List of organisms by chromosome count

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Template:Short description The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms. This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype,[1][2][3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope. Attention is paid to their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, any differences between the sex chromosomes, and any other physical characteristics.[4] The preparation and study of karyotypes is part of cytogenetics.

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  Animals

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  Plants

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  Other Eukaryotes
Organism
(Scientific name) 		Chromosome number Picture Karyotype Notes Source
Jack jumper ant
(Myrmecia pilosula) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Myrmecia.pilosula.jpg 2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible. Other ant species have more chromosomes.[5] [5]
Myrmecia croslandi 2/1 2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible.[6] [6]
Spider mite
(Tetranychidae) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Tetranychus urticae with silk threads.jpg Spider mites (family Tetranychidae) are typically haplodiploid (males are haploid, while females are diploid)[7] [7]
Cricotopus sylvestris Script error: No such module "sort". File:Cricotopus sp. sylvestris group female Bytom.jpg [8]
Oikopleura dioica Script error: No such module "sort". File:Oikopleura dioica 2.jpg [9]
Yellow fever mosquito
(Aedes aegypti) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Aedes aegypti.jpg File:Yellow Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti) chromosomes.png The 2n=6 chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae, except in Chagasia bathana, which has 2n=8.[10] [10]
Indian muntjac
(Muntiacus muntjak) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Muntjac deer.JPG File:Karyotype of Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak).png 2n = 6 for females and 7 for males. The lowest diploid chromosomal number in mammals.[11] [12]
Hieracium Script error: No such module "sort". File:Yellow Hawkweed.jpg
Fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg File:Drosophila metaphase chromosomes female.png 6 autosomal and 2 allosomic (sex) [13]
Macrostomum lignano Script error: No such module "sort". File:Macrostomum lignano.jpg File:Karyotype of Macrostomum lignano.png [14]
Marchantia polymorpha Script error: No such module "sort". File:Moos 5772.jpg File:Marchantia polymorpha male karyotype.jpg Typically haploid with dominant gametophyte stage. 8 autosomes and 1 allosome (sex chromosome). The sex-determination system used by this species and most other bryophytes is called UV. Spores can carry either the U chromosome, which results in female gametophytes, or the V chromosome, which results in males. The chromosome number n = 9 is the basic number in many species of Marchantiales. In some species of Marchantiales, plants with various ploidy levels (having 18 or 27 chromosomes) were reported, but this is rare in nature. [15]
Thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana) 		10 File:Arabidopsis thaliana.jpg File:Karyotype of Thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana).png
Swamp wallaby
(Wallabia bicolor) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Image-Swamp-Wallaby-Feeding-4,-Vic,-Jan.2008.jpg File:Karyotype of swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor).png 11 for male, 10 for female [16]
Australian daisy
(Brachyscome dichromosomatica) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Brachyscome iberidifolia1.jpg This species can have more B chromosomes than A chromosomes at times, but 2n=4. [17]
Nematode
(Caenorhabditis elegans) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Adult Caenorhabditis elegans.jpg File:Karyotype of Caenorhabditis elegans.png 12 for hermaphrodites, 11 for males
Spinach
(Spinacia oleracea) 		12 File:Wurzelspinat02.jpg File:Karyotype of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. Mazeran).png [18]
Broad bean
(Vicia faba) 		12 File:Fava beans 1.jpg File:Karyotype of Broad bean (Vicia faba).png [19]
Yellow dung fly
(Scathophaga stercoraria) 		12 File:Fliege9012.JPG File:Karyotype of female yellow dung fly (Scathophaga stercoraria).png 10 autosomal and 2 allosomic (sex) chromosomes. Males have XY sex chromosomes and females have XX sex chromosomes. The sex chromosomes are the largest chromosomes and constitute 30% of the total length of the diploid set in females and about 25% in males.[20] [20]
Slime mold
(Dictyostelium discoideum) 		12 File:Dictyostelium Fruiting Bodies.JPG [21]
Cucumber
(Cucumis sativus) 		14 File:Komkommer plant.jpg File:Karyotype of cucumber (Cucumis sativus).png [22]
Tasmanian devil
(Sarcophilus harrisii) 		14 File:Sarcophilus harrisii taranna.jpg File:Karyotype of Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus Harrisii).png
Rye
(Secale cereale) 		14 File:Rye Mature Grain Summer.jpg File:Karyotype of Austrian rye (Secale cereale).png [23] Template:Rp
Pea
(Pisum sativum) 		14 File:Peas in pods - Studio.jpg File:Karyotype of pea (Pisum sativum).png [23] Template:Rp
Barley
(Hordeum vulgare) 		14 File:Hordeum-barley.jpg File:Karyotype of barley (Hordeum vulgare).png [24]
Aloe vera 14 File:Aloe vera 1.jpg File:Karyotype of Aloe vera.png The diploid chromosome number is 2n = 14 with four pair of long acrocentric chromosomes ranging from 14.4 μm to 17.9 μm and three pair of short sub metacentric chromosomes ranging from 4.6 μm to 5.4 μm.[25] [25]
Koala
(Phascolarctos cinereus) 		16 File:Koala climbing tree.jpg
Kangaroo 16 File:Macropus robustus2.jpg File:Karyotype of wallaroo (Macropus robustus).png This includes several members of genus Macropus, but not the red kangaroo (M. rufus, 20) [26]
Botryllus schlosseri Script error: No such module "sort". File:Botryllus schlosseri.jpg [27]
Schistosoma mansoni 16 File:Schistosoma mansoni trematodes.jpg File:Karyotype of Schistosoma mansoni.png 2n=16. 7 autosomal pairs and ZW sex-determination pair.[28] [28]
Welsh onion
(Allium fistulosum) 		16 File:Spring Onion.jpg File:DAPI stained Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) chromosomes.png [29]
Garlic
(Allium sativum) 		16 File:All Garlic Ail Ajo.jpg File:Karyotype of garlic (Allium sativum).png [29]
Itch mite
(Sarcoptes scabiei) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Sarcoptes scabei 2.jpg File:Chromosomal spreads of single itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei) cell - 17 chromosomes.png According to the observation of embryonic cells of egg, chromosome number of the itch mite is either 17 or 18. While the cause for the disparate numbers is unknown, it may arise because of an XO sex determination mechanism, where males (2n=17) lack the sex chromosome and therefore have one less chromosome than the female (2n=18).[30] [30]
Radish
(Raphanus sativus) 		18 File:Raphanus sativus subsp. sativus, radijs (1).jpg File:Karyotype of radish (Raphanus sativus).png [23] Template:Rp
Carrot
(Daucus carota) 		18 File:Baby carrots - jules.jpg File:Karyotype of carrot (Daucus carota).png The genus Daucus includes around 25 species. D. carota has nine chromosome pairs (2n = 2x = 18). D. capillifolius, D. sahariensis and D. syrticus are the other members of the genus with 2n = 18, whereas D. muricatus (2n = 20) and D. pusillus (2n = 22) have a slightly higher chromosome number. A few polyploid species as for example D. glochidiatus (2n = 4x = 44) and D. montanus (2n = 6x = 66) also exist.[31] [31]
Cabbage
(Brassica oleracea) 		18 File:Choux 02.jpg File:Karyotype of Brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera).png Broccoli, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower are all the same species and have the same chromosome number.[23]Template:Rp [23] Template:Rp
Citrus
(Citrus) 		18 File:Lemon, Lime and Orange.jpg File:Karyotype of Lemon (Citrus limon).png Chromosome number of the genus Citrus, which including lemons, oranges, grapefruit, pomelo and limes, is 2n = 18.[32] [33]
Passion fruit
(Passiflora edulis) 		18 File:Passionfruit and cross section.jpg File:Karyotype of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis).png [34]
Setaria viridis
(Setaria viridis) 		18 File:エノコログサSetaria viridis (L.) P.Beauv.P9130041.JPG File:Karyotype of Setaria viridis.png [35]
Maize
(Zea mays) 		20 File:Klip kukuruza uzgojen u Međimurju (Croatia).JPG File:C-banded karyograms of Maize.png [23] Template:Rp
Cannabis
(Cannabis sativa) 		20 File:Cannabis sativa leaf.jpg File:Karyotype of Hemp (Cannabis sativa).png
Western clawed frog
(Xenopus tropicalis) 		20 File:Xenopus tropicalis02.jpeg File:Karyotype of Western clawed frog (Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis).png [36]
Australian pitcher plant
(Cephalotus follicularis) 		20 File:Cephalotus follicularis 002.jpg [37]
Cacao
(Theobroma cacao) 		20 File:Matadecacao.jpg File:Karyotype of cacao.png [38]
Eucalyptus
(Eucalyptus) 		22 File:700 yr red river gum02.jpg File:Karyotype of river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis).png Although some contradictory cases have been reported, the large homogeneity of the chromosome number 2n = 22 is now known for 135 (33.5%) distinct species among genus Eucalyptus.[39] [40]
Virginia opossum
(Didelphis virginiana) 		22 File:Opossum 2.jpg [41]
Bean
(Phaseolus sp.) 		22 File:Phaseolus vulgaris MHNT.BOT.2016.24.73.jpg File:Karyotype of Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).png All species in the genus Phaseolus have the same chromosome number, including common bean (P. vulgaris), runner bean (P. coccineus), tepary bean (P. acutifolius) and lima bean (P. lunatus).[23]Template:Rp [23] Template:Rp
Snail 24 File:Grapevinesnail 01.jpg
Melon
(Cucumis melo) 		24 File:Cucumis melo 34.jpg File:Karyotype of melon (Cucumis melo L.).png [42]
Rice
(Oryza sativa) 		24 File:US long grain rice.jpg File:Karyotype of rice (Oryza sativa).png [23] Template:Rp
Silverleaf nightshade
(Solanum elaeagnifolium) 		24 File:Solanum elaeagnifolium.jpg [43]
Sweet chestnut
(Castanea sativa) 		24 File:Frucht der Edelkastanie.jpg File:Karyotype of Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa).png [44]
Tomato
(Solanum lycopersicum) 		24 File:Bright red tomato and cross section02.jpg File:Karyotype of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).png [45]
European beech
(Fagus sylvatica) 		24 File:Hayedomasaustral.jpg File:Karyotype of European beech (Fagus sylvatica).png [46]
Bittersweet nightshade
(Solanum dulcamara) 		24 File:SolanumDulcamara-bloem-sm.jpg [47][48]
Cork oak
(Quercus suber) 		24 File:ChampagneCorksLarge.jpg File:Karyotype of Cork oak (Quercus suber).png [49]
Edible frog
(Pelophylax kl. esculentus) 		26 File:Rana esculenta on Nymphaea edit.JPG File:Karyotype of Edible frog (Pelophylax esculentus).png Edible frog is the fertile hybrid of the pool frog and the marsh frog.[50] [51]
Axolotl
(Ambystoma mexicanum) 		28 File:AxolotlBE.jpg File:Karyotype of axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).png [52]
Bed bug
(Cimex lectularius) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Bedbug004.jpg File:Karyotype of male bed bug (Cimex lectularius).png 26 autosomes and varying number of the sex chromosomes from three (X1X2Y) to 21 (X1X2Y+18 extra Xs).[53] [53]
Pill millipede
(Arthrosphaera magna attems) 		30 File:Pillmillipede talakaveri.jpg [54]
Giraffe
(Giraffa camelopardalis) 		30 File:Giraffen.jpg File:Karyotype of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis).png [55]
American mink
(Neogale vison) 		30 File:American mink geograph.co.uk 2083077.jpg
Pistachio
(Pistacia vera) 		30 File:ARS pistachio.jpg File:Karyotype of Pistachio (Pistacia vera).png [56]
Japanese oak silkmoth (Antheraea yamamai) 31 File:Antheraea yamamai male sjh.jpg File:Antheraea yamamai karyotype.jpg [57]
Baker's yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 		32 File:S cerevisiae under DIC microscopy.jpg
European honey bee
(Apis mellifera) 		32/16 File:BeeCropped.jpg File:Karyotype of Honey bee (Apis mellifera).png 32 for females (2n = 32), males are haploid and thus have 16 (1n =16).[58] [58]
American badger
(Taxidea taxus) 		32 File:AmericanBadger.JPG
Alfalfa
(Medicago sativa) 		32 File:Graines de luzerne bio germées - 001.JPG File:Karyotype of tetraploid Alfalfa (Medicago sativa ssp falcata).png Cultivated alfalfa is tetraploid, with 2n=4x=32. Wild relatives have 2n=16.[23]Template:Rp [23]Template:Rp
Red fox
(Vulpes vulpes) 		34 File:Vulpes vulpes 2.jpg Plus 0-8 B chromosomes. [59]
Sunflower
(Helianthus annuus) 		34 File:Lule Dielli.JPG File:Karyotype of sunflower (Helianthus annuus).png [60]
Porcupine
(Erethizon dorsatum) 		34 File:Porcupine-BioDome.jpg [61]
Globe artichoke
(Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) 		34 File:Artichoke J1.jpg File:Karyotype of globe artichoke.png [62]
Yellow mongoose
(Cynictis penicillata) 		36 File:Yellow mongoose 1.jpg
Tibetan sand fox
(Vulpes ferrilata) 		36 File:Tibet Fox.jpg
Starfish
(Asteroidea) 		36 File:Nerr0878.jpg
Red panda
(Ailurus fulgens) 		36 File:Ailurus fulgens RoterPanda LesserPanda.jpg
Meerkat
(Suricata suricatta) 		36 File:Meerkat feb 09.jpg
Cassava
(Manihot esculenta) 		36 File:Manihot esculenta 001.jpg File:Karyotype of Cassava (Manihot esculenta).png [63]
Long-nosed cusimanse
(Crossarchus obscurus) 		36 File:Crossarchus obscurus Plzen zoo 02.2011.jpg
Earthworm
(Lumbricus terrestris) 		36 File:Regenwurm1.jpg
African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis) 		36 File:Xenopus laevis 1.jpg File:Karyotype of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis).png [36]
Waterwheel plant
(Aldrovanda vesiculosa) 		38 File:Aldrovanda vesiculosa.jpg [37]
Tiger
(Panthera tigris) 		38 File:Tigress at Jim Corbett National Park.jpg File:Karyotype of Siberian tiger.png
Sea otter
(Enhydra lutris) 		38 File:Sea otter.jpg
Sable
(Martes zibellina) 		38 File:Sable - 2.png
Raccoon
(Procyon lotor) 		38 File:Procyon lotor (raccoon).jpg [64]
Pine marten
(Martes martes) 		38 File:Baummarder 01.jpg
Pig
(Sus) 		38 File:Sus Barbatus, the Bornean Bearded Pig (12616351323).jpg File:Karyotype of normal male pig.png
Oriental small-clawed otter
(Aonyx cinerea) 		38 File:Otter - melbourne zoo.jpg
Lion
(Panthera leo) 		38 File:Lion Ngorongoro Crater.jpg
Fisher
(Pekania pennanti) 		38 File:Martes martes crop.jpg a type of marten
European mink
(Mustela lutreola) 		38 File:Europäischer Nerz.jpg
Coatimundi 38 File:Coati.jpg
Cat
(Felis catus) 		38 File:Kittyply edit1.jpg File:Karyotype of domestic cat (Felis catus).png
Beech marten
(Martes foina) 		38 File:Steinmarder 01.jpg
Baja California rat snake
(Bogertophis rosaliae) 		38 File:Bogertophis subocularis.jpg [65]
American marten
(Martes americana) 		38 File:Marten with Flowers.jpg
Trans-Pecos ratsnake
(Bogertophis subocularis) 		40 File:Trans-Pecos Rat Snake.jpg [66]
Mouse
(Mus musculus) 		40 File:Мышь 2.jpg File:Karyotype of normal male mouse.png [67]
Mango
(Mangifera indica) 		40 File:Mangga indramayu 071007-0327 rwg.jpg [23] Template:Rp
Hyena
(Hyaenidae) 		40 File:Spotted Hyena and young in Ngorogoro crater.jpg
Ferret
(Mustela furo) 		40 File:Furets albinos champagne et zibeline sable.jpg
European polecat
(Mustela putorius) 		40 File:Ilder.jpg
American beaver
(Castor canadensis) 		40 File:Castor canadensis.jpg
Peanut
(Arachis hypogaea) 		40 File:Arachis-hypogaea-(peanuts).jpg File:Karyotype of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea).png Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 40). Its closest relatives are the diploid (2n = 2x = 20).[68] [68]
Wolverine
(Gulo gulo) 		42 File:Gulo gulo 01.jpg
Wheat
(Triticum aestivum) 		42 File:Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Alnarp 1.jpg File:Karyotype of wheat (Triticum aestivum).png This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var. durum, and is a tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.[23]Template:Rp [23] Template:Rp
Rhesus monkey
(Macaca mulatta) 		42 File:Macaca mulatta in Guiyang.jpg File:Karyotype of normal male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).png [69]
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus) 		42 File:Rattus norvegicus 1.jpg File:Karyogram of normal rat.png [70]
Oats
(Avena sativa) 		42 File:Avena sativa 002.JPG File:Karyotype of hexaploid common wild oat (Avena fatua).png This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist.[23]Template:Rp [23] Template:Rp
Giant panda
(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 		42 File:Giant Panda 2004-03-2.jpg
Fossa
(Cryptoprocta ferox) 		42 File:Cryptoprocta ferox.jpg
European rabbit
(Oryctolagus cuniculus) 		44 File:Oryctolagus cuniculus Tasmania 2.jpg File:Karyotype of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).png
Eurasian badger
(Meles meles) 		44 File:Badger-badger.jpg
Moon jellyfish
(Aurelia aurita) 		44 File:Moon jellyfish at Gota Sagher.JPG [71]
Dolphin
(Delphinidae) 		44 File:Kentriodon BW.jpg
Arabian coffee
(Coffea arabica) 		44 File:Coffee arabica 12.10.2011 14-01-6.jpg File:Karyotype of Coffea arabica.png Out of the 103 species in the genus Coffea, arabica coffee is the only tetraploid species (2n = 4x = 44), the remaining species being diploid with 2n = 2x = 22.[72]
Reeves's muntjac
(Muntiacus reevesi) 		46 File:Formosan Reeve's muntjac.jpg
Human
(Homo sapiens) 		46 File:Akha cropped hires.JPG File:Human male karyotpe high resolution.jpg 44 autosomal. and 2 allosomic (sex) [73]
Olive

(Olea Europaea)

46 File:Olivesfromjordan.jpg
Nilgai
(Boselaphus tragocamelus) 		46 File:Nilgais fighting, Lakeshwari, Gwalior district, India.jpg [74]
Parhyale hawaiensis 46 File:Parhyale hawaiensis - adult female.png File:Parhyale hawaiensis - karyotype.png [75]
Water buffalo (swamp type)
(Bubalus bubalis) 		48 File:Water buffaloes bathing at sunset.jpg
Tobacco
(Nicotiana tabacum) 		48 File:Nicotiana Tobacco Plants 1909px.jpg File:Karyotype of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).png Cultivated species N. tabacum is an amphidiploid (2n=4x=48) evolved through the interspecific hybridization of the ancestors of N. sylvestris (2n=2x=24, maternal donor) and N. tomentosiformis (2n=2x=24, paternal donor) about 200,000 years ago.[76] [76]
Potato
(Solanum tuberosum) 		48 File:Solanum tuberosum 02.jpg File:Karyotype of Potato (Solanum tuberosum).png This is for common potato Solanum tuberosum (tetraploid, 2n = 4x = 48). Other cultivated potato species may be diploid (2n = 2x = 24), triploid (2n = 3x = 36), tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48), or pentaploid (2n = 5x = 60).[77] Wild relatives mostly have 2n=24.[23]Template:Rp [77]
Orangutan
(Pongo) 		48 File:Orang Utan, Semenggok Forest Reserve, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia.JPG File:Karyotype of Orangutan (Pongo).png
Hare
(Lepus) 		48 File:Polarhase 1 1997-08-04.jpg [78][79]
Gorilla
(Gorilla) 		48 File:Gorillas in Uganda-1, by Fiver Löcker.jpg
Deer mouse
(Peromyscus maniculatus) 		48 File:Peromyscus maniculatus.jpg
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes) 		48 File:Lightmatter chimp.jpg File:Karyotype of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).png [80]
Eurasian beaver
(Castor fiber) 		48 File:Beaver pho34.jpg
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio) 		50 File:Zebrafisch.jpg File:Karyotype of zebrafish (Danio rerio).png [81]
Woodland hedgehogs
Erinaceus 		48 File:Erinaceus europeaus (DarkAn9el).jpg [82]
African hedgehogs
Atelerix 		48 File:Igel01.jpg [82]
Water buffalo (Riverine type)
(Bubalus bubalis) 		50 File:Water buffaloes in Wuyishan Wufu 2012.08.24 15-46-30.jpg File:Karyotype of female Nili Ravi buffalo.png
Striped skunk
(Mephitis mephitis) 		50 File:Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis) DSC 0030.jpg
Pineapple
(Ananas comosus) 		50 File:Pineapple victoria dsc07770.jpg [23] Template:Rp
Kit fox
(Vulpes macrotis) 		50 File:Vulpes macrotis mutica with pups.jpg
Spectacled bear
(Tremarctos ornatus) 		52 File:Urso-de-óculos no Zoológico de Sorocaba.JPG
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus) 		52 File:Platypus BrokenRiver QLD Australia.jpg File:Karyotype of male platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus).png Ten sex chromosomes. Males have X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5, females have X1X1X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5.[83] [84]
Upland cotton
(Gossypium hirsutum) 		52 File:CottonPlant.JPG File:Karyotype of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).png This is for the cultivated species G. hirsutum (allotetraploid, 2n=4x=52). This species accounts for 90% of the world cotton production. Among 50 species in the genus Gossypium, 45 are diploid (2n = 2x = 26) and 5 are allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 52).[85] [85]
Sheep
(Ovis aries) 		54 File:Sheep norwegian dala.jpg File:Karyotype of sheep (Ovis aries).png
Hyrax
(Hyracoidea) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Procavia-capensis-Frontal.JPG File:Karyotype of rock hyrax (Procavia capensis).png Hyraxes were considered to be the closest living relatives of elephants,[86] but sirenians have been found to be more closely related to elephants. [87]
Raccoon dog
(Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) 		54 File:Nyctereutes procyonoides 4 (Piotr Kuczynski).jpg File:Karyotype of Chinese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides).png This number is for common raccoon dog (N. p. procyonoides), 2n=54+B(0–4). On the other hand, Japanese raccoon dog (N. p. viverrinus) with 2n=38+B(0–8). Here, B represents B chromosome and its variation in the number between individuals.[88][89] [88]
Capuchin monkey
(Cebinae) 		54 File:Cebus capucinus, Costa Rica.JPG [90]
Silkworm
(Bombyx mori) 		56 File:Pairedmoths.jpg File:Karyotype of Silkworm (Bombyx mori).png This is for the species mulberry silkworm, B. mori (2n=56). Probably more than 99% of the world's commercial silk today come from this species.[91] Other silk producing moths, called non-mulberry silkworms, have various chromosome numbers. (e.g. Samia cynthia with 2n=25–28,[92] Antheraea pernyi with 2n=98.[93]) [94]
Strawberry
(Fragaria × ananassa) 		56 File:Fragaria × ananassa.JPG File:Karyotype of Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana ssp glauca).png This number is octoploid, main cultivated species Fragaria × ananassa (2n = 8x = 56). In genus Fragaria, basic chromosome number is seven (x = 7) and multiple levels of ploidy, ranging from diploid (2n = 2x = 14) to decaploid (F. iturupensis, 2n = 10x = 70), are known.[95] [95]
Gaur
(Bos gaurus) 		56 File:Bos gaurus.jpeg
Elephant
(Elephantidae) 		56 File:Elephant near ndutu.jpg
†Woolly mammoth
(Mammuthus primigenius) 		58 File:Mamut lanudo cropped.jpg extinct; tissue from a frozen carcass
Domestic yak
(Bos grunniens) 		60 File:Bos grunniens - Syracuse Zoo.jpg
Goat
(Capra hircus) 		60 File:Hausziege 04.jpg File:Karyotype of normal male goat.png
Cattle
(Bos taurus) 		60 File:20100516 Vacas Vilarromarís, Oroso-8-1.jpg File:Karyotype of cattle.PNG
American bison
(Bison bison) 		60 File:American bison k5680-1.jpg
Sable antelope
(Hippotragus niger) 		60 File:Sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) adult male.jpg [96]
Bengal fox
(Vulpes bengalensis) 		60 File:Indianfox.jpg
Gypsy moth
(Lymantria dispar dispar) 		62 File:Lymantria dispar MHNT Fronton Male.jpg
Donkey
(Equus asinus) 		62 File:Donkey 1 arp 750px.jpg
Scarlet macaw
(Ara macao) 		62–64 File:Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao) -Panama-8a.jpg File:Karyotype of Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao).png [97]
Mule 63 File:Juancito.jpg semi-infertile (odd number of chromosomes – between donkey (62) and horse (64) makes meiosis much more difficult)
Guinea pig
(Cavia porcellus) 		64 File:Two adult Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus).jpg File:G-banded karyotype of female guinea pig (Cavia porcellus).png
Spotted skunk
(Spilogale x) 		64 File:Spilogale gracilis.jpg
Horse
(Equus caballus) 		64 File:LaMirage body07.jpg File:Karyotype of male Marajoara Horse (Equus Caballus).png
Fennec fox
(Vulpes zerda) 		64 File:Fennec Foxes.jpg [98]
Echidna
(Tachyglossidae) 		63/64 File:Ameisenigel.jpg 63 (X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5, male) and 64 (X1X1X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5, female)[99]
Chinchilla
(Chinchilla lanigera) 		64 File:Chinchilla lanigera.jpg [61]
Nine-banded armadillo
(Dasypus novemcinctus) 		64 File:Nine-banded Armadillo.jpg File:Karyotype of nine-banded armadillo.png [100]
Gray fox
(Urocyon cinereoargenteus) 		66 File:Urocyon cinereoargenteus.jpg [98]
Red deer
(Cervus elaphus) 		68 File:Zoo-Dortmund-IMG 5549-a.jpg
Elk (wapiti)
(Cervus canadensis) 		68 File:2007-Tule-elk-rut.jpg
Roadside hawk
(Rupornis magnirostris) 		68 File:Buteo magnirostris -Goias -Brazil-8.jpg File:Karyotype of roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris).png [101]
White-tailed deer
(Odocoileus virginianus) 		70 File:White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) grazing - 20050809.jpg
Black nightshade
(Solanum nigrum) 		72 File:Solanum nigra bgiu.jpg [102]
Tropical blue bamboo
(Bambusa chungii) 		64–72 File:Bambusa chungii close up view of the stem in HK.JPG [103]
Bat-eared fox
(Otocyon megalotis) 		72 File:Otocyon megalotis (Namibia).jpg [98]
Sun bear
(Helarctos malayanus) 		74 File:Sitting sun bear.jpg
Sloth bear
(Melursus ursinus) 		74 File:Sloth Bear Washington DC.JPG
Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus) 		74 File:Polar Bear - Alaska.jpg
Brown bear
(Ursus arctos) 		74 File:Brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) running.jpg
Asian black bear
(Ursus thibetanus) 		74 File:Kragenbär.jpg
American black bear
(Ursus americanus) 		74 File:Ursus americanus sequoia forest 2003-09-21.jpg
Bush dog
(Speothos venaticus) 		74 File:Speothos venaticus Zoo Praha 2011-5 (cropped).jpg
Maned wolf
(Chrysocyon brachyurus) 		76 File:Chrysocyon.brachyurus.jpg
Gray wolf
(Canis lupus) 		78 File:Canis lupus 265b.jpg
Golden jackal
(Canis aureus) 		78 File:Golden wolf sa02.jpg [98]
Dove
(Columbidae) 		78 File:Rock dove - natures pics.jpg Based on African collared dove [104]
Dog
(Canis familiaris) 		78 File:Boddhi the mixed-breed dog.jpg File:Karyotype of Dog (Canis lupus familiaris).png Normal dog karyotype is composed of 38 pairs of acrocentric autosomes and two metacentric sex chromosomes.[105][106] [107]
Dingo
(Canis familiaris) 		78 File:Canis lupus dingo - cleland wildlife park.JPG [98]
Dhole
(Cuon alpinus) 		78 File:Cuon.alpinus-cut.jpg
Coyote
(Canis latrans) 		78 File:Coyote by Rebecca Richardson.jpg [98]
Chicken
(Gallus gallus domesticus) 		78 File:Female pair.jpg File:Karyotype of chicken (Gallus gallus).png
African wild dog
(Lycaon pictus) 		78 File:Lycaon pictus (Temminck, 1820).jpg [98]
Tropical pitcher plant
(Nepenthes rafflesiana) 		78 File:Pahangraff3.jpg [37]
Turkey
(Meleagris) 		80 File:Wild turkey eastern us.jpg [108]
Sugarcane
(Saccharum officinarum) 		80 File:Cut sugarcane.jpg File:Karyotype of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum LA Purple).png This is for S. officinarum (octoploid, 2n = 8× = 80).[109] About 70% of the world's sugar comes from this species.[110] Other species in the genus Saccharum, collectively known as sugarcane, have chromosome numbers in the range 2n=40–128.[111] [109]
Pigeon
(Columbidae) 		80 File:Paloma en la Ciudad de México.JPG [112]
Azure-winged magpie
(Cyanopica cyanus) 		80 File:Cyanopica cyanus Yokohama 5.jpg [113]
Great white shark
(Carcharodon carcharias) 		82 File:Carcharodon carcharias.jpg [114]
Bloody crane's-bill
(Geranium sanguineum) 		84 File:Geranium sanguineum - verev kurereha.jpg [115]
Moonworts
(Botrychium) 		90 File:Botrychium-4.jpg
Grape fern
(Sceptridium) 		90 File:Botrychium multifidum.jpg
Pittier's crab-eating rat
(Ichthyomys pittieri) 		92 File:Ichthyomys hydrobates soderstromi Smit.jpg Previously thought to be the highest number in mammals, tied with Anotomys leander. [116]
Prawn
(Penaeus semisulcatus) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Penaeus monodon.jpg [117]
Aquatic rat
(Anotomys leander) 		92 File:Muskrat swimming Ottawa.jpg Previously thought to be the highest number in mammals, tied with Ichthyomys pittieri. [116]
Kamraj (fern)
(Helminthostachys zeylanica) 		94 File:Helminthostachys zeylanica.jpg
Crucian carp
(Carassius carassius) 		100 File:Cyprinus carpio.jpeg File:Karyotype of crucian carp (Carassius carassius).png [118]
Red viscacha rat
(Tympanoctomys barrerae) 		102 File:Tympanoctomys barrerae.jpg File:Metaphase spread of the Viscacha rat (Tympanoctomys barrerae).jpg Highest number known in mammals, thought to be a tetraploid[119] or allotetraploid.[120] [121]
Walking catfish
(Clarias batrachus) 		104 File:Clarias batrachus.jpg File:Karyotype of walking catfish (Clarias batrachus).png [122]
American paddlefish
(Polyodon spathula) 		120 File:Paddlefish underwater.jpeg File:Karyotype of North American paddlefish (Polyodon spathula).png [123]
Limestone fern
(Gymnocarpium robertianum) 		160 File:Gymnocarpium robertianum, Ireland.jpg Tetraploid (2n = 4x = 160) [124]
African baobab
(Adansonia digitata) 		168 File:Baobab and elephant, Tanzania.jpg Also known as the "tree of life". 2n = 4x = 168 [125]
Northern lampreys
(Petromyzontidae) 		174 File:Petromyzon marinus2.jpg [126]
Rattlesnake fern
(Botrypus virginianus) 		184 File:Botrychium virginianum.JPG [127]
Red king crab
(Paralithodes camtschaticus) 		208 File:Paralithodes camtschaticus, 1.jpg
Field horsetail
(Equisetum arvense) 		216 File:Equisetum arvense foliage.jpg
Agrodiaetus butterfly
(Agrodiaetus shahrami) 		268 File:Bläuling auf einer Distel.jpg This insect has one of the highest chromosome numbers among all animals. [128]
Black mulberry
(Morus nigra) 		308 File:Morus-nigra.JPG Highest ploidy among plants, 22-ploid (2n = 22x = 308)[129] [130]
Atlas blue
(Polyommatus atlantica) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:PolyommatusAtlanticaMMUpUnAC1.jpg File:Karyotype of Atlas blue (Polyommatus atlanticus).png 2n = c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".–452. Highest number of chromosomes in the non-polyploid eukaryotic organisms.[131] [131]
Adders-tongue
(Ophioglossum reticulatum) 		1260 File:Ophioglossum closeup.jpg n=120–720 with a high degree of polyploidization.[132] Ophioglossum reticulatum n=720 in hexaploid species, 2n=1260 in decaploid species.[133]
Ciliated protozoa
(Tetrahymena thermophila) 		Script error: No such module "sort". File:Tetrahymena thermophila.png 50x = 12,500 (in macronucleus, except minichromosomes)
10,000x = 10,000 (macronuclear minichromosomes)[134]
Ciliated protozoa
(Sterkiella histriomuscorum) 		16000[135] File:Oxytricha trifallax.jpg Macronuclear "nanochromosomes"; ampliploid. MAC chromosomes × 1900 ploidy level = 2.964 × 107 chromosomes [136][137][138]

References

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  1. ↑ Concise Oxford Dictionary
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  6. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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Further reading

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (table with a compilation of haploid chromosome number of many algae and protozoa, in column "HAP").
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". Supporting Data Set, with information on ploidy level and number of chromosomes of several protists)

External links

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