Trametes versicolor
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Trametes versicolorTemplate:Sndalso known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolorTemplate:Sndis a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Owing to its shape being similar to that of a wild turkey's tail feathers, T. versicolor is most commonly referred to as turkey tail.[1]
Although polysaccharide-K, an extract of T. versicolor, is approved in Japan as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment,[2] it is not approved in the United States for treatment of cancer or any clinical condition.[3] Extracts of turkey tail or the mushroom itself are commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits, but there is no good scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.[4]
Etymology
Meaning 'of several colors', versicolor accurately describes this fungus that displays a unique blend of markings.
Description
The fruiting body is somewhat tongue-shaped, with no discernable stalk, and the tough flesh is Template:Convert thick. The cap is flat, up to Template:Convert across.[5] It is often triangular or round, with zones of fine hairs coloured rust-brown or darker brown, sometimes with black zones.[5] Underneath a layer of tomentum is a black layer, topping the whitish flesh.[6] Older specimens can have zones with green algae growing on them.[5]
The bottom surface of the cap shows typical concentric zones of different colors, with the margin always the lightest.[7] There are 3–5 pores per mm. They are whitish to light brown,[5] with pores round and with age twisted and labyrinthine.
Similar species
One similar-looking mushroom is Stereum ostrea (false turkey tail).[7]
Other similar species include Trametes betulina,[7] T. hirsuta,[8] T. ochracea,[6] T. suaveolens, Bjerkandera adusta,[8] Cerrena unicolor,[6] Lenzites betulina, and Stereum hirsutum.[8] Other species of Stereum are similar, typically with a smooth undersurface, as well as some species of Trichaptum.[6]
Ecology
T. versicolor commonly grows in tiled layers in groups or rows on logs and stumps of deciduous trees.[7] It is a white rot fungus which degrades lignin from lignocellulosic materials, such as wood.[9]
The species may be eaten by caterpillars of the fungus moth Nemaxera betulinella, maggots of the Platypezid fly Polyporivora picta,[10] and the fungus gnat Mycetophila luctuosa.[11]
Uses
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Trametes versicolor is considered too tough to eat,[5] but can be prepared in many ways, such as teas and powders. It has been most notably consumed in China for thousands of years under the name "Yunzhi" (Template:Zh).[8][12][13][14]
The species may be used in traditional Chinese medicine or other herbalism practices.[3][15]
Although polysaccharide-K is approved in Japan as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment,[2] neither the extract nor the mushroom preparation is approved or used in the United States for any clinical condition.[3]
It is commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits but lacks sufficient scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.[2][4]
Gallery
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Траметес разноцветный
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T. versicolor covering a stump
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Close up of T. versicolor.
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Color variation of T. versicolor on the same tree stump
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Pale specimens
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Brown variety
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Pale and brown varieties side by side
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Brown variety in higher magnification
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T. versicolor, pale variety
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See also
References
External links
- Trametes versicolor at Mushroom-Collecting.com
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