List of autonomous areas by country
(Redirected from Territorial autonomy)
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This list of autonomous areas arranged by country gives an overview of autonomous areas of the world. An autonomous area is defined as an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy, or has freedom from an external authority. It is typical for it to be geographically distant from the country, or to be populated by a national minority. Countries that include autonomous areas are often federacies.[1] The autonomous areas differ from federal units and independent states in the sense that they, in relation to the majority of other sub-national territories in the same country, enjoy a special status including some legislative powers, within the state (for a detailed list of federated units, see federated state).[2]
This list includes areas that are internationally recognized, as well as some that are generally unrecognized.Template:Efn-uaTemplate:Efn-ua The definition of an autonomous area varies from country to country, so the native term as defined by the respective country's government is listed, and the English translation of the term is included.
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Autonomous areas
Created by international agreements
| Country | Native term Translation or equivalent |
Instances (areas became autonomous in the treaty and year(s) indicated, if available) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China (PRC) | Script error: No such module "Lang". (Chinese, an official language of both Hong Kong and Macau) região administrativa especial (Portuguese, another official language of Macau) special administrative region (English, another official language of Hong Kong) |
File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong (1997) Template:Efn-ua[3] File:Flag of Macau.svg Macao (1999) Template:Efn-ua[4] |
[5] |
| File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | itsehallinnollinen maakunta (Finnish) självstyrande landskap (Swedish) autonomous province |
File:Flag of Åland.svg Åland (1922) Template:Efn-ua[6][7] | [8] |
| File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | UK constituent country with devolution | File:Flag placeholder.svg Northern Ireland (1999) Template:Efn-ua | [9] |
| File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | autonome Provinz (German) provincia autonoma (Italian) autonomous province |
File:Flag of South Tyrol.svg South Tyrol (1946, 1972) Template:Efn-ua | [10] |
| File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel / Template:Country data Palestine | "سلطة الحكم الذاتي الفلسطينية المؤقتة" (Arabic) "Palestinian Interim Self-Government Authority" הסמכות המינהלית הפלסטינית (Hebrew) interim administrative authority |
File:Flag of Palestine.svg Palestinian National Authority (1994) Template:Efn-ua · Gaza Strip and West Bank Template:Efn-ua | [11][12] |
Notes:
- Template:Flagicon Svalbard, Norway: Although it does not fit the definition of autonomous area (not possessing partial internal sovereignty), Svalbard has the sovereignty of Norway limited by the Spitsbergen Treaty of 1920[13] and therefore is considered as having special status (as it is considered fully integrated with Norway, and not a dependency, it is a sui generis case).
- File:Flag of Helgoland.svg Heligoland, Germany: Although it is part of a German state, Schleswig-Holstein, it has been excluded from some European Union normatives, such as customs union and the Value Added Tax Area.[14]
- File:DEU Büsingen am Hochrhein COA.svg Büsingen am Hochrhein, Germany and File:Flag of Campione d'Italia.svg Campione d'Italia, Italy: Despite being integral parts of their respective countries, these two enclaves of Switzerland predominantly use Swiss franc as currency[15][16] and are in customs union with it.[17]
Created by internal statutes
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Dependent, overseas and associated territories with autonomy
All first level divisions are autonomous
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Sub-first level autonomous areas
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Other entities called "autonomous"
A number of entities are also officially called "autonomous", though they do not have an exceptional freedom from external authority, and would not fall under the definition of autonomous area. They are listed here for clarity.
Capitals called "autonomous"
Independent cities called "autonomous"
| Country | Native term Translation or equivalent |
Instances (areas became autonomous in the year indicated, if available) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan | Script error: No such module "Lang". village community |
File:Atarashiki-mura flag.svg Atarashiki (1948) | |
| File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | Script error: No such module "Lang". special autonomous city |
File:Flag of Sejong City, South Korea.svg Sejong | |
| File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal | Script error: No such module "Lang". holy city |
Touba | |
| File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia | krong autonomous municipality |
Phnom Penh · Sihanoukville · Pailin · Kep | [55] |
Self-declared entities called "autonomous"
| Country | Native term Translation or equivalent |
Instances (areas became autonomous in the year indicated, if available) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | Municipios Autónomos Autonomous Municipalities |
Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities (2020–2023) | |
| File:Flag of Syria (1932-1958; 1961-1963).svg Syria | Rêveberiya Xweser Autonomous Administration |
Template:FlagiconAutonomous Administration of North and East Syria (2012) | |
| File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia | Federación de Juntas Vecinales Federation of Neighborhood Councils |
Fejuve (1979) |
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See also
- Autocephaly
- Autonomous administrative division
- Dependent territory (includes list)
- Federated state
- List of administrative divisions by country
- List of leaders of dependent territories
- List of national capitals serving as administrative divisions
- List of sovereign states
Notes
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Olausson, Pär M. (2007) Autonomy and Islands: A Global Study of the Factors that Determine Island Autonomy, Turku: Åbo Akademi University Press, pp. 21–25
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- ↑ Template:In lang Edouard Gourdon, Histoire du Congrès de Paris, Paris, 1857, full text at google Print
- ↑ Later confirmated by the Act on the Autonomy of Åland of 1920 (which was later replaced by new legislations by the same name in 1951 and 1991) and the League of Nations in 1922 following the Åland crisis.
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- ↑ 1995 Oslo Interim Agreement. Text of the Accord
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- ↑ Article 6 of Council Directive 2006/112/EC of 28 November 2006 (as amended) on the common system of value added tax (OJ L 347, 11 December 2006, p. 1) Eur-lex.europa.eu.
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- ↑ Treaty of Moscow (1921) and Treaty of Kars (1921)
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- ↑ a b Included on the United Nations list of non-self-governing territories.
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- ↑ See section 3 and 4 about Nevis Island Legislature and Administration in The Saint Christopher and Nevis Constitution Order 1983. Published online by Georgetown University and also by University of the West Indies. Retrieved 8 August 2006.
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- ↑ Spanish (aka Castilian) is official in
- ↑ Basque is official in the Spanish autonomous communities of Basque Country and Navarre.
- ↑ Occitan is official in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia.
- ↑ Catalan/Valencian is official in the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, Balearic Islands Valencian Community.
- ↑ Galician is official in the Spanish autonomous community of Galicia.
- ↑ Asturian is recognised and protected by law in the Spanish autonomous community of Asturias.
- ↑ Aragonese is recognised and protected by law in the Spanish autonomous community of Aragon.
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- ↑ "Las autonomías indígenas avanzan a paso lento per seguro, entre consensos e interrogantes" Diálogos en Democracia, 21 March 2010 (Supplement to Pulso Bolivia).
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