72nd United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 72nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.[1][2] It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1931, to March 4, 1933, during the last two years of Herbert Hoover's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority. The House started with a very slim Republican majority, but by the time it first met in December 1931, the Democrats had gained a majority through special elections.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Constitutional amendments

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Republicans controlled the Senate through a VP-tie-breaking majority.

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House of Representatives

Affiliation Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
 Total
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" |
Democratic Farmer–Labor Republican Vacant
End of previous Congress 166 1 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 265 432 3
Begin 216 1 rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 217 434 1
March 16, 1931 215 433 2
April 9, 1931 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 216 432 3
May 12, 1931 216 216 433 2
May 26, 1931 215 rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 216 432 3
May 29, 1931 214 431 4
July 4, 1931 rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 215 430 5
July 13, 1931 213 429 6
July 18, 1931 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=3 | 214 428 7
July 28, 1931 212 427 8
September 9, 1931 213 428 7
September 29, 1931 214 214 429 6
October 13, 1931 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | 215 430 5
October 18, 1931 214 429 6
October 22, 1931 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 214 213 428 7
November 3, 1931 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2 | 217 215 433 2
November 6, 1931 214 432 3
November 24, 1931 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 218 433 2
December 1, 1931
Beginning of first session 		style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 219 1 214 434 1
January 5, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2 | 220 435 0
January 29, 1932 213 434 1
February 4, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 218 432 3
March 2, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 219 433 2
March 15, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2 | 220 434 1
April 1, 1932 212 433 2
April 5, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=4 | 221 211
April 21, 1932 210 432 3
April 26, 1932 211 433 2
May 31, 1932 210 432 3
June 14, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 220 431 4
July 23, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 219 430 5
August 14, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 220 431 4
October 5, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 219 430 5
October 7, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 218 429 6
November 6, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 217 428 7
November 8, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=3 | 220 212 433 2
November 29, 1932 211 432 3
December 3, 1932 210 431 4
December 13, 1932 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=3 | 219 430 5
January 7, 1933 209 429 6
January 8, 1933 208 428 7
January 28, 1933 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" rowspan=2 | 220 429 6
February 16, 1933 206 427 8
Final voting share style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 51.4% 0.2% 48.4%
Non-voting members 0 0 2 5 0
Beginning of next Congress style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | 311 5 117 433 2

Leadership

File:Charles Curtis-portrait.jpg
President of the Senate
Charles Curtis (R)

Senate

Majority (Republican)

Minority (Democratic)

House of Representatives

John N. Garner
House Speaker John Garner (D)

Note: Republican Nicholas Longworth, the Speaker of the House in the previous Congress, was Speaker-presumptive with his party's mere three-seat majority. However, Longworth died on April 9, 1931, and by the time the 72nd Congress convened in December 1931, Democrats had gained four seats from Republicans through special elections following deaths, thus becoming the majority party in the House. Democrat John Garner was subsequently elected as Speaker.[4]

Majority (Democratic)

Minority (Republican)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

Senate

  • Replacements: 11
  • Deaths: 6
  • Resignations: 1
  • Interim appointments: 5
  • Total seats with changes: 8

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|- | Vermont
(1) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frank C. Partridge (R) | Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term.
Successor elected March 31, 1931. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Warren Austin (R) | April 1, 1931

|- | New Jersey
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dwight Morrow (R) | Died October 5, 1931.
Successor was appointed and later elected. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William W. Barbour (R) | December 1, 1931

|- | Arkansas
(3) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thaddeus H. Caraway (D) | Died November 6, 1931.
Successor was appointed to finish the term. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Hattie Caraway (D) | November 13, 1931

|- | Georgia
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William J. Harris (D) | Died April 18, 1932.
Successor was appointed to finish the term. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John S. Cohen (D) | April 25, 1932

|- | Colorado
(3) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles W. Waterman (R) | Died August 27, 1932.
Successor was appointed to finish the term. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Walter Walker (D) | September 26, 1932

|- | Washington
(3) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Wesley L. Jones (R) | Died November 19, 1932 having just lost re-election.
Successor was appointed to finish the term. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Elijah S. Grammer (R) | November 22, 1932

|- | Colorado
(3) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Walter Walker (D) | Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
Successor elected November 8, 1932. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Karl C. Schuyler (R) | December 7, 1932

|- | North Carolina
(3) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Cameron A. Morrison (D) | Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
Successor elected November 8, 1932. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert R Reynolds (D) | December 5, 1932

|- | Georgia
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John S. Cohen (D) | Interim appointee lost election to finish term.
Successor elected January 12, 1933. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Richard Russell Jr. (D) | January 12, 1933

|- | Missouri
(3) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Harry B. Hawes (D) | Incumbent retired and then resigned early February 3, 1933.
Successor appointed having already been elected. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bennett Champ Clark (D) | February 3, 1933

|- | Montana
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas J. Walsh (D) | Died March 2, 1933
Seat remained vacant until next Congress | colspan=2 | Vacant

|}

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 23
  • Deaths: 24
  • Resignations: 7
  • Contested election: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 32

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|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Representative Henry A. Cooper (R) died in previous congress. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas R. Amlie (R) | October 13, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James B. Aswell (D) | Died March 16, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John H. Overton (D) | May 12, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Nicholas Longworth (R) | Died April 9, 1931 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John B. Hollister (R) | November 3, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Matthew V. O'Malley (D) | Died May 26, 1931. Because Congress was not in session at the time of his death, O'Malley never took his oath of office or exercised any of the duties of a Congressman. He was, nevertheless, serving in office from the beginning of his term on March 4, 1931. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John J. Delaney (D) | November 3, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles A. Mooney (D) | Died May 29, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Martin L. Sweeney (D) | November 3, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George S. Graham (R) | Died July 4, 1931 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward L. Stokes (R) | November 3, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles G. Edwards (D) | Died July 13, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Homer C. Parker (D) | September 9, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bird J. Vincent (R) | Died July 18, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Michael J. Hart (D) | November 3, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel C. Major (D) | Died July 28, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert D. Johnson (D) | September 29, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ernest R. Ackerman (R) | Died October 18, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Percy H. Stewart (D) | December 1, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Fletcher Hale (R) | Died October 22, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William N. Rogers (D) | January 5, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Harry M. Wurzbach (R) | Died November 6, 1931 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Richard M. Kleberg (D) | November 24, 1931

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James R. Leech (R) | Resigned January 29, 1932, to become a member of the United States Board of Tax Appeals | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Howard W. Stull (R) | April 26, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Percy Quin (D) | Died February 4, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lawrence R. Ellzey (D) | March 15, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel Rutherford (D) | Died February 4, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Carlton Mobley (D) | March 2, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Albert H. Vestal (R) | Died April 1, 1932 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Peter C. Granata (R) | Lost contested election April 5, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Stanley H. Kunz (D) | April 5, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | Félix Córdova Dávila | resigned April 11, 1932, to become Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico | José Lorenzo Pesquera | April 15, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frederick W. Dallinger (R) | Resigned October 1, 1932 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward M. Beers (R) | Died April 21, 1932 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joseph F. Biddle (R) | November 8, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George A. Welsh (R) | Resigned May 31, 1932, to become judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert L. Davis (R) | November 8, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward E. Eslick (D) | Died June 14, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Willa McCord Blake Eslick (D) | August 14, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry St. George Tucker III (D) | Died July 23, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joel W. Flood (D) | November 8, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Charles Linthicum (D) | Died October 5, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ambrose J. Kennedy (D) | November 8, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles R. Crisp (D) | Resigned October 7, 1932, to become a member of the US Tariff Commission | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Bryant T. Castellow (D) | November 8, 1932

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles A. Karch (D) | Resigned November 6, 1932 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James C. McLaughlin (R) | Died November 29, 1932 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Q. Tilson (R) | Resigned December 3, 1932 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel E. Garrett (D) | Died December 13, 1932 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joe H. Eagle (D) | January 28, 1933

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert R. Butler (R) | Died January 7, 1933 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel A. Kendall (R) | Died January 8, 1933 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Godfrey G. Goodwin (R) | Died February 16, 1933 | colspan=2 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

|}

Committees

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Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

Template:USCongresses

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