70th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 70th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1927, to March 4, 1929, during the last two years of Calvin Coolidge's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority - albeit reduced from the previous Congress - and along with President Coolidge, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta.[1] Template:TOClimit

Major events

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File:70th Congress Opens.png
Opening of the 70th Congress
  • This was the last Congress to be exclusively white and the last to not have a single black member of Congress in either chamber.

Major legislation

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Party summary

File:Membership of the 70th United States Senate by state.svg
Senate composition by state <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  2 Democrats (19 states)
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  2 Republicans (18 states)
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  1 Democrat and 1 Republican (11 states)
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The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

At the end of the first month of the first session of Congress, Republicans gained control of the Senate through a VP-tie-breaking majority.

Affiliation Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
 Total
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" |
Democratic Farmer-
Labor 		Republican Vacant
End of previous Congress 42 1 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 52 95 1
Begin style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| 47 1 46 94 2
December 20, 1927 46 93 3
December 29, 1927 rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 47 94 2
March 23, 1928 45 93 3
March 30, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 46 92 4
March 31, 1928 rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 47 93 3
April 4, 1928 46 94 2
June 24, 1928 46 93 3
June 30, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 47 94 2
December 3, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 48 95 1
December 9, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 47 94 2
December 10, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 48 95 1
December 15, 1928 45 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 49 95 1
Final voting share 47.4% 1.1% style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 51.6%
Beginning of the next Congress 39 1 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| 54 94 2

House of Representatives

Template:US Congress party summary

Leadership

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Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state.

Senate

Senators are listed by class. They were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1928; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1930; and Class 3 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1932.

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House of Representatives

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Members of the House of Representatives are listed by district.

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

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|- | Pennsylvania
(3) | Vacant | Election of William S. Vare was not certified by the governor and the Senate refused to seat him. | Vacant | Seat remained vacant until the next Congress.

|- | Illinois
(3) | Vacant | Senator-elect Frank L. Smith was not permitted to qualify and resigned February 9, 1928.
Successor elected November 6, 1928. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Otis F. Glenn (R) | December 3, 1928

|- | New Mexico
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Andrieus A. Jones (D) | Died December 20, 1927.
Successor appointed December 29, 1927.
Successor was later not elected to finish the term, see below. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bronson M. Cutting (R) | December 29, 1927

|- | Michigan
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Woodbridge N. Ferris (D) | Died March 23, 1928.
Successor appointed March 31, 1928.
Successor was then elected November 6, 1928, to finish the term. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Arthur H. Vandenberg (R) | March 31, 1928

|- | Ohio
(3) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frank B. Willis (R) | Died March 30, 1928.
Successor appointed April 4, 1928.
Successor was later not elected to finish the term, see below. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Cyrus Locher (D) | April 4, 1928

|- | Idaho
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frank R. Gooding (R) | Died June 24, 1928.
Successor was appointed to continue the term.
Successor was then elected November 6, 1928, to finish the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Thomas (R) | June 30, 1928

|- | New Mexico
(1) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bronson M. Cutting (R) | Appointee did not run to finish the term.
Successor elected November 6, 1928. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Octaviano A. Larrazolo (R) | December 7, 1928

|- | Ohio
(3) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Cyrus Locher (D) | Appointee lost nomination to finish term.
Successor elected November 6, 1928. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Theodore E. Burton (R) | December 15, 1928

|- | Delaware
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | T. Coleman du Pont (R) | Resigned December 9, 1928.
Successor appointed December 10, 1928, to finish the term. | nowrap style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel O. Hastings (R) | December 10, 1928

|}

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 15
    • Democratic: 1 seat net gain
    • Republican: 1 seat net loss
  • Deaths: 16
  • Resignations: 7
  • Total seats with changes: 23
District Vacated by Reason for vacancy Successor Date of successor's installation
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. Ambrose E. B. Stephens died during previous congress style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles Tatgenhorst Jr. (R) November 8, 1927
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ladislas Lazaro (D) Died March 30, 1927 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | René L. De Rouen (D) August 23, 1927
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Walter W. Magee (R) Died May 25, 1927 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clarence E. Hancock (R) November 8, 1927
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William N. Vaile (R) Died July 2, 1927 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | S. Harrison White (D) November 15, 1927
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Maurice E. Crumpacker (R) Died July 24, 1927 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Franklin F. Korell (R) October 18, 1927
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James M. Hazlett (R) Resigned October 20, 1927 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James M. Beck (R) November 8, 1927
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William R. Green (R) Resigned March 31, 1928, after being appointed to the United States Court of Claims style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Earl W. Vincent (R) June 4, 1928
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James A. Gallivan (D) Died April 3, 1928 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John W. McCormack (D) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Martin B. Madden (R) Died April 27, 1928 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thaddeus C. Sweet (R) Died May 1, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Francis D. Culkin (R) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas S. Butler (R) Died May 26, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James Wolfenden (R) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Nicholas J. Sinnott (R) Resigned May 31, 1928, after being appointed to the United States Court of Claims style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert R. Butler (R) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry R. Rathbone (R) Died July 15, 1928 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr Isauro Gabaldon Resigned July 16, 1928, after being nominated for election to the Philippine House of Representatives Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William B. Bowling (D) Resigned August 16, 1928, after being appointed judge of the 5th Judicial Circuit of Alabama style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | LaFayette L. Patterson (D) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Louis A. Frothingham (R) Died August 23, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Richard B. Wigglesworth (R) November 6, 1928
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas L. Rubey (D) Died November 2, 1928 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William Allan Oldfield (D) Died November 19, 1928 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Pearl Peden Oldfield (D) January 9, 1929
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Theodore E. Burton (R) Resigned December 15, 1928, after winning special election to the U.S. Senate Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Clarence MacGregor (R) Resigned December 28, 1928, after being appointed to the New York Supreme Court Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles L. Faust (R) Died December 17, 1928 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | David W. Hopkins (R) February 5, 1929
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward J. King (R) Died February 17, 1929 Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Royal H. Weller (D) Died March 1, 1929 Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

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Joint committees

Caucuses

Officers

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

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