Glossary of botanical terms
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This glossary of botanical terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to botany and plants in general. Terms of plant morphology are included here as well as at the more specific Glossary of plant morphology and Glossary of leaf morphology. For other related terms, see Glossary of phytopathology, Glossary of lichen terms, and List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names.
A
In the bud, Tetradenia riparia leaves have their upper surfaces turned toward the stem and the Template:Gli. The lower surface is Template:Gli ("away from the axis"), and the upper surface is Template:Gli.
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Welwitschia mirabilis presents an example of an Template:Gli growth Template:Gli unusual in so large a plant species.
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Schematic diagrams of the Template:Gli arrangement of the Template:Glis and Template:Gli in a seed of Erysimum (formerly Cheiranthus)
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Template:Glis on the surface of the stem of the Template:Gli of a strawberry
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Geranium incanum flowers are Template:Gli, having five axes of symmetry, as opposed to the two axes of symmetry of the Template:Gli flowers of most species of the related genus Pelargonium.
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Fern frond with Template:Gli leaflets
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Template:Gli stamens in flower of Gossypium tomentosum
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Watsonia flower slit open and with one Template:Gli bent upward to show its Template:Gli attachment to the petal
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Diagram of a coconut fruit. The Template:Gli (endosperm) is labelled Alb.
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Caffeine is an Template:Gli with four nitrogen atoms in its carbon skeleton.
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Rothmannia leaf with extensively Template:Gli venation
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Template:Gli flower of Sandersonia aurantiaca cut open longitudinally to show the Template:Gli, which comprises the Template:Glis surrounding the green central Template:Gli
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A Neea species, family Nyctaginaceae, presents an example of an Template:Gli: the Template:Gli and Template:Gli remain around the ripening fruit.
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Template:Gli flowers of oaks such as Quercus robur, being Template:Gli, have no need of being conspicuous to pollinating animals.
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Template:Gli bud of a Populus (poplar) shoot
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The apparently separate nuts of Ochrosia borbonica actually are Template:Gli Template:Glis, two from each flower.
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Template:Gli on the tips of the cone scales of Araucaria cunninghamii amount to spikes.
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Hairs on the leaves of Meniocus linifolius (formerly Alyssum linifolium) are Template:Gli and Template:Gli to the leaf surface.
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Template:Gli leaves of an unidentified Gazania species
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Template:Glis of cactus Gymnocalycium bayrianum emerging from the Template:Glis of the stem Template:Glis
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Seeds of a species of Blighia (ackee), one whole and one in longitudinal section, showing the pale Template:Gli
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Template:Gli of wild rye, showing prominent Template:Glis
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Anatomy of an Template:Gli and bristles on a species of the Australian grass Rytidosperma longifolium
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Template:Gli buds in leaf
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B
Template:Glis occur on the spines of some species of cactus, as shown here, enlarged.
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Template:Gli of Olinia ventosa, including a cross-section showing hard seeds in the pulp
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The Template:Gli compound leaves of the mopane tree, Colophospermum mopane, suggest the common name "butterfly tree".
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Cross-section of a Template:Gli of Arabidopsis thaliana, showing it to be Template:Gli, formed of two Template:Glis, morphologically a silique and not a Template:Gli
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Template:Gli leaf of Gymnocladus dioicus
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Structure of a Template:Gli compound leaf
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This African baobab, Adansonia digitata, has an enormous Template:Gli beneath a relatively modest Template:Gli that is typical of this species.
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The large, colorful Template:Glis of Bougainvillea are commonly mistaken for its petals.
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Template:Glis, fruits of Arctium species
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Template:Gli of a mature elm
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C
Dianthus chinensis has a Template:Gli growth habit.
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Structure of flower of an orchid in genus Praecoxanthus, with the Template:Gli labelled
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Bearded Template:Gli of a floret of the grass species Chrysopogon filipes
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Scanning electron micrograph of the Template:Gli at the base of the achene-like fruit of Zyzyura mayana, Asteraceae
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Dormant leaf buds of deciduous trees are commonly protected by imbricate Template:Glis that are shed when the bud sprouts.
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Male Template:Glis of Betula pendula
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The Template:Gli of Dioscorea elephantipes grows largely above the soil surface. Many species that form caudices grow them underground.
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Flowers on the trunk of Epicharis parasitica, an example of Template:Gli
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Some members of the Espeletia genus exhibit a growth habit that is Template:Gli.
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Moehringia growing as a Template:Gli on an overhanging cliff
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Template:Glis within the cells of the leaves of the moss Bryum capillare
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Not all Template:Glis are simple in shape. Chloroplasts of Spirogyra are helical within the tubular cells of their algal filaments.
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The so-called "fleshy leaves" of cacti, such as on this Opuntia tomentosa, are actually Template:Glis (branches). The true leaves are the Template:Glis growing on the cladodes, which on this young cladode are still fleshy.
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Curcuma pseudomontana with red Template:Gli bracts
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Pfaffia gnaphalioides flowers with basal Template:Gli hairs
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Template:Gli atop Muscari armeniacum, bearing sterile flowers
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The conical Template:Gli inflorescence of Aeonium arboreum is a compound Template:Gli composed of minor panicles, some of which are compound in their turn.
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California buckeye (Aesculus californica) has a Template:Gli leaf, the leaflets radiating from a central point.
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Casuarina equisetifolia male and female flowers and Template:Glis
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Template:Glis, one entire in its Template:Gli, one partly peeled to show tunic Template:Glis, and one split to show inner structure
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The Template:Gli of this Passiflora flower is a ring of purple Template:Glis between the Template:Glis and the Template:Glis.
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Template:Glis of seedlings of Koelreuteria. One plant shows the first new leaves above its cotyledons, and the rest show various younger stages of emerging cotyledons.
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Nymphoides crenata has Template:Gli leaf margins.
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Mimetes cucullatus, so named for the hooded, Template:Gli shape of its white flowers
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Murraya paniculata has leaves with Template:Gli (wedge-shaped) bases.
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Examples of Template:Glis of Fagaceae:
A: Quercus rubra B: Quercus trojana
C: Fagus sylvatica D: Castanea sativa
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C: Fagus sylvatica D: Castanea sativa
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Template:Gli leaves of Diplacus bigelovii var. cuspidatus
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Euphorbia milii is commercially grown for the aesthetic appearance of its brightly colored, Template:Gli-like structures called Template:Glis, which sit below the Template:Gli.
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D
Seasonal, healthy Template:Gli of Eucalyptus grandis outer bark
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A Template:Gli machine collecting fiber from leaves
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Template:Gli leaf of elm
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Template:Gli leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana
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Astragalus austriacus is regarded as Template:Gli because it has one stamen unattached to the main Template:Gli (bunch).
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The paired Template:Glis of a castor bean seedling (Ricinus communis) are typical of a Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli leaves of Brachylaena discolor differ in color between their upper and lower surfaces.
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Template:Gli opening in a Template:Gli of a cultivated Helianthus. They open progressively from the edge to the center of the disk.
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Template:Gli developing in tissue of carpels where they meet to form locules in the capsule of the ovary of Lilium
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Boophone disticha has conspicuously Template:Gli leaves.
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Template:Gli at the bases of the thorns of Vachellia drepanolobium, the whistling thorn, with visible access holes
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E
Plants of the genus Corydalis bear seeds with attached Template:Gli, which have various functions, commonly attracting ants. On some Corydalis species, elaiosomes that attract ants also repel mice.Template:Sfn
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Ficus lyrata is an example of a doubly-emarginate leaf with lateral and apical emargination; it also might be seen as a basally emarginate.
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Petals of Heracleum sphondylium are variously Template:Gli at their tips. Flowers in the middle of the inflorescence have slightly emarginate petals, whereas flowers at the periphery are so deeply emarginate as to be almost cleft in two.
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The pale Template:Gli emerging from the upper surface of the sprouting date seed is tiny in comparison to the Template:Gli, its main food supply, which comprises almost all of the rest of the seed.
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Iris pseudacorus has clearly Template:Gli leaves: narrow, straight-edged, sword-shaped.
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Tillandsia recurvata growing as a harmless, non-parasitic Template:Gli epiphyte on a tree trunk that is also infested with an epiphloedal foliose lichen
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Seeds or fruits are dispersed by Template:Gli when they stick to the fur of animals.
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The bases of Template:Gli leaves enclose later leaves on the stem.
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Sections of Template:Gli seeds
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Aloe marlothii flowers with stamens and stigmata of mature flowers Template:Gli from the mouths of the Template:Gli
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Astragalus falcatus has conspicuously Template:Gli pods; not many falcate anatomical structures are so markedly curved.
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Rhigozum obovatum bears its leaves in well-defined Template:Glis.
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Favolaschia calocera, the orange pore fungus, has conspicuously Template:Gli fruiting bodies.
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Emerging leaves of Oldenburgia grandis are heavily Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli leaves of Darlingtonia californica
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In the wild, the leaves of Fenestraria commonly are covered in soil, except for the transparent Template:Gli; this permits photosynthesis while reducing damage from exposure to intrense sunlight and herbivores.
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Digitalis ferruginea owes its specific name to its Template:Gli (rust-colored) flowers.
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Calochortus fimbriatus has Template:Gli flowers.
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The Template:Gli of Zinnia elegans is typical of many Asteraceae in that it includes two types of Template:Glis, ray florets and disk florets.
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Medicago sativa (alfalfa or lucerne) is an agriculturally important Template:Gli, grown in large volumes for forage, soil improvement, and other purposes.
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Template:Gli seeds of Physochlaina physaloides
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G
Template:Gli (red male antheridia and brown female archegonia) borne on a Template:Gli of a Chara species of green algae
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Longitudinal section of immature male pine cone, showing male Template:Gli (pollen grains) developing between the cone scales
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Template:Gli on the stem of Geranium dissectum
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The leaves, buds, and young stalks of Eucalyptus macrocarpa are Template:Gli, covered with a thick waxy Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli at the base of an Opuntia cactus spine
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Template:Gli of a grass species with a fairly large inflorescence
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Scanning electron micrograph of a stoma on the leaf of Haemanthus. The two lip-shaped cells on either side of the pore are the Template:Gli.
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Drops of Template:Gli fluid on the Template:Gli points fringing the immature leaf of a grapevine
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Examples of Template:Gli
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2-Cycas revoluta
3-Taxus baccata
4-Ginkgo biloba
RIGHT
1-Cupressus sempervirens
2-Sequoiadendron giganteum
3-Agathis dammara
4-Araucaria heterophylla
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Epidermal Template:Gli on plant leaves
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Multicellular hairs on the edge of a sepal of Veronica sublobata
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Markedly Template:Gli leaf of Salvia canariensis
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The swollen Template:Gli of Viscum capense renders the end of the branch stunted compared to the lower part of the branch.
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The fruit of Poncirus is a typical hesperidium.
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Template:Gli growth is common in Eucalyptus species with leaves that are isobilateral in the mature tree; they generally start life with dorsiventral leaves. Some of these saplings are in the transient stage in which they have both forms of leaves, dorsiventral on lower branches, and isobilateral above.
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The Template:Gli contrasts conspicuously with the rest of the Template:Gli in the seeds of many species. In the case of Erythrina species, the colors may be a warning that the seeds are poisonous.
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A Template:Gli forms below the fruits of Sassafras albidum.
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Flowers, fruit and Template:Gli of a Rhizophora "mangle" or Template:Gli. The apparent root of the propagule is in fact Template:Gli tissue developing from the Template:Gli. The new plant develops largely from this tissue, especially if it has successfully penetrated into mud in which the new plant can establish itself.
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I
Petals of Mespilus germanica are imbricate before the flower opens.
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Doubly Template:Gli compound leaf of Melia azedarach
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Deeply Template:Gli leaves of Pelargonium graveolens
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Template:Gli stamens of Hypericum
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Template:Gli pods of Libidibia ferrea; unlike most Fabaceae species, the plant depends on the pods being crushed by large ungulates to disperse the seeds.
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The leaves of Syagrus palms are 'Template:Gli folded, in contrast to many other palm genera with Template:Gli leaves.
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Stamens of Calotropis gigantea are Template:Gli at the base of the corolla.
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The Template:Gli veins near the margins of this leaf are outlined in white.
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Two of these three green Asteraceae Template:Gli encase unopened flower heads, and the third supports the open colorful head of emerging flowers. The imbricate phyllaries around the heads of this Malacothrix coulteri suggest the keeled scales of a snake, giving the plant its common name: "snake's head".
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This Begonia leaf shows unusual Template:Gli for a plant.
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Vachellia karroo bipinnate leaf
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".A. Rachilla
B. Pinnule
C. Template:Gli
D. Juga (plural of Template:Gli)
E. Base of petiole
F. Petiolary gland
G. Rachis
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Template:Gli leaf of Bauhinia glabra
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Jugate fruit of Tabernaemontana elegans
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One form of the Template:Glis of a pitcher plant
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Template:Gli leaf of Cucurbita maxima
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Typical Template:Gli at a node in a grass stem
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Unusually dense stand of cypress knees around the parent tree
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Template:Gli flowers of Prunella vulgaris
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Most Euphorbias are laticiferous and instantly exude Template:Gli when even mildly punctured.
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A Template:Gli on Juglans regia, showing the layer of corky protective tissue that remained after the leaf separated along the Template:Gli. It also shows the leaf traces of the Template:Gli that broke off when the abscission zone failed. The Template:Gli bud associated with the leaf shows just above the scar.
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The dark horizontal lines on silver birch bark are Template:Glis.
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Template:Glis of Lambertia formosa growing sprouts after a bush fire
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Template:Gli between the leaf sheath and leaf of a grass
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Template:Gli Template:Gli of a fruit Template:Gli. The locule walls split at the back, and the valves separate, bearing the septa on their centers.
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The Template:Gli (or lomentum) of Hedysarum occidentale splits into single-seeded segments along the visible lines of weakness when ripe.
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Template:Gli leaves
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Eucalyptus socialis, showing its Template:Gli Template:Gli, a single tree with several trunks growing from an underground Template:Gli
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Template:Gli from beeches on the forest floor
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Apical Template:Gli in root tip:
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showing statocytes with statoliths
3: Lateral part of the tip
4: Dead cells
5: Elongation zone
Template:Gli as seen in the cross section of a dicotyledonous leaf
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".A-Lower epidermisB-Lower palisade mesophyll
C-Upper epidermis
D-Upper palisade mesophyll
E- Spongy mesophyll
F-Leaf vein
Longitudinal section of Pinus ovule
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C=Template:Gli
D=Integument
E=Template:Gli
Template:Gli of a Selaginella
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C-Template:Gli
D-Template:Gli
E-Template:Gli
Template:Gli pods on Vachellia nilotica
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Fungal Template:Gli grown in culture dish
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Hoya carnosa secretes so much Template:Gli that it falls in drops if no pollinators remove it.
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The small green petals of Helleborus argutifolius act as floral Template:Gli. The Template:Glis function as Template:Glis.
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Some Senna species have extrafloral nectaries that attract ants to defend them from pests.
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Plant stem Template:Glis and Template:Gli
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Template:Gli leaves of Dovyalis zeyheri
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Open flower of Eucalyptus macrocarpa, next to a shed Template:Gli
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Template:Gli arrangement (phyllotaxis) of leaves
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Template:Gli leaves of Dombeya rotundifolia
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The thick trunk of Brachychiton rupestris accumulates moisture as a means of survival of droughts, and presents a marked example of a Template:Gli Template:Gli.
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This Curio articulatus is Template:Gli in that it has a disproportionately thick stem.
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A maple (Acer platanoides) leaf has Template:Gli venation, as its veins radiate out from a central point, like fingers from the palm of a hand.
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Asclepias physocarpa shedding seeds, each with its silky Template:Gli
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Doubly Template:Gli leaves of Delonix regia
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Stephania japonica is a vine with Template:Gli leaves.
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Template:Gli leaves of Smyrnium perfoliatum with stems passing through them
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The leaves of Aponogeton madagascariensis are Template:Gli.
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The Template:Gli of a moss (red in this case), also called a Template:Gli, surrounds the antheridia and aids in dispersal of sperm.
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Liquidambar styraciflua bud emerging from its protective brown Template:Gli Template:Gli scales, also known as Template:Glis
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Template:Gli glands on the petiole of a cherry leaf
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Rock-splitting roots of the Template:Gli large-leaved rock fig, Ficus abutilifolia
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The Template:Gli Template:Gli of the red flowering gum, Corymbia ficifolia, can attract pollinators such as the honey eater, Anthochaera chrysoptera, from a considerable distance.
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Seedlings of Acacia fasciculifera bear leaves that illustrate the ancestral function of their Template:Glis as Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli of the fruiting body of the fungus Pluteus admirabilis
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Glandular Template:Gli hairs on the stem of Aquilegia grata
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Template:Gli leaf anatomy showing a Template:Gli (or pinnule)
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Simple Template:Gli leaf of Ekebergia capensis
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Electron micrographs of sections of wood of a conifer (Picea abies) show Template:Glis in the tracheid walls.
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Longitudinal section of maize kernel (scale=1.4 mm):
A=Template:Gli, B=aleurone, C=Template:Gli, D=Template:Gli, E=Template:Gli, F=Template:Gli, G=Template:Gli, H=Template:Gli, I=scutellum, J=Template:Gli
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Template:Glis on a species of Template:Gli
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The sharp projections on the trunk of the knobthorn, Senegalia nigrescens, are Template:Glis rather than thorns, botanically speaking.
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Template:Gli growth habit of Sagina procumbens, growing mainly along the soil surface, but without rooting
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Carpobrotus and other Template:Gli plants growing on sand in Sicily, striking root and binding the soil as they grow
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Floral stages of the protandrous species: Geranium incanum. The flower at first has intensely colored petals, and both Template:Gli and Template:Gli. After a day or so in bloom, it sheds the stamens and the color of the petals becomes somewhat paler.
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Template:Gli glands on Artemisia nova are visible because they are not covered with epidermal Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli glands on the undersurface of a Plectranthus leaf
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Template:Gli Template:Gli ("fruit") of domestic fig
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Bulbinella latifolia Template:Glis. The flowers are already open at the bottom; at the top, the axis is still growing and budding.
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Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". A. Rachilla (the diminutive of rachis)B. Pinnule
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D. Juga (plural of Template:Gli)
E. Base of petiole
F. Petiolary gland
G. Rachis
Template:Glis emerging from germinating seeds
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Template:Gli kidney bean seeds
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The central leaflets of the Template:Gli leaves of Searsia glauca are oblate and commonly Template:Gli.
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Typical Template:Gli. This one is a specimen of Iris pseudacorus.
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Grafting kiwifruit vine Template:Gli onto Template:Gli below
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The Template:Gli lobes of a Taraxacum officinale leaf point downward, i.e. toward the stem.
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Template:Gli leaves of an Alocasia plant
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Template:Gli flowers of Plumbago auriculata
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Trametes versicolor, the turkey tail fungus, is a Template:Gli that consumes dead wood in forests. Its common name comes from the conspicuously patterned brackets, but the main body of the saprotroph consists of the largely invisible Template:Gli that penetrates the dead wood and digests it.
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Strawberry plants reproduce mainly by Template:Glis, Template:Gli such as these, often called Template:Gli; at their nodes the sarments put up tufts of leaves and strike root if there is any good soil beneath.
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Micrograph of the Template:Gli undersurface of the leaf of Stipa pulcherrima.
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Template:Gli bracts of Syncarpha species are as Template:Gli as tissue paper, but look like live petals for years, so they are known as "Everlastings" and valued for dried arrangements.
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Isolated Template:Gli or stone cell in plant tissue
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Sclereids in gritty particles of pear tissue
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Template:Glis on Geranium thunbergii, five separated behind the Template:Glis of an open flower, and a connected set enclosing an unopened bud
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Template:Gli leaves of Podalyria sericea, the silver sweet pea bush
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The fruits of Lepidium bonariense are Template:Gli, green and circular, with a notch at the apex.
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Template:Gli foliage of the silvertree, Leucadendron argenteum
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Template:Gli under the leaf of the fern Rumohra adiantiformis. Some are still covered by their Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli of Amorphophallus maximus within its Template:Gli. The female flowers are around the bottom of the spadix, the male flowers above, and the sterile top part is the major source of pollinator attractants.
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Drosera spatulata leaves are markedly Template:Gli.
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The flowering Template:Gli of this Salvia nemorosa differs from a Template:Gli in that the flowers are practically Template:Gli.
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Template:Gli leaves of Salsola australis: stiff, narrowed, and with lobes ending in spiny points
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Bird nest fungi, Nidulariaceae, bear examples of Template:Glis with spores that are spread by raindrops.
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Template:Gli of the fungus Rhizopus
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Template:Glis of Shepherdia canadensis
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Manilkara hexandra flowers have both Template:Glis with Template:Glis and Template:Glis that have no anthers.
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Template:Gli leaves are narrow with an elongated, tapering tip, as seen on this species of Aloe.
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The large, Template:Gli, Template:Gli, Template:Gli, Template:Gli mottled leaves of a Gasteria species and the small, succulent, Template:Gli leaves of a Crassula species contrast with the Template:Gli, Template:Gli leaves of a Hypoxis species.
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Template:Glis around the trunk of Dypsis lutescens
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Template:Gli (specifically polysulcate) grooves along the stem of Scorzonera cana
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Template:Gli ovary in an Aloe species. One flower is sectioned to display the Template:Gli and Template:Gli.
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The Template:Gli along the concave curve of the pod of a Crotalaria incana, along which the seeds are attached, is where the single carpel has folded shut.
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An undamaged Template:Gli of a Ficus species, plus two more cut open longitudinally to display the fruit within
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Leucaena leucocephala Template:Gli exposed in a roadcutScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Glis of Cucurbita pepo, some supporting the stem on the frame, some failing to find a point of attachmentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Nerine bowdenii, showing the lack of visible Template:Glis, and the Template:Gli. The sepals are incorporated into the Template:Gli as Template:Glis.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli raceme of Kniphofia shown together with a cross section of a peduncle. A: Template:Gli; B: Terete Template:Gli; C: Cross section of a terete peduncleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Gymnosporia buxifolia has true Template:Glis, that is, modified branches. In some species such branches are complete with buds and leaves.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Sweet potato Template:Glis exposed, showing them to be root tubers. Morphologically, they differ from stem tubers of potatoes, for example, in that root tubers do not have Template:Gli that bear buds. The root tubers of some species of plants, however, can produce Template:Gli buds for vegetative reproduction.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Oxalis tuberosa, a stem tuberScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli of Crocosmia bear typical Template:Glis formed of Template:Gli growing from the Template:Gli of the corm. The illustration shows still-living cataphylls as white tissue, whereas the functional, hard, resistant tunic is brown.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli (spinning top-shaped) roots of sugar beetScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Haworthia lockwoodii, with its leaves Template:Gli and green after seasonal rains, store water against the coming dry period.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli grasses on mountain slopesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli in the middle of the cap of Cantharellula umbonata
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Pitchers of the species Nepenthes ventricosa tend to be markedly Template:Gli.
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Photomicrograph of a cross section of a Template:Gli in the stem of a typical Template:Gli Template:GliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". A: Phloem
B: Cambium
C: Xylem
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Template:Gli, the pale grey membrane covering the mature part of the root of an Template:GliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Flower stalks and sepal tubes of Pueraria phaseoloides are covered with Template:Gli (Template:Gli) hairs.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli leaves and emerging branchlets of a Template:GliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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In this pollinarium the viscidium is the sticky lump in the middle of the yoke-like stipe connecting the two pollinia.
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Asparagus virgatus owes its specific epithet virgatus to the twiggy appearance of its Template:Gli shoots.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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The Template:Gli Template:Glis of leaves on Brabejum stellatifolium are unusual among trees in its native region.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Glied seeds of Catalpa bignonioides are nearly all wing. Tufts at the tips increase aerodynamic drag, thereby improving wind dispersal.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Leaves of some species of Citrus have winged petioles.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Senecio haworthii leaves have an unusually dense Template:Gli coat.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Template:Gli markings on the leaves of a garden variety of Pelargonium zonaleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Like most of the genus Pelargonium, and unlike most members of the genus Geranium, Pelargonium quercifolium bears flowers that are bilaterally symmetrical. Accordingly, because the yoke of an ox is bilaterally symmetrical, such flowers are said to be Template:Gli, which literally means "yoke-shaped".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
See also
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- Branches of botany
- Floral formula
- Glossary of biology
- Glossary of plant morphology
- Glossary of leaf morphology
- Glossary of lichen terms
- Glossary of mycology
- Glossary of scientific naming
- Plant morphology
References
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Bibliography
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External links
- Glossary at APweb
- A glossary of botanical terms (in English at Flora, etc.)
- Garden Web
- eFloras
- Categorical Glossary for the Flora of North America Project
Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew
Australia and New Zealand
- University of Sydney: Eflora—Glossary
- Florabase (Western Australia)
- Flora of Australia Online Glossary
- Flora of Australia Abbreviations
- Flora of S Australia
- Botany Word of the Day—Illustrated with New Zealand natives
- New Zealand Plant Conservation Network
Africa
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- Plants of southern Africa (Template:Webarchive)
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