List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes

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Template:Short description Template:Refimprove Submarines of the Soviet Navy were developed by numbered "projects", which were sometimes but not always given names. During the Cold War, NATO nations referred to these classes by NATO reporting names, based on intelligence data, which did not always correspond with the projects. See:

The NATO reporting names were based on the British (and later American) habit of naming submarines with a letter of the alphabet indicating the class, followed by a serial number of that class. The names are the radiotelephonic alphabet call sign of a letter of the alphabet. For security purposes, the "pennant numbers" of Soviet submarines were not sequential, any more than those of Soviet surface vessels were.

Most Russian (and Soviet) submarines had no "personal" name, but were only known by a number, prefixed by letters identifying the boat's type at a higher level than her class. Those letters included:

  • К (K): крейсерская (kreyserskaya, "cruiser")
  • ТК (TK): тяжёлая крейсерская (tyazholaya kreyserskaya, "heavy cruiser")
  • Б (B): большая (bolshaya, "large")
  • С (S): средняя (srednyaya, "medium")
  • М (M): малая (malaya, "small")

Any of those prefixes could have С (S) added to the end, standing for специальная (spetsialnaya) and meaning "designed for special missions":

  • New weapon, engines and armament testing
  • Submarines for long-range radio communications
  • Target submarines for anti-submarine training
  • Rescue service submarines
  • Covert operations

Diesel-electric

Russo-Japanese War

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  • Template:Sclass
  • Template:Sclass
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  • Template:Sclass

World War I era

World War II era

Project Series Image Built Assignment
Template:Sclass Series I File:Shadowgraph Dekabrist class I series submarine mod.svg 6 large positional submarine
Template:Sclass Series II, XI, XIII, XIII-1938 File:Shadowgraph Leninets class II series submarine.svg

File:Shadowgraph Leninets class II mod series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Leninets class XI mod series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Leninets class XIII mod series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Leninets class XIII-1938 series submarine.svg

25 Minelayers
Template:Sclass Series III, V, V-bis, V-bis-2, X, X-1938 File:Shadowgraph Schuka class III series submarine 01.svg

File:Shadowgraph Schuka class V series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Schuka class V-bis series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Schuka class V-bis-2 series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Schuka class X series submarine.svg File:Shadowgraph Schuka class X-bis series submarine.svg

86 Medium-sized patrol submarines.
Template:Sclass Serie IV File:Shadowgraph Pravda class IV series submarine.svg

File:Shadowgraph Pravda class IV series submarine mod.svg

3 Squadron submarines.
Malyutka-class submarine Series VI, VI-bis, XII, XV File:Shadowgraph Malyutka class VI series submarine.svg
File:Shadowgraph Malyutka class VI-bis series submarine.svg
File:Shadowgraph Malyutka class XII series submarine.svg
File:Shadowgraph Malyutka class XV series submarine.svg 		110 Small submarines for coastal patrols.
S-class submarine Series IX, IX-bis File:Shadowgraph S-1 IX series submarine.svgFile:Shadowgraph S-56 submarine.svg 41 Medium submarines, built using German project (early version of Type IX).
K-class submarine Serie XIV File:Shadowgraph Kreiserskaya class submarine.svg 11 Cruiser submarines with combined arms.
TS-class submarine File:Rechinul and Marsuinul.jpg 3 Former submarines of the Royal Romanian Navy: Rechinul (TS-1), Marsuinul (TS-2) and Delfinul (TS-3)

Post-World War II era

Attack submarines

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
611 Zulu class File:Zulu II class SS.svg 26 Large oceanic submarines
613 Whiskey class File:Whiskey V class SS.svg 215 Medium multi-purpose submarines
615 Quebec class File:Quebec class SS.svg 30 Small submarines with full-diesel propulsion
617 Whale class File:Whale class SS.svg 1 Experimental submarines which had a Walter engine fuelled by high test peroxide (HTP)
633 Romeo class File:Romeo class SS.svg 20 Medium submarines
641 Foxtrot class File:Foxtrot class SS.svg 75 Large oceanic submarines
641B Cом (Som, catfish) Tango class File:Tango class SS.svg 18 Large oceanic submarines
690 Кефаль (Kefal, mullet) Bravo class File:Bravo class SS.svg 4 Target submarine for torpedo exercises
877, 877E, 877EKM, 877V, 877LPMB, 877EK Палтус (Paltus, halibut) Kilo class File:Kilo class SS.svg 43 Large submarines
636, 636М Варшавянка (Varshavyanka, after Warsaw Pact) Improved Kilo class File:Improved Kilo class SS.svg 30 Large submarines
677 Лада (Lada, goddess of love) St. Petersburg File:Lada class S.Peterburg.svg 1 Large submarines
1650 Амур (the Amur River) File:Amur 1650.jpg 0 Modification of Lada class for export
865 Пиранья (Piran'ya, piranha) Losos class (Salmon) File:Model submarine project 865 to «Army 2015».JPG 2 Midget submarines

Guided missile submarines

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
P613 Whiskey Single Cylinder File:Whiskey V class SS.svg 1 × SS-N-3 cruise missile
644 Whiskey Twin Cylinder File:Whiskey Twin Cylinder class SSG.svg 2 × SS-N-3 cruise missile
665 Whiskey Long Bin File:Whiskey Long Bin class SSG.svg 4 × SS-N-3 cruise missile
651 Juliett File:Juliett class SSG.svg 16 Four SS-N-3 Shaddock (P-5 or P-6), or SS-N-12 Sandbox (P-500 4K-80 Basalt)

Ballistic missile submarines

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
V611, 611AV Zulu File:Zulu IV class SSB.svg

File:Zulu V class SSB.svg

6
629, 609, 601, 605, 619 Golf Golf II-class submarine

Golf II-class submarine Golf II-class submarine Golf II-class submarine Golf II-class submarine Golf II-class submarine Golf II-class submarine

24 3 × Project 629 boats D-1 launch system with R-11FM missiles

Auxiliary submarines

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
940 Ленок (Lenok) India File:India class SS.svg 2 2 × Poseidon class DSRV's
1710 Макрель (Makrel, mackerel) Beluga 1 It was an experimental vessel used for testing propulsion systems, hull forms, and boundary-layer control techniques.
1840 Lima 1 Large special. It was used for trying out new technologies, research, or special mission support

Nuclear-powered

Attack submarines

First generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
627 Кит, 645 Кит-ЖМТ (Kit, whale) November File:November class SSN 627 project.svg

File:November class SSN 627A project.svg

14 First soviet submarines powered by nuclear reactor

Second generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
671, 671B, 671K, 671R Ёрш (Yorsh, ruffe) Victor I File:Victor I class SSN.svg 16
671RT Victor II File:Victor II class SSN.svg 7
671RTM Щука (Shchuka, pike) Victor III File:Victor III class SSN.svg 25

Third generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
705, 705K Лира (Lira, lyre) Alfa File:Alfa class SSN.svg 7
945 Барракуда (Barrakuda, barracuda) Sierra I File:Sierra I class SSN.svg 2
945A Кондор (Kondor, condor) Sierra II File:Sierra II class SSN.svg 2
685 Плавник (Plavnik, fin) Mike K-278 Komsomolets 1 Record submergence depth of 1,020 metres (3,350 feet)

Fourth generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
Project 971 Щука-Б (Shchuka-B, Pike-B) Akula File:AkulaProjekt971U right.png 15
Project 885 Ясень (Yasen, ash) Severodvinsk File:Graney class SSN.svg 4 Planned 12

Guided missile submarines

First generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
659 Echo I File:Echo I class SSGN.svg 5
675 Echo II File:Echo II class SSGN.svg 29

Second generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
661 Анчар (Anchar, upas) Papa File:Papa class SSGN.svg 1 Fastest speed ever recorded for a submerged vehicle at 44.7 knots
667AT Груша (Grusha, pear) Yankee Notch File:Yankee Notch class SSGN.svg 4
667M Андромеда (Andromeda, the constellation) Yankee Sidecar File:Yankee Sidecar class SSGN.svg 1
670 Скат (Skat, ray) Charlie I File:Charlie I class SSGN.svg 11
670M Скат-М (Skat-M, ray) Charlie II File:Charlie II class SSGN.svg 6

Third generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
949 Гранит (Granit, granite) Oscar I File:Oscar I class SSGN.svg 2
949A Антей (Antey, Antaeus) Oscar II File:Oscar II class SSGN.svg 11

Fourth generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
885 Ясень (Yasen, ash) Severodvinsk File:Graney class SSN.svg 4 Planned 12

Ballistic missile submarines

First generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
658, 701 Hotel File:Hotel II class SSBN.svg 8

Second generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
667A Навага, 667AU Налим (Navaga; Nalim, burbot) Yankee I File:Yankee class SSBN.svg 34
667AM Навага-М (Navaga-M) Yankee II File:Yankee II class SSBN.svg 1
667B Мурена (Murena, eel) Delta I File:Delta I class SSBN.svg 18
667BD Мурена-М (Murena-M, eel) Delta II File:Delta II class SSBN.svg 4
667BDR Кальмар (Kal'mar, squid) Delta III File:Delta III class SSBN.svg 14
667BDRM Дельфин (Del'fin, dolphin) Delta IV File:Delta IV class SSBN.svg 7

Third generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
941 Акула; (Akula, shark) Typhoon File:Typhoon class SSBN.svg 6

Fourth generation

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
955 Борей; (Borei, Boreas) Dolgorukiy File:Borey class SSBN.svg 3
955А Борей; (Borei, Boreas) Dolgorukiy File:Borey-A class SSBN.svg 4

Auxiliary submarines

Project NATO reporting name Silhouette/Image Built Assignment
1910 Кашалот (Kashalot, cachalot) Uniform File:Uniform pr1910 color.svg 2
09774 Аксон (Akson) Yankee Pod File:Yankee Pod class SSN.svg 1
09774 Yankee Stretch File:Yankee-Stretch class SSN.svg 1
09780 Аксон-2 (Akson-2) Yankee Big Nose File:Yankee Big Nose class SSN.svg 1
20120 Сарган (Sargan or Sarov) Sarov File:Sarov class SS.svg 1

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Showell, p. 22, 23, 29
  • Showell, Jak M. U-Boat Century, German Submarine Warfare 1906-2006. Chatham Publishing, Great Britain (2006). Template:ISBN.

External links

Template:Submarines

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