Bilabial consonant
Template:Short description Template:IPA notice In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a labial consonant articulated with both lips.
Frequency
Bilabial consonants are very common across languages. Only around 0.7% of the world's languages lack bilabial consonants altogether, including Taushiro,[1] Tlingit, Chipewyan, Oneida, and Wichita,[2] though all of these have a labial–velar approximant Template:IPAslink.
Varieties
Some bilabial consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are:
| IPA | Description | Example | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language | Orthography | IPA | Meaning | ||
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial nasal | Hmong | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Hmong |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial nasal | English | man | Script error: No such module "IPA". | man |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial plosive | English | spin | Script error: No such module "IPA". | spin |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial plosive | English | bed | Script error: No such module "IPA". | bed |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial affricate | KaingangTemplate:Sfnp | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'seed' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial affricate | ShipiboTemplate:Sfnp | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'small intestine' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial fricative | Japanese | Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "lang".) | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Mount Fuji |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial fricative | Ewe | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Ewe |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial approximant | Spanish | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | wolf |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial flap | Mono[3] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'send' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial trill | Pará Arára[4] | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'to throw away' | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial trill | Nias | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | lower jaw |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial ejective stop | Adyghe | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | meat |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial ejective fricative | Yuchi[5] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Template:Gloss |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial implosive | Kaqchikel | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'pot' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial implosive | Jamaican Patois | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | beat |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial clicks (many distinct consonants) | Nǁng | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | meat |
Owere Igbo has a six-way contrast among bilabial stops: Script error: No such module "IPA"..Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
The IPA chart shades out bilabial lateral consonants. This is because lateral consonants are defined as ones in which the airflow passes over the side of the tongue; the category therefore does not apply to labial consonants. (See also labiodental consonant, which very commonly have airflow at the side of the mouth.)
Other varieties
The extensions to the IPA also define a Template:Vanchor (Template:IPAblink) for smacking the lips together. A lip-smack in the non-percussive sense of the lips audibly parting would be an ingressive Script error: No such module "IPA"..[6]
See also
References
Citations
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Sources
General references
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