Waco 10

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Waco 10
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Waco 10 giving joy rides.
Role light passenger transportTemplate:Short description
Manufacturer Advance Aircraft
Waco Aircraft Company
Designer Charles Meyers
First flight 1927
Introduction 1927
Produced 1927–1933
File:Waco 10 (GXE) 01.JPG
Waco 10 (or GXE) in the Canada Aviation Museum.

The Waco 10/GXE/Waco O series was a range of three-seat open-cockpit biplanes built by the Advance Aircraft Company, later the Waco Aircraft Company.

Design and development

The Waco 10 was a larger span development of the Waco 9, both single-engined three-seat single-bay biplanes constructed around steel-tube frames. The wing covering was fabric, and both upper and lower planes carried ailerons, which were strut linked. The two passengers sat side by side in a cockpit under the upper wing and ahead of the pilot, who had a separate cockpit. It had a split-axle fixed undercarriage and a tailwheel. The main undercarriage was fitted with hydraulic shock absorbers, unusual at the time on a light aircraft. The fin could be trimmed on the ground to offset engine torque, and the tailplane could be trimmed in flight. Initially it was powered by a Curtiss OX-5 water-cooled 90° V-8 engine producing Template:Cvt.

Its first flight was in 1927. It was numerically the most important type to be built by Waco, with at least 1,623 built over a period of 7 years from 1927 to 1933 and was fitted with a very large variety of engines of radial and V configuration.

Operational history

The Waco 10 turned out to have excellent handling, and there was a ready supply of war-surplus Curtiss engines. It was widely used for the popularisation of aeronautics through barnstorming and joyrides, and was also much used as a trainer and by small operators for charter flights.

Variants

In 1928, after the Waco 10 had entered production, Waco changed its designation system so that the basic model 10, powered by a Template:Cvt Curtiss OX-5 engine became the GXE.

File:Waco ASO NC663N HARM St Louis 10.06.06R.jpg
1930 Waco ATO Taperwing at the Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum near St Louis
File:Waco ATO CF-BPM.JPG
1929 Waco ATO Taperwing of Vintage Wings of Canada.
File:Waco CTO NC744H Beaufort MCAS SC 24.04.04R.jpg
1929 Waco CTO at Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort South Carolina

Later aircraft used three-letter designations, the first denoting the engine (except for the two mailplanes), the second denoting the wing installed, S or T meaning Straight or Tapered wing, and the final O indicating it was a derivative of the 10. An -A suffix indicated an armed variant intended for export.

Early
Designation		 Post-1928
Designation		 Marketing
Designation		 Engine Power
10 GXE 90 Curtiss OX-5 Template:Cvt
10-W ASO 220-T Wright J-5 Template:Cvt
10-T ATO Wright J-5 Template:Cvt
BSO/BSO-A BS-165 Wright J-6-5 Template:Cvt
CSO C-225 Wright J-6-7 Template:Cvt
CTO Wright J-6-7 Template:Cvt
10-H DSO Hispano-Suiza 8A or E Template:Cvt
HSO Packard DR-980 Diesel Template:Cvt
HTO Packard DR-980 Diesel Template:Cvt
JTO Wright J-6-9 Template:Cvt
JYM Mailplane Wright J-6-9 Template:Cvt
JWM Mailplane Wright J-6-9 Template:Cvt
KSO Kinner K-5 Template:Cvt
OSO Kinner C-5 Template:Cvt
PSO Jacobs radials Template:Cvt
QSO Continental A70 Template:Cvt
RSO Warner Scarab Template:Cvt
240-A Continental W-670 Template:Cvt
300-A 300 hp radial Template:Cvt

Apart from the water-cooled V-8 Curtiss and Hispano-Suiza engines, all of the rest were air-cooled radials.

Other engines were fitted experimentally, without unique designations, including the Rausie, Ryan-Siemens, and Template:Cvt Milwaukee Tank engine. This last engine was an air-cooled version of the Curtiss OX-5, and was intended as an aircraft engine.

The JYM and JWM were mailplane derivatives with a 14" fuselage stretch.

In the 1990s the unrelated The WACO Aircraft Company in Forks, Washington offered a homebuilt kit version of the ATO model.[1]

The WACO 240-A was a straight-wing fighter, built for export, powered by Template:Cvt Wright engine. At least six were bought by the Cantonese Chinese aviation services. They were armed with twin .30 Browning machine guns and had racks for five Template:Cvt or two Template:Cvt bombs.[2]

There was also an export model WACO Pursuit 300T-A, with Template:Cvt Wright or Wasp Jr engine.[2]

Military designations

D1W
Brazilian Navy designation for the CSO.[3]

Surviving aircraft

Year Model Serial # Registration Location References
1927 GXE 781 N312DC Gatlinburg–Pigeon Forge Airport, Tennessee
1928 GXE 1388 N6675K Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Maryland Heights, Missouri [4]
1928 GXE 1464 NC4899 Ohio History Connection [5]
1928 GXE 1521 C-GAFD Canada Aviation and Space Museum, Ottawa, Ontario [6]
1928 GXE 1554 NC6974 Eagles Mere Air Museum at Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania [7]
1928 GXE 1586 NC5852 privately owned and based at Covington, Ohio [8][9]
1928 GXE 1644/3065 CF-AOI Reynolds-Alberta Museum, Wetaskiwin, Alberta [10]
1928 GXE 1810 N6513 Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum [11]
1928 ATO A-4 NC5814 EAA AirVenture Museum, Oshkosh, Wisconsin [12][13]
1928 ATO A-20 N6714 Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum [14]
1929 ATO A-65 CF-BPM Reynolds-Alberta Museum, Wetaskiwin, Alberta,
previously owned by Vintage Wings of Canada, Gatineau, Québec		 [15][16]
1929 ATO A-103 NC906H Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Maryland Heights, Missouri [4]
1929 CTO A-118 N13918 WACO Aircraft Museum, Troy, Ohio [17]
1929 GXE 1801 NC7970 Has Curtiss OXX-6 V8 engine at Texas Air Museum - Stinson Chapter San Antonio Texas
1929 GXE 1869 NC8529 privately owned and based at Corning, Iowa [18]
1929 DSO 3006 N605N Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum [19]
1929 CSO 1657 N7662 Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum [20]
1929 CTO AT-3005 N516M Western Antique Aeroplane & Automobile Museum [21]
1930 ATO D-3128 NC663N Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Maryland Heights, Missouri [22]
1930 CSO 3140 N671N Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Maryland Heights, Missouri [4]
1932 CTO A-3596 NC280W Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Maryland Heights, Missouri [4]

Specifications (Waco GXE)

Template:Aircraft specs

See also

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Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

(Partial listing, only covers most numerous types)

Related lists

References

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Further reading

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Template:WACO Template:AvN aircraft designations Template:Authority control

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