae

The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America with a range that extends up to Mexico. They feed on insects caught on the wing and are glossy, elegant birds with long bills and tails. They resemble the Old World bee-eaters, although they are more closely related to puffbirds.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Puffbirds

File:Monasa leofleck.jpg
Black-fronted nunbird

Order: GalbuliformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Bucconidae

The puffbirds are related to the jacamars and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colors of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous, or gray, with large heads and flattened bills with hooked tips. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

New World barbets

Order: PiciformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly colored.

Toucans

File:Chestnut-eared aracari (Pteroglossus castanotis).JPG
Chestnut-eared aracari
File:Toco toucan (Ramphastos toco) adult.JPG
Toco toucan

Order: PiciformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Ramphastidae

Toucans are near passerine birds from the Neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colorful bills which in some species amount to half their body length.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Woodpeckers

File:Pica-pau PPreta 0605 7.JPG
White woodpecker
File:Dryocopus lineatus.jpg
Lineated woodpecker
File:Campo flicker (Colaptes campestris) female.JPG
Campo flicker

Order: PiciformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Seriemas

File:Red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata) head.JPG
Red-legged seriema

Order: CariamiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cariamidae

The seriemas are terrestrial birds which run rather than fly (though they are able to fly for short distances). They have long legs, necks and tails, but only short wings, reflecting their way of life. They are brownish birds with short bills and erectile crests, found on fairly-dry open grasslands.

Falcons

File:Southern crested caracara (Caracara plancus).JPG
(Southern) crested caracara
File:Aplomado Falcon portrait.jpg
Aplomado falcon

Order: FalconiformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

New World and African parrots

Order: PsittaciformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two to the back.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Antbirds

File:Pectoral Antwren.jpg
Pectoral antwren
File:Thamnophilus doliatus.jpg
Barred antshrike
File:Thamnophilus caerulescens gleaning.jpg
Variable antshrike

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Thamnophilidae

The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds which tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat small invertebrates that leave their hiding places to flee from the ants. Many species lack bright color, with brown, black, and white being the dominant tones.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Crescentchests

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Melanopareiidae

These are smallish birds which inhabit regions of arid scrub. They have a band across the chest which gives them their name.

Gnateaters

File:Conopophaga melanops.jpg
Black-cheeked gnateater

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Conopophagidae

The gnateaters are round, short-tailed and long-legged birds, which are closely related to the antbirds.

Antpittas

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Grallariidae

Antpittas resemble the true pittas with strong, longish legs, very short tails and stout bills.

Tapaculos

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Rhinocryptidae

The tapaculos are small suboscine passeriform birds with numerous species in South and Central America. They are terrestrial species that fly only poorly on their short wings. They have strong legs, well-suited to their habitat of grassland or forest undergrowth. The tail is cocked and pointed towards the head.

Antthrushes

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Formicariidae

Antthrushes resemble small rails.

Ovenbirds

File:Rufous hornero (Red ovenbird)(Furnarius rufus).JPG
Rufous hornero
File:Synallaxis spixi.jpg
Spix's spinetail
File:Synallaxis ruficapilla.jpg
Rufous-capped spinetail
File:Cranioleuca pallida.jpg
Pallid spinetail
File:Xenops rutilans.jpg
Streaked xenops
File:Grey-chested cacholote (Pseudoseisura unirufa).JPG
Rufous cacholote
File:Xiphocolaptes albicollis 802.jpg
White-throated woodcreeper
File:Dendrocolaptes platyrostris.jpg
Planalto woodcreeper

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Furnariidae

Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. The woodcreepers are brownish birds which maintain an upright vertical posture, supported by their stiff tail vanes. They feed mainly on insects taken from tree trunks.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Manakins

File:Manacus manacus.jpg
White-bearded manakin
File:Red-headed manakin (Pipra rubrocapilla) male.JPG
Red-headed manakin
File:Golden-headed Manakin.jpg
Golden-headed manakin

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Pipridae

The manakins are a family of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly colored, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries and insects.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Cotingas

File:Spangled cotinga (Cotinga cayana).JPG
Spangled cotinga

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cotingidae

The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges in tropical South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly colored or decorated with plumes or wattles.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Tityras

File:Masked Tityra 2.jpg
Masked tityra

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Tityridae

Tityridae are suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae, and Cotingidae. They are small to medium-sized birds. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain coloring.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Sharpbill

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Oxyruncidae

The sharpbill is a small bird of dense forests in Central and South America. It feeds mostly on fruit but also eats insects.

Royal flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Onychorhynchidae

In 2019 the SACC determined that these five species, which were formerly considered tyrant flycatchers, belonged in their own family.

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain coloring. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Vireos

File:Redeyedvireo17.jpg
Red-eyed vireo
File:Cyclarhis gujanensis.jpg
Rufous-browed peppershrike

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Jays

File:Cyanocorax chrysops 001 1280.jpg
Plush-crested jay

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Swallows

File:White-banded swallow (Atticora fasciata).JPG
White-banded swallow
File:Southern rough-winged swallow (Stelgidopteryx ruficollis ruficollis).JPG
Southern rough-winged swallow

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Wrens

File:Troglodytes musculus.jpg
House wren

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Gnatcatchers

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, which nest in bushes or trees.

Donacobius

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Donacobiidae

The black-capped donacobius is found in wet habitats from Panama across northern South America and east of the Andes to Argentina and Paraguay.

Thrushes

File:Rufous-bellied thrush (Turdus rufiventris).JPG
Rufous-bellied thrush

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Muscicapidae

The Old World flycatchers form a large family of small passerine birds. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing.

Mockingbirds

File:Chalk-browed mockingbird (Mimus saturninus).JPG
Chalk-browed mockingbird

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalizations, especially their ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. Their coloring tends towards dull-grays and browns.

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Estreldids

File:Estrilda astrild -Mairipora, Sao Paulo, Brazil -adult-8.jpg
Common waxbill

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or gray birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Old World sparrow are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Pipits and wagtails

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

Finches

File:Cmagellanicamvisible.jpg
Hooded siskin

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Sparrows

File:TICO-TICO (Zonotrichia capensis ) (2195772708).jpg
Rufous-collared sparrow

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Passerellidae

Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

Blackbirds

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful, passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds and New World orioles. Most species have black as the predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Wood-warblers

File:Parula pitiayumi.jpg
Tropical parula
File:Geothlypis aequinoctialis.jpg
Masked yellowthroat

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Parulidae

The wood-warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Mitrospingids

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Mitrospingidae

Until 2017 the four species in this family were included in the family Thraupidae, the "true" tanagers.

Cardinal grosbeaks

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Tanagers

Order: PasseriformesScript error: No such module "String".Family: Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly colored. As a family they are omnivorous, but individual species specialize in eating fruits, seeds, insects, or other types of food. Most have short, rounded wings.

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Notes

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ The SACC has split Nyctiprogne atifascia from Nyctiprogne leucopyga (Proposal 673) but has not assigned English names, so the proposal has not been implemented and the counts do not reflect the change.

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 30 March 2025. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved 30 March 2025
  5. ↑ a b Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 30 March 2025. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 30 March 2025
  6. ↑ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3. http://www.iucnredlist.org accessed 17 February 2018.
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Collar, N., P. F. D. Boesman, and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Glaucous Macaw (Anodorhynchus glaucus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.glamac1.01
  17. ↑ New Bird Species Discovered in 2014
  18. ↑ http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCproproster.htm SACC Proposal Roster
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

See also

External links

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Brazil&oldid=2210994"