Bilabial consonant: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Villaida removed stub template |
imported>PharyngealImplosive7 →Varieties: use language that has example |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
== Frequency == | == Frequency == | ||
Bilabial consonants are very common across languages. Only around 0.7% of the world's languages lack bilabial consonants altogether, including [[Tlingit language|Tlingit]], [[Chipewyan language|Chipewyan]], [[Oneida language|Oneida]], and [[Wichita language|Wichita]],<ref>{{ citation | last= Maddieson | first= Ian | date=2008 | chapter= Absence of Common Consonants | editor1-last= Haspelmath | editor1-first= Martin | editor2-last= Dryer | editor2-first= Matthew S. |editor3-last= Gil | editor3-first= David |editor4-last= Comrie |editor4-first= Bernard |title= The World Atlas of Language Structures Online |place= Munich |publisher= Max Planck Digital Library | chapter-url= http://wals.info/feature/18}}</ref> though all of these have a labial–velar approximant | Bilabial consonants are very common across languages. Only around 0.7% of the world's languages lack bilabial consonants altogether, including [[Tlingit language|Tlingit]], [[Chipewyan language|Chipewyan]], [[Oneida language|Oneida]], and [[Wichita language|Wichita]],<ref>{{ citation | last= Maddieson | first= Ian | date=2008 | chapter= Absence of Common Consonants | editor1-last= Haspelmath | editor1-first= Martin | editor2-last= Dryer | editor2-first= Matthew S. |editor3-last= Gil | editor3-first= David |editor4-last= Comrie |editor4-first= Bernard |title= The World Atlas of Language Structures Online |place= Munich |publisher= Max Planck Digital Library | chapter-url= http://wals.info/feature/18}}</ref> though all of these have a labial–velar approximant {{IPAslink|w}}. | ||
==Varieties== | ==Varieties== | ||
Some bilabial consonants identified by the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA) are: | |||
{|class=wikitable | {|class=wikitable | ||
| Line 87: | Line 87: | ||
| [[Mono language (Congo)|Mono]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Olson|2004|p=233}}</ref> | | [[Mono language (Congo)|Mono]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Olson|2004|p=233}}</ref> | ||
| {{lang|mnh|'''vw'''a}} | | {{lang|mnh|'''vw'''a}} | ||
| {{IPA|[ | | {{IPA|['''ⱱ̟'''a]}} | ||
| 'send' | | 'send' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 119: | Line 119: | ||
! {{IPA|ɓ̥}} | ! {{IPA|ɓ̥}} | ||
| [[voiceless bilabial implosive]] | | [[voiceless bilabial implosive]] | ||
| [[ | | [[Kaqchikel language|Kaqchikel]] | ||
| {{ | | {{lang|cak|'''b'<nowiki/>'''ojoy}} | ||
| | |{{IPA|['''ɓ̥'''oχoj]|lang=cak}} | ||
| | |'pot' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! {{IPA|ɓ}} | ! {{IPA|ɓ}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:42, 21 August 2025
Template:Short description Template:IPA notice In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a labial consonant articulated with both lips.
Frequency
Bilabial consonants are very common across languages. Only around 0.7% of the world's languages lack bilabial consonants altogether, including Tlingit, Chipewyan, Oneida, and Wichita,[1] though all of these have a labial–velar approximant Template:IPAslink.
Varieties
Some bilabial consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are:
| IPA | Description | Example | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language | Orthography | IPA | Meaning | ||
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial nasal | Hmong | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Hmong |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial nasal | English | man | Script error: No such module "IPA". | man |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial plosive | English | spin | Script error: No such module "IPA". | spin |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial plosive | English | bed | Script error: No such module "IPA". | bed |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial affricate | KaingangTemplate:Sfnp | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'seed' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial affricate | ShipiboTemplate:Sfnp | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'small intestine' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial fricative | Japanese | Script error: No such module "Lang". (Template:Transliteration) | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Mount Fuji |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial fricative | Ewe | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Ewe |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial approximant | Spanish | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | wolf |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial flap | Mono[2] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'send' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial trill | Pará Arára[3] | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'to throw away' | |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial trill | Nias | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | lower jaw |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial ejective stop | Adyghe | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | meat |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial ejective fricative | Yuchi[4] | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | Template:Gloss |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiceless bilabial implosive | Kaqchikel | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | 'pot' |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | voiced bilabial implosive | Jamaican Patois | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | beat |
| Script error: No such module "IPA". | bilabial clicks (many distinct consonants) | Nǁng | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "IPA". | meat |
Owere Igbo has a six-way contrast among bilabial stops: Script error: No such module "IPA"..Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Other varieties
The extensions to the IPA also define a Template:Vanchor (Template:IPAblink) for smacking the lips together. A lip-smack in the non-percussive sense of the lips audibly parting would be Script error: No such module "IPA"..[5]
The IPA chart shades out bilabial lateral consonants, which is sometimes read as indicating that such sounds are not possible. The fricatives Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA". are often lateral, but since no language makes a distinction for centrality, the allophony is not noticeable.
See also
References
Citations
Sources
General references
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Template:SOWL
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
Template:Articulation navbox Template:IPA navigation
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
- ↑ Template:Cite thesis
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".