List of dinosaur genera

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File:Field dinos 2.jpg
Mounted skeletons of Tyrannosaurus (left) and Apatosaurus (right) at the AMNH

Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 million years ago; their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record demonstrates that birds are modern feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch. Birds were therefore the only dinosaur lineage to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 million years ago. Birds are feathered theropod dinosaurs and constitute the only known living dinosaurs.

This list of dinosaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been considered to be non-avialan dinosaurs, but also includes some dinosaurs of disputed status as non-avian, as well as purely vernacular terms.

The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms and genera that are no longer considered dinosaurs. Many listed names have been reclassified as everything from true birds to crocodilians to petrified wood. The list contains 1809 names, of which approximately 1383 are considered either valid dinosaur genera or nomina dubia.

Scope and terminology

There is no official, canonical list of all non-avian dinosaur genera. The closest is the Dinosaur Genera List, compiled by biological nomenclature expert George Olshevsky, which was first published online in 1995 and was regularly updated until June 2021.[1][2] The most authoritative general source in the field is the second (2004) edition of The Dinosauria. The vast majority of names listed below are sourced to Olshevsky's list, and all subjective determinations (such as junior synonymy or non-dinosaurian status) are based on The Dinosauria, except where they conflict with primary literature. These exceptions are noted.

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:[1]

  • Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN (see Tyrannosaurus), but junior synonyms cannot be used again for a different genus, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
  • Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
  • Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal.
  • Nomen manuscriptum (Latin for "manuscript name"): A name that appears in manuscript of a formal publication that has no scientific backing.
  • Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. Preoccupied names are not valid generic names.
  • Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation (see Hadrosaurus), no genera should be marked as such on this list.

A

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Allosaurus SDNHM.jpg
Replica of an Allosaurus skeleton.
File:Amargasaurus Reconstruction Fred Wierum.png
Artist's reconstruction of Amargasaurus.
File:Anzu wyliei.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Anzu.
File:Archaeoceratops BW.jpg
Artist's restoration of Archaeoceratops.
File:Austroraptor Restoration.png
Artist's restoration of Austroraptor.

B

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Baryonyx walkeri mount NMNS.jpg
Reconstructed skeletal mount of Baryonyx at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.
File:Borealopelta NT.jpg
Artist's restoration of Borealopelta.

C

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Centrosaurus.JPG
Centrosaurus skull.
File:Ceratosaurus nasicornis DB.jpg
Artist's restoration of Ceratosaurus.
File:Coelophysis bauri mount.jpg
Coelophysis mounted skeleton at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.

D

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Hypothetical Deinocheirus.jpg
Artist's restoration of Deinocheirus.
File:Diamantinasaurus.png
Artist's restoration of Diamantinasaurus.
File:Dryosaurus lettowvorbecki skeleton.jpg
A Dysalotosaurus skeleton.

E

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Eoraptor Japan.jpg
Replica of an Eoraptor skeleton.
File:Euoplocephalus BW.jpg
Life restoration of Euoplocephalus.

F

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Fruitadens NT.jpg
Life restoration of Fruitadens.

G

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Giganotos Db.jpg
Artist's restoration of Giganotosaurus.
File:Giraffatitan DB.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Giraffatitan.

H

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Huaxiagnathus orientalis.JPG
Huaxiagnathus fossil displayed in Hong Kong Science Museum
File:Hypsilophodon foxii 1.jpg
Skeleton of Hypsilophodon.

I

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Iguanodon NT.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Iguanodon.

J

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Jinfengopteryx wiki.jpg
Life restoration of Jinfengopteryx.

K

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Berlin Naturkundemuseum Dino Eingangshalle.jpg
Kentrosaurus skeleton.

L

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Lambeosaurus magnicristatus DB.jpg
Artist's restoration of Lambeosaurus.
File:Limusaurus runner.jpg
Artist's restoration of Limusaurus.
File:Linhenykus monodactylus.jpg
Life reconstruction of two individuals of Linhenykus in their arid Campanian-aged living environment.

M

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Massospondylus reconstruction.png
Artist's reconstruction of Massospondylus.
File:Microraptor Restoration.png
Artist's reconstruction of Microraptor with colouration based on fossilised melanosomes.
File:Muttaburrasaurus skel QM email.jpg
Cast of a Muttaburrasaurus skeleton.

N

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Neimongosaurus.jpg
Life restoration of Neimongosaurus.
File:Nemegtomaia barsboldi profile1.jpg
Restored head of Nemegtomaia.

O

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Omeisaurus tianfuensis34.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Omeisaurus.

P

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Pachycephalosaurus Reconstruction.jpg
Life restoration of Pachycephalosaurus.
File:Plateosaurus BW.jpg
Artist's restoration of Plateosaurus.
File:Prosaurolophus maximus2.JPG
Prosaurolophus skull.

Q

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Qiupalong Restoration.png
Artist's reconstruction of Qiupalong.

R

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Ruyangosaurus skeleton.jpg
Ruyangosaurus skeleton.

S

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Scelidosaurus harrisonii.png
Artist's restoration of Scelidosaurus.
File:Sinosaurus triassicus.JPG
Sinosaurus skeleton, Museo delle Scienze of Trento, Italy.
File:Skorpiovenator skull.jpg
Skorpiovenator skull.
File:Stegosaurus stenops sophie wiki martyniuk.png
Artist's restoration of Stegosaurus.

T

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Thecondontosaurus life restoration 2018.jpg
Artist's restoration of Thecodontosaurus.
File:Coast watch (1979) (20472080340).jpg
Thescelosaurus fossil.
File:Triceratops Specimen at the Houston Museum of Natural Science.JPG
Skeleton of Triceratops at the Houston Museum of Natural Science.

U

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Udanoceratops Restoration.png
Restoration of Udanoceratops.

V

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Velociraptor Restoration.png
Life restoration of Velociraptor.

W

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Новая реконструкция Монстра из Миндена.jpg
Artist's restoration of Wiehenvenator.

X

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Xiongguanlong NT.jpg
Artist's reconstruction of Xiongguanlong.

Y

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Yangchuanosaurus NT small.jpg
Artist's restoration of Yangchuanosaurus.

Z

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
File:Zby NT small.jpg
Life restoration of Zby.

See also

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Notes

  • Most uncited genus names are taken from Olshevsky's "Dinosaur Genera List".[1] Non-dinosaur dinosauromorphs and non-avebrevicaudan avialans are also listed by Olshevsky, but are omitted from this list as they are not considered "non-avian dinosaurs" in most published sources.

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  1. a b c Olshevsky, G. (1995–2021). Dinosaur Genera List Template:Webarchive. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
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References

  • Lambert, D. (1993). "A to Z of Dinosaurs" In: The Ultimate Dinosaur Book. Dorling Kindersley, 192 pp. Template:ISBN
  • Olshevsky, G. (1995–2021). Dinosaur Genera List Template:Webarchive. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
  • Walters, M. & J. Paker (1995). Dictionary of Prehistoric Life. Claremont Books. Template:ISBN.
  • Weishampel, D.B., P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (eds.) (2004). The Dinosauria, Second Edition. University of California Press, 861 pp. Template:ISBN.

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