Yaverlandia
Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox
Yaverlandia (meaning "of Yaverland Point/Yaverland Battery") is a genus of maniraptoran dinosaur. Known from a partial fossil skull (MIWG 1530) found in Lower Cretaceous strata of the Wessex Formation (Upper Silty Bed; Vectis Formation) on the Isle of Wight.[1][2][3] it was described as the earliest known member of the pachycephalosaurid family, but research by Darren Naish shows it to have actually been a theropod, seemingly a maniraptoran.[4] The type species is Y. bitholus.[5]
Discovery and naming
MIWG 1530, the holotype skull, was discovered in 1930, in England and were commented upon by Watson (1930).[6][7] It was referred to as an iguanodontid of the genus Vectisaurus in 1936.[8] When Steel (1969) followed Hulke (1879)[9] in listing Vectisaurus as an iguanodontid, Peter Malcolm Galton (1971) named the fossil as Yaverlandia, which he described as a pachycephalosaurid since the skull of Yaverlandia was different than that of Vectisaurus (Mantellisaurus).[5]
In 2012 additional remains were reported, but these have not been described.[10]
Description
Yaverlandia was about 3 ft (1 m) in length and 1 ft (30 cm) in height.[11]
Classification
Before being named, Swinton (1936) had MIWG 1530 placed within Mantellisaurus,[8] which was a member of the Iguanodontidae. Galton (1971) upon describing Yaverlandia placed it within the Pachycephalosauridae.[5] Sullivan (2000), Sereno (2000)[12] Naish (2006; unpublished thesis), Sullivan (2006)[13] and Naish (2008)[4] all re-classified Yaverlandia as a maniraptoran.
Paleoecology
Yaverlandia was found in the Vectis Formation and it would have coexisted with the nodosaur Polacanthus,[14] the neornithischian Hypsilophodon,[14] the iguanodontid Mantellisaurus,[14] an indeterminate euornithopod,[14] the spinosaur Baryonyx,[15] the dromaeosaurid Vectiraptor,[14] the plesiosaur Vectocleidus pastorum[16] and the crocodylomorph Hylaeochampsa vectiana.[17]
References
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- ↑ Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Europe)". In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 556-563. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ Batten, D. J. (ed.) 2011. English Wealden Fossils. The Palaeontological Association, London.
- ↑ "Magnetostratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Vectis Formation (Wealden Group) on the Isle of Wight, Southern England."
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Galton, P.M. (1971) "A primitive dome-headed dinosaur (Ornithischia: Pachycephalosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of England and the function of the dome of pachycephalosaurids". Journal of Paleontology, Vol. 45, No. 1, Pages 40–47.
- ↑ Watson, D.M.S (1930) Proceedings of the Isle of Wight Natural History Society. 2, 60.
- ↑ BBC: Dinosaurs of The Isle of Wight - Ornithischians
- ↑ a b Swinton, W.E. (1936). The dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association, 47, 204–220.
- ↑ Vectisaurus valdensis, a new Wealden Dinosaur (J. W. Hulke) Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 35, 421-424, 1 February 1879, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1879.035.01-04.27
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Sullivan, R.M. 2006. A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35:347-365
- ↑ Sereno, P. C., (2000): The fossil record, systematics and evolution of pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians from Asia. 480-516 in Benton, M. J., Shishkin, M. A., Unvin, D. M. & Kurochkin, E. N., (eds.) 2000: The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, xxxix-696
- ↑ Sullivan, R. M., 2006: A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). New Mexico Museum of Natural History Bulletin 35: 347-365
- ↑ a b c d e Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Cretaceous, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 556-563. Template:ISBN.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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