Aklanon language

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Akeanon, also known as Inakeanon, is an Austronesian language of the Bisayan subgroup spoken by the Aklanon people, the locals of the province of Aklan on the island of Panay in the Philippines. Its unique feature among other Bisayan languages is the close-mid back unrounded vowel Script error: No such module "IPA". occurring as part of diphthongs and traditionally written with the letter Template:Angle bracket such as in the autonyms Akean and Akeanon. However, this phoneme is also present in other but geographically scattered and distant Philippine languages, namely Itbayat, Isneg, Manobo, Samal and Sagada.[1]

The Malaynon dialect is 93% lexically similar to Aklanon and has retained the "l" sounds, which elsewhere are often pronounced as "r".[2]

Phonology

Aklanon has 21 phonemes. There are 17 consonants: p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n, ng, s, h, l, r, w, y, the glottal stop Script error: No such module "IPA"., and the voiced velar fricative Script error: No such module "IPA".. There are six vowels: the three native vowels i, a, and u, which are typical for a Bisayan vowel inventory, the additional e and o for loanwords and common nouns, and a distinct phoneme argued by Zorc (2005) to be a close-mid back unrounded vowel Script error: No such module "IPA"..[1] The voiced velar fricative /ɣ/ was also analyzed by Rentillo and Pototanon (2022) as having a voiced velar approximant Script error: No such module "IPA". as an allophone.[3]

Vowels

Table of vowel phonemes of Aklanon
Front Central Back
Unrounded Rounded
Close Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Mid Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Open Template:IPA link ~ Template:IPA link

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Stop Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Affricate (Template:IPA link) (Template:IPA link) (Template:IPA link) (Template:IPA link)
Fricative (Template:IPA link) (Template:IPA link) Template:IPA link (Template:IPA link) (Template:IPA link) Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Approximant Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link (Template:IPA link)
Flap Template:IPA link ~ Template:IPA link

Script error: No such module "IPA". from loanwords can also be heard as palatal stops Script error: No such module "IPA".. Script error: No such module "IPA". can also be heard as Script error: No such module "IPA". and can also alternate with Script error: No such module "IPA"..

Common phrases

Akeanon Malaynon English
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Hi/Hello
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Good morning
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Good afternoon
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Good night
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Good day
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Thanks
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I am fine
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Please
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Yes
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". No
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". None
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". How?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". When?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Where?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Who?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". What?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Which?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Why?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". How are you?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". What is your name?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Where are you going?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". When are you leaving?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". What time is it?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". How much is this?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". What is the price? (monetary)
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I will buy this
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are beautiful
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are handsome
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are kind
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are smart
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Let's go
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Hurry up
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Let's go back
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I do not understand
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I do not know
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I'd like cold water
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I am hungry
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Let's eat
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". The food is delicious
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I have no money
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are crazy
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". You are laughing
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". I need to use the toilet
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". We are going
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Where is your house located?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Where are you staying?
Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Take care

Philippine national proverb

Here is the Philippine national proverb in various languages.[4]

  • Template:Langx
  • Akeanon: Script error: No such module "Lang".
  • Malaynon: Script error: No such module "Lang".
  • Template:Langx
  • English: He who does not look back where he came from, will never reach his destination.

Numbers

Number Akeanon/Malaynon Hiligaynon Tagalog English
1 Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang". (Malaynon) Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". One
2 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Two
3 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Three
4 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Four
5 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Five
6 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Six
7 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Seven
8 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Eight
9 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Nine
10 Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Ten

Literature

Note: All these poems were written by Melchor F. Cichon, an Aklanon poet.

  • "Ambeth". Philippine Panorama, August 14, 1994.
  • "Emergency Room". The Aklan Reporter, December 7, 1994, p. 10
  • "Eva, Si Adan!" (Finalist Sa Unang Premyo Openiano A. Italia Competition, January 1993, Duenas, Iloilo)
  • "Ham-at Madueom Ro Gabii Inay?" Philippine Panorama, March 27, 1994, p. 29. (First Aklanon poem published in the Philippine Panorama), also in The Aklan Reporter, April 6, 1994, p. 8.
  • "Hin-uno Pa". The Aklan Reporter, February 23, 1994, p. 8. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 44
  • "Inay". Philippine Collegian, October 4, 1973, p. 3 (First Aklanon poem in the Philippine Collegian)
  • "Limog sa Idaeom". Ani December 1993, p. 48
  • "Mamunit Ako Inay". The Aklan Reporter, December 28, 1994, p. 10
  • "Manog-Uling". The Aklan Reporter July 29, 1992, p. 9. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 50
  • "Owa't Kaso", Saeamat. Mantala 3:97 2000
  • "Ro Bantay". The Aklan Reporter, September 6, 1995, p. 7
  • "Competition", March 13, 1998, UPV Auditorium, Iloilo City
  • "Sa Pilapil It Tangke". Ani December 1994, p. 46
  • "Toto, Pumailaya Ka". Pagbutlak (First Aklanon in Pagbutlak)
  • "Welga". Mantala 3:99 2000

Learning resources

  • "Five-language Dictionary (Panay Island)" Template:ISBN, 2003 Roman dela Cruz Kalibo, Aklan
  • "A grammar of Aklan". 1971. Chai, Nemia Melgarejo. Ann Arbor: UMI. (Doctoral dissertation, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania; xiv+229pp.)
  • "Aklanon". 1995. Zorc, R. David. In Darrell T. Tryon (ed.), Comparative Austronesian dictionary: an introduction to Austronesian studies: Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 359–362.
  • "A study of the Aklanon dialect" / Authors: Beato A. de la Cruz, R. David Paul Zorc, Vicente Salas Reyes, & Nicolas L. Prado; Public Domain 1968-1969; Kalibo, Aklan
    • "Vol.I Grammar" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201871 (Full text on ERIC)
    • 'Vol.II A Dictionary (of root words and derivations) Aklanon to English" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201889 (Full text on ERIC)
  • "The functions of ‘hay’ in Aklanon narrative discourse". 1990. Brainard, Sherri and Poul Jensen.
  • "A preliminary study of demonstratives in Aklanon narratives". 1992. Jensen, Kristine and Rodolfo R. Barlaan.

References

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External links

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