Birds evolved from certain featheredtheropod dinosaurs, and there is no real dividing line between birds and non-avian dinosaurs except that some of the former survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event while the latter did not. For the purposes of this article, a 'bird' is considered to be any member of the clade Avialae.[1] Some dinosaur groups which may or may not be true birds are listed below under Proto-birds.
This page contains a listing of prehistoric bird taxa only known from completely fossilized specimens. These extinctions took place before the Late Quaternary and thus took place in the absence of significant human interference. While the earliest hominids had been eating birds and especially their eggs, human population and technology was simply insufficient to seriously affect healthy bird populations until the Upper Paleolithic Revolution. Rather, reasons for the extinctions listed here are stochastic abiotic events such as bolide impacts, climate changes due to orbital shifts, mass volcanic eruptions etc. Alternatively, species may have gone extinct due to evolutionary displacement by successor or competitor taxa – it is notable that an extremely large number of seabirds have gone extinct during the mid-Tertiary; this seems at least partly due to competition by the contemporary radiation of marine mammals.
The relationships of these taxa are often hard to determine, as many are known only from very fragmentary remains and due to the complete fossilization precluding analysis of information from DNA, RNA or protein sequencing. The taxa listed in this article should be classified with the Wikipedia conservation status category "Fossil".
Before the late 19th century, when minerals were still considered one of the kingdoms of binomial nomenclature, fossils were often treated according to a parallel taxonomy. Rather than assigning them to animal or plant genera, they were treated as mineral genera and given binomial names typically using Osteornis ("bone-bird") or Ornitholithus ("bird fossil") as "genus". The latter name, however, is still in use for an oogenus of fossil bird eggs. Also, other animals (in particular pterosaurs) were placed in these "genera". In sources pre-dating the Linnean system, the above terms are also seen in the more extensive descriptions used to name taxa back then.
Higher-level taxa are presented in likely or suspected phylogenetic order. Genus-level taxa and lower are sorted chronologically, in ascending order (i.e., older taxa first).
The higher-level groups of non-Neornithes are arranged based on the phylogeny proposed by Luis Chiappe,[2] updated and expanded to incorporate recent research.[3] The categories are inclusive in ascending order.
Taxonomic assignments, especially in the pygostylian to early neornithine genera, are still very provisional and subject to quite frequent change.[4][5]
The most primitive "birds", usually still possessing a long bony tail with generally unfused vertebrae. Not all of these may be on the line of bird ancestors; whether they are not closer to other theropods groups than to the Avialae remains to be thoroughly tested (see Xiaotingia).
Template:ExtinctArchaeopterygidaeHuxley 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Archaeornithidae Petronievics 1925Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Archaeopteridae Shufeldt 1903Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Archornithidae Carus 1875Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]a
Template:ExtinctWellnhoferia grandisElzanowski 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Jurassic) – possible synonym of Archaeopteryx
Template:ExtinctArchaeopteryxMeyer 1861Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ArchaeornisPeteronievics 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; GriphornisWoodward 1862Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; GriphosaurusWagner 1861 (nomen rejectum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Jurassic)
Template:ExtinctJeholornisZhou & Zhang 2002bScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ShenzhouraptorJi et al. 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
The earliest birds with a modern pygostyle: a reduction and fusion of the tail vertebrae; possibly a paraphyletic group. Two types of pygostyle are known, a rod-shaped one found in Confuciusornithidae, Enantiornithes and some non-avian theropods such as Nomingia, and a plowshare-shaped one, only known in the lineage leading to modern birds. It is not certain that the pygostyles found in birds are indeed synapomorphies.[6]
Template:ExtinctOmnivoropterygiformesCzerkas & Ji 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sapeornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctOmnivoropterygidaeCzerkas & Ji 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sapeornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctSapeornis chaoyangensisZhou & Zhang 2002aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Didactylornis jiiYuan 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Sapeornis angustisProvini, Zhou & Zhang 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Shenshiornis primitaHu et al. 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctHolbotia ponomarenkoiZelenkov & Averianov 2015Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Holbotia ponomarenkoiKuročkin 1982 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctEocathayornis walkeriZhou 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Eocathayornis walkeriZhou 1999 (nomen nudum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctFlexomornis howeiTykoski & Fiorillo 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctJibeinia luanheraHou 2000Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Jibeinia luanheraHou 1997 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctLongipterygiformesZhang et al. 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Boluochiiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Longirostraviformes Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctLongipterygidaeZhang et al. 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Boluochiidae Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Longirostravidae Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctCathayornithiformesZhou, Jin & Zhang 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sinornithiformes Hou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Euornithiformes Kuročkin 1996Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctCathyornithidaeZhou, Jin & Zhang 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sinornithidae Hou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctCathayornisZhou, Jin & Zhang 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctEnantiornithiformesChiappe 1992 non Walker 1981, Martin 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Gobipterygiformes Elzanowski 1974Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Alexornithiformes Brodkorb 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctAvisauridaeBrett-Surman & Paul 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctSazavis priscaNesov & Jarkov 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctZhyraornisNesov 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous)
Note that Holtz (2011) also included Zhyraornis in his classification of euenantiornithines, though this genus is more often classified as an ornithuran.[13] Holtz also placed Liaoningornis as an ornithuromorph, though more recent studies have placed it as a close relative of Eoalulavis.[14]
Also called "basal Ornithuromorpha".[15] Essentially modern birds, except many still possess a few primitive features such as teeth or wing claws. These have the plowshare-shaped pygostyle and proper tail fan as seen in most living birds. The taxonomy of this group is confusing; the name "Ornithurae" was first proposed by Ernst Haeckel in 1866 and has been revised in meaning several times since.
The following is a list of primitive euornithian genera and those that cannot be confidently referred to any subgroups, following Holtz (2011).[7]
Template:ExtinctHollanda luceriaBell et al. 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Hollandornis birdusBell et al. 2009 (nomen nudum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctChaoyangiidaeHou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Chaoyangornithidae Hou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctSonglingornithiformes [Aberratiodontiformes Gong, Hou & Wang 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Yanornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Yixianornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctSonglingornithidaeHou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Aberratiodontidae Gong, Hou & Wang 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Chaoyangornithidae Hou 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Yanornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Yixiaornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctYanornisZhou & Zhang 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ArchaeoraptorSloan 1999 (nomen nudum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ArchaeovolansCzerkas & Xu 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; AberratiodontusGong, Hou & Wang 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctIchthyornithiformesMarsh 1873Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Pteropappi Stejneger 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
IchthyornisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [AngelinornisKashin 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ColonosaurusMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; GraculavusMarsh 1873 non Marsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PlegadornisWetmore 1962 non Brehm 1855Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctEnaliornisSeeley 1876Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palaeocolyntus(sic) Seeley 1864 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PalaeocolymbusSeeley 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pelargonis(sic) Seeley 1864 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PelagornisSeeley 1866 nomen nudum non Lartet 1857Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctBaptornisMarsh 1877Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ParascaniornisLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctBrodavidaeMartin, Kuročkin & Tokaryk 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
BrodavisMartin, Kuročkin & Tokaryk 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctHesperornisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ConiornisMarsh 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; LestornisMarsh 1876Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; HargeriaLucas 1903Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; AsiahesperornisNesov & Prizemlin 1991Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CanadagaHou 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous)
Unresolved and basal forms
These modern birds are known from remains that cannot be placed in relation to any one modern group and are neither autapomorphic enough to assign them to own orders. Especially the Late Cretaceous/early Paleogenetaxa are probably basal to several modern orders, while later Paleogene taxa often represent extinct lineages outside the modern families.
Template:ExtinctCeramornis majorBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous) – charadriiform?
Template:Extinct"Presbyornithidae" gen. et sp. indet. (Barun Goyot Late Cretaceous of Udan Sayr, Mongolia) - anseriform (presbyornithid)?
Template:ExtinctTorotix clemensiBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous) – pelecaniform, charadriiform, procellariiform or phoenicopteriform
Neornithes incerta sedis Kurochkin 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Nemegt Late Cretaceous of S Mongolia) - phalacrocoracid?
Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 25272 (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous of Converse County, US) - phalacrocoracid?
Neornithes incerta sedis PVPH 237 (Portezuelo Late Cretaceous of Sierra de Portezuelo, Argentina) - galliform?
Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117598 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug Creek West, US)
Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117599 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug Creek West, US) – anseriform?
Template:Extinct"Lonchodytes" pterygiusBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?
Template:ExtinctNovacaesareala hungerfordiParris & Hope 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) – related to Torotix?
Template:Extinct"Palaeotringa" vetusMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Lance Late Cretaceous of Wyoming – Hornerstown Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene of New Jersey, US) - gruiform? anseriform (presbyornithid)?
Template:ExtinctVolgavis marinaNessov & Jarkow 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Palaeocene of Volgograd, Russia) – charadriiform? phalacrocoraciform?
Template:ExtinctTshulia litoreaNessov 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Paleocene of Zhylga, Kazakhstan)
Template:ExtinctEupterornis remensisLemoine 1878Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene of Cernay, France) – charadriiform (larid?)? gaviiform?
Template:Extinct"Messelornis" russelliMourer-Chauviré 1995 sensu Mayr 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene of Cernay, France) – messelornithid?
Template:ExtinctWalbeckornis creberMayr 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene of Walbeck, Germany) – charadriiform? messelornithid?
Neornithes incerta sedis (Late Paleocene/Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco) – charadriiform, ciconiiform, gruiform?
Template:ExtinctArgillipesHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (London Clay Early Eocene of England) – galliform?
Template:ExtinctA. aurorumHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctA. magnusHarrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctCoturnipes cooperiHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of England, and Virginia, US?)– galliform, falconiform?
Template:ExtinctFluviatilavis antunesiHarrison 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of Silveirinha, Portugal)– charadriiform?
Template:ExtinctMopsitta tantaWaterhouse et al. 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene) – threskiornithid (may belong in Rhynchaeites), psittacid?
Template:ExtinctNeanis schuchertiShufeldt 1913Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene)– coraciiform (primobucconid), piciform?
Template:ExtinctPaleophasianus meleagroidesWetmore 1940Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Willwood Early Eocene of Bighorn County, US)– galliform (tetraonine or cracid) or gruiform (aramid)?
Template:ExtinctPrecursor parvus (Early Eocene)– several species? psittaciform (pseudasturid or psittacid) + charadriiform (glareolid)?
Template:ExtinctProcuculus minutusHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of Bognor Regis, England)– cuculiform (parvicuculid), coraciiform (primobucconid), close to Primapus?
Template:ExtinctPulchrapolliaDyke & Cooper 2000Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene) – psittaciform (pseudasturid or psittacid)?
Template:ExtinctP. olsoni(Feduccia & Martin 1976)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Primobucco olsoniFeduccia & Martin 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Neornithes incerta sedis USNM 496384 (Nanjemoy Early Eocene of Virginia, US)– parvicuculid? aegithalornithid?
Template:ExtinctPalaeopsittacus georgeiHarrison 1982bScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early – middle Eocene of NW Europe) – caprimulgiform (podargid?) or quercypsittid?
Template:ExtinctAmitabha urbsinterdictensisGulas-Wroblewski & Wroblewski 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Bridger middle Eocene of Forbidden City, US) - galliform (phasianid) or gruiform (rallid?)?
Template:ExtinctProtocypselomorphus manfredkelleriMayr 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)– caprimulgiform, apodiform or ancestral to both
Template:ExtinctLudiortyx hoffmanni(Gervais 1852) Brunet 1970Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene) – rallid, quercymegapodid? [Includes Tringa hoffmanniGervais 1852Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeortyx blanchardiMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeortyx hoffmanni(Gervais 1852)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ludiortyx blanchardi(Milne-Edwards 1869)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Eortyx hoffmanni(Gervais 1852)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPetropluvialis simplexHarrison & Walker 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene of England)– may be same as Palaeopapia; anseriform?
Template:Extinct"Phasianus" alfhildaeShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Washakie B Late Eocene of Haystack Butte, US)– gruiform, ciconiiform, phoenicopteriform?
Template:ExtinctTelecrex grangeriWetmore 1934Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, Mongolia)– meleagrid or gruiform (rallid?)
Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 2941 (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, China) – falconiform (accipitrid)? gruiform (Eogrus)?
Template:ExtinctZheroia kurochkiniNesov 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene of Kazakhstan) – gruiform? pelagornithid?
Template:Extinct"Falco" falconellusShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (or falconella; Eocene of Wyoming, US) – falconiform (falconid)?
Template:ExtinctAgnopterusMilne-Edwards 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene– Late Oligocene of Europe)– phoenicopteriform or anseriform
Template:ExtinctPlesiocathartesGaillard 1908Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene–? Early Miocene of SW Europe) - cathartid, leptosomid?
Template:ExtinctBotauroides parvusShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Eocene of Wyoming, US) – coliiform?
Template:ExtinctAminornis excavatusAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina) – gruiform (aramid)?
Template:ExtinctCiconiopsis antarcticaAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina) – ciconiiform (ciconiid)?
Template:ExtinctCruschedula revolaAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Golfo San Jorge, Argentina) Aves incertae sedis; A nomen dubium
Template:ExtinctDolichopterus viatorMilne-Edwards 1867Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [DolicopterusAymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CamaskelusAymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CamaskelusMilne-Edwards 1867Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Dolicopterus viatorAymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Camaskelus palustrisAymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Camaskelus palustrisMilne-Edwards 1867Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France) – charadriiform (charadriid)? Not Dolicopterus as sometimes claimed
Template:ExtinctLoncornis erectusAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina)– gruiform (aramid)?
Template:ExtinctLoxornis clivusAmeghino 1894Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".– anatid? (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)
Template:ExtinctManu antiquusMarples 1946Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Oligocene) – pelagornithid? procellariiform (diomedeid)?
Template:ExtinctPalaeocrex rexWetmore 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Oligocene of Trigonias Quarry, US) – gruiform (rallid)?
Template:ExtinctPalaeopapia eous>(Harrison & Walker 1976) Harrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [HowardiaHarrison & Walker 1976 non Berlese & Leonardi 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Howardia eousHarrison & Walker 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) – anseriform?
Template:ExtinctParacygnopterus scottiHarrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Oligocene of Belgium and England) – anseriform (anatid)?
Template:Extinct"Pararallus" hassenkampiMartini 1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".(Sieblos Dysodil Early Oligocene of Sieblos, Germany)
Template:ExtinctRiacama caligineaAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) – gruiform?
Template:ExtinctSmiliornis penetransAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)– gruiform?
Template:ExtinctTeracus littoralisMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [leracus Aymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; leracus littoralisAymard 1856 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Oligocene of France)
Template:ExtinctTeleornis impressusAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)– anatid?
Template:ExtinctPseudolarus guaraniticusAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene – Miocene of Argentina) – gruiform?
Neornithes incerta sedis BMNH PAL 4989 (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) – formerly "Ptenornis" and included in Headonornis; anseriform?
Template:Extinct"Anas" creccoidesvan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early-mid Oligocene of Belgium) – anseriform?
Template:Extinct"Charadrius" sheppardianusCope 1881Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Florissant middle Oligocene of Florissant, US) – charadriiform (charadriid?)
Template:ExtinctMegagallinula harundineaKuročkin 1968Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Indricotherium middle Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan)
Template:Extinct"Palaeorallus" alienusKuročkin 1968Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Oligocene of Tatal-Gol, Mongolia)– galliform?
Template:Extinct"Vanellus" selysiivan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Oligocene of Rupelmonde, Belgium) – charadriiform (charadriid)?
Template:ExtinctAnserpica kilianiMourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Oligocene of France) – gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?
Template:ExtinctGnotornisWetmore 1942Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Brule Late Oligocene of Shannon County, US) – gruiform (aramid)?
Template:ExtinctGuguschia nailiaeAslanova & Burčak-Abramovič 1968Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Oligocene of Pirəkəşkül, Azerbaijan) – anseriform (anserine)? pelagornithid (same as Caspiodontornis)?
Neornithes incerta sedis QM F40203 (Late Oligocene of Riversleigh, Australia)– gruiform (rallid)?
Template:ExtinctGaviella pusillaShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Oligocene? of Wyoming, US)– gaviiform? plotopterid?
Template:Extinct"Anas" skalicensisBayer 1882Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene of "Skalitz", Czech Republic) - anseriform?
Template:ExtinctChenornis graculoidesPortis 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene) - Anseriformes (Anatidae) or Pelecaniformes (Phalacrocoracidae)?
Template:Extinct"Propelargus" olseniBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Hawthorne Early Miocene of Tallahassee, US) – ciconiiform?
Neornithes incerta sedis MNHN SA 1259-1263 (Early/Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) – passeriform?
Template:ExtinctAnisolornis excavatusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Santa Cruz Middle Miocene of Karaihen, Argentina) – gruiform, galliform, tinamiform?
Template:Extinct"Ardea" perplexaMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) – ardeid? strigiform?
Template:Extinct"Cygnus herrenthalsi"van Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Middle Miocene of Belgium)
Template:Extinct"Anas" risgoviensisAmmon 1918Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Miocene of Bavaria, Germany) – anseriform?
Template:Extinct"Ardea" aureliensis (Late Miocene of France) – ardeid?
Template:ExtinctProtibis cnemialisAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Miocene of Argentina) – ciconiiform (threskiornithid)?
Template:Extinct"Limnatornis" paludicolaMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Miocene of France) – coliid? phoeniculid?
Template:Extinct"Ardea" lignitumGiebel 1860Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Pliocene of Germany) – ardeid? strigid (genus Bubo)?
Template:ExtinctBathoceleus hyphalusBrodkorb 1959Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Pliocene of New Providence, Bahamas) – picid?
Template:ExtinctProtopelicanus cuvieriReichenbach 1852Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – pelecaniform (pelecanid)? pelagornithid?
Template:ExtinctL. minima(Brodkorb 1963) Agnolin 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Cimolopteryx minimaBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctL. petra(Hope 2002) Agnolin 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Cimolopteryx petraHope 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctCladornithidae Wetmore 1930 [Cladornithes Wetmore 1960Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Cladornidae Ameghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (pelecaniform?
Template:ExtinctCladornis pachypusAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina)
Template:ExtinctEremopezidaeRothschild 1911Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – pelecaniform? ratite?
Template:ExtinctEremopezus eocaenusAndrews 1904Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene) - includes Stromeria fajumensisLambrecht 1929Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctGracilitarsidaeMayr 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – close to Sylphornithidae?
Gracilitarsus mirabilisMayr 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
HalcyornithidaeHarrison & Walker 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – psittaciform (= Pseudasturidae?), coraciiform?
Template:ExtinctHalcyornis toliapicus(Koenig 1825) Owen 1846Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (London Clay Early Eocene of England)
Template:ExtinctCyrilavisMartin 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Green River Early Eocene of C US) - psittaciform (halcyornithid or psittacid)?
Template:ExtinctC. olsoni(Feduccia & Martin 1976) Martin 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Primobucco olsoniFeduccia & Martin 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctKashinia magnum(Harrison & Walker 1976) Harrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [TenuicrusHarrison & Walker 1976 non Womersley 1940Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Tenuicrus magnumHarrison & Walker 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] – phoenicopteriform?
Template:ExtinctJuncitarsusOlson & Feduccia 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – phoenicopteriform?
LaornithidaeCracraft 1973Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – charadriiform? gruiform? pelagornithid?
Laornis edvardsianusMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Laopteryx (sic) Kuročkin 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous?)
Template:ExtinctPalaeospiza bellaAllen 1878Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene of Florissant Fossil Beds, US)
Template:ExtinctParvicuculidaeHarrison 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – cypselomorph, cuculiform, coraciiform (primobucconid)?
Template:ExtinctParvicuculus minorHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of NW Europe)
Template:ExtinctRemiornithidaeMartin 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene of France) – palaeognath?
Template:ExtinctRemiornis hebertiLemoine 1881Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Remiornis minorLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctSylphornithidaeMourer-Chauviré 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – cuculiform? coraciiform? close to Gracilitarsidae?
Template:ExtinctZygodactylidaeBrodkorb 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Primoscenidae Harrison 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]– near passerine
Template:ExtinctLimosavisShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [GraculavusMarsh 1872 non Marsh 1973Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous –? Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?
Template:ExtinctL. velox(Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Graculavus veloxMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctL. augustus(Hope 1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Graculavus augustusHope 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPalaeotringaMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?
Template:ExtinctTelmatornis priscusMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Telmatornis affinisMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Graculavus pumilisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeotringa vetusMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous?) – charadriiform? gruiform? podicipediform?
Template:ExtinctZhylgaia aestifluaNesov 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Paleocene) – presbyornithid?
Template:ExtinctScaniornis lundgreniDames 1890Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early/Middle Paleocene) – phoenicopteriform?
Template:ExtinctDakotornis cooperiErickson 1975Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene of North Dakota, US)
StruthionidaeVigors 1825Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [[[:Template:Extinct]]Struthiolithidae Vjalov 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Template:ExtinctPalaeotididae Houde & Haubold 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (ostriches)
Template:ExtinctPalaeotis weigeltiLambrecht 1928Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palaeogrus geiseltalensisLambrecht 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ornitocnemus geiseltalensis(Lambrecht 1935) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene)
StruthioLinnaeus 1758Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [[[:Template:Extinct]]PalaeostruthioBurchak-Abramovich 1953Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Template:ExtinctStruthiolithusBrandt 1873Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". ootaxa; Struthio (Pachystruthio) Kretzoi 1954aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MegaloscelornisLydekker 1879Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Miocene – Recent)
Casuariidae Kaup 1847 [Dromaiidae Huxley 1868; Dramaiinae Gray 1870; Dramiceiidae Richmond 1908; Dramaeidae Newton 1896] (emus and cassowaries)
Template:ExtinctDiogenornis fragilisAlvarenga 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene) – possible casuariiform
Template:ExtinctEmuariusBoles 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (emuwaries) (Late Oligocene – Late Miocene)
Prehistoric species of extant genera
DromaiusVieillot 1816Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [TacheaFleming 1822Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; EmouGriffith & Pidgeon 1829Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PeronistaMathews 1912Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MetapteryxDe Vis 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (emus) (Middle Miocene – Recent)
CasuariusBrisson 1760Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [CelaMoehring 1752 [Oken1816] non Reichenbach 1853 non Illiger 1826Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CelaMoehring 1752 nom. rej.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; RheaLacépède 1800 non Latham 1790Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ChelargaBillberg 1828Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; OxyporusBrookes 1828 non (Bourdot & Galzin 1925) Donk 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ThrasysBillberg 1828Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CassowaraPerry 1811Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; HippalectryoGloger 1842Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Rheidae(Bonaparte 1853)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rheinae Bonaparte 1853Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (rheas)
RheaBrisson 1760Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [RheaMoehring 1758 nomen dubiumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PterocnemiaGray 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ToujouLacépède 1801Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TujusRafinesque 1815Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctMegalapteryx didinus(Owen 1883) Haast 1886Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PalaeocasuariusRothschild 1907 (Forbes 1892)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Dinornis didinusOwen 1883Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Megalapteryx benhamiArchey 1941Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Megalapteryx hamiltoniRothschild 1907Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Megalapteryx hectoriHaast 1886Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Megalapteryx tenuipesLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Anomalopteryx didina(Owen 1883) Lydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeocasuarius veloxRothschild 1907Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeocasuarius elegansRothschild 1907Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeocasuarius haastiRothschild 1907Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctDinornithidaeOwen 1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palapteryginae Bonaparte 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palapterygidae Haast 1874Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Dinornithnideae Stejneger 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (great moas)
Template:ExtinctDinornisOwen 1843Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PalapteryxOwen 1846Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MegalornisOwen 1843 non Gray 1841Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MoviaReichenbach 1853Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MoaReichenbach 1853Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; OweniaGray 1855Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TylopteryxHutton 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctEmeidae(Bonaparte 1854)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Emeinae Bonaparte 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Anomalopterygidae Oliver 1930Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Anomalapteryginae Archey 1941Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (lesser moas)
ApterygidaeGray 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Apteryginae Gray 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Kiwis)
Template:ExtinctLithornisOwen 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PromusophagaHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; PediorallusHarrison 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ParvigypsHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Paleocene – Early Eocene)
TinamidaeGray 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Crypturidae Bonaparte 1831Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Tinamotidae Bonaparte 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Eudromiidae Bonaparte 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rhynchotidae von Boetticher 1934Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (tinamous)
Template:ExtinctQuerandiornis romaniRusconi 1958Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Ensenada Early/Middle Pleistocene of Argentina)
Tinamidae gen. et sp. indet. MACN-SC Fleagle Collection (Early – Middle Miocene of S Argentina) - at least 2 species
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Eudromia [non EudromiasBoie 1832Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CalodromasSclater & Salvin 1873 nonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".CalodromusGuein 1832Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CalopezusRidgway 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TinamisornisRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; RoveretornisBrodkorb 1961Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
NothuraWagler 1827Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [[[:Template:Extinct]]CayetanornisBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
CrypturellusBrabourne & Chubb 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [MicrocrypturusChubb 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CrypturornisOberholser 1922Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; OrthocrypturusMiranda-Ribeiro 1937Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctAnatalavisOlson & Parris 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [NettapterornisMlikovsky 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Cretaceous/Early Paleocene– Early Eocene)– anseranatid or basal.
Template:ExtinctA. rex(Shufeldt 1915) Olson & Parris 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Telmatornis rexShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. oxfordiOlson 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Nettapterornis oxfordi(Olson 1999) Mlikovskmiy 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctRomainvillia stehliniLebedinský 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)– anseranatide or anatide
Template:ExtinctProherodius oweniLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene) – presbyornithid?
Template:ExtinctParanyroca magnaMiller & Compton 1939Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene) – anatide or own family?
AnhimidaeStejneger 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palamedeinae Bonaparte 1831Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palamedeidae Gray 1840Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (screamers
Template:ExtinctD. stirtoniRich 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Stirton's Thunder Birds)
AnseranatidaeSclater 1880 sensu Stejneger 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (magpie-geese
Template:ExtinctEoanseranas handaeWorthy & Scanlon 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Hand's Dawn Magpie Goose)
Anseranatidae gen. et sp. nov (Late Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctPresbyornithidaeWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Telmabatidae Howard 1955Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctTeviornis gobiensisKuročkin, Dyke & Karhu 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Cretaceous)
Template:ExtinctHeadonornis hantoniensis(Lydekker 1891) Harrison & Walker 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Agnopterus hantoniensisLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Presbyornis hantoniensis(Lydekker 1891) Bocheński 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ptenornis] – only BMNH PAL 30325 belongs to this bird, may belong to Presbyornis.
Template:ExtinctPresbyornisWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [NautilornisWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ColtoniaHardy 1959Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Paleocene– Early Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctP. pervetusWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Nautilornis avusWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Nautilornis proavitusWetmore 1926Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
AnatidaeLeach 1820Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Cnemiornithidae Stejneger 1855Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Cygnidae Kaup 1850 fide GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Anseridae Kaup 1850 fide GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Cereopsidae Kaup 1850 fide GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Fuligulidae Carus 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Merganidae Swainson 1837Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Mergidae Gray 1840 fide 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Plectropteridae CarusScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Erismaturidae Carus 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Tadornidae Carus 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (ducks, geese and swans)
The diatrymas, a group of huge flightless Paleogene birds of unclear affinities. Traditionally placed within the Gruiformes, they are usually considered a distinct order nowadays and appear closer to the Anseriformes.
Template:ExtinctSonogrus gregalisKuročkin 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Ergilin Dzo Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Khor Dzan, Mongolia)
Template:ExtinctEogrusWetmore 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ProgrusBendukidze 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Irdin Manha Middle/Late Eocene – Tung Gur Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Mongolia)
Template:ExtinctE. aeolaWetmore 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctE. turanicus(Bendukidze 1971)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Progrus turanicusBendukidze 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctProergilornis minorKozlova 1960Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
Template:ExtinctErgilornisKozlova 1960Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".(Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
Template:ExtinctAmphipelargusLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [UrmiornisHarrison 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. brodkorbi(Karkhu 1997)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Urmiornis brodkorbiKarkhu 1997Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. majoriLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Amphipelargus maraghanus(Mecquenem 1925) Kuročkin 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Urmiornis maraghanusMecquenem 1925Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] [treated as ciconiid by Louchart et al. 2005]
Template:ExtinctA. cracrafti(Harrison & Walker 1982) Kuročkin 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Urmiornis cracraftiHarrison & Walker 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. ukrainus(Kuročkin 1981) Kuročkin 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Urmiornis ukrainusKuročkin 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. orientalis(Kuročkin 1981) Kuročkin 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Urmiornis orientalisKuročkin 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctEogeranoides campivagusCracraft 1969Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Willwood Early Eocene of Foster Gulch, US)
Template:ExtinctGeranoides jepseniWetmore 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Willwood Early Eocene of South Elk Creek, US)
Template:ExtinctGeranodornis aenigmaCracraft 1969Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Bridger middle Eocene of Church Buttes, US)
Template:ExtinctParagrusLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of WC US)
Template:ExtinctP. prentici(Loomis 1906) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Gallinuloides prenticiLoomis 1906Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Grus prentici(Loomis 1906)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPalaeogrusPortis 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Eocene of Germany and Italy – Middle Miocene of France)
Template:ExtinctP. princepsPortis 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Ornitocnemus robustus(sic) Zigno 1875 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Grus princeps(Portis 1885) Lydekker 1891aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. hordwelliensis(Lydekker 1891) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Grus hordwellianusLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ornitocnemus hordwelliensis(Lydekker) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctGeranopsis hastingsiaeLydekker 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Hordwell Late Eocene– Early Oligocene of England)– gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?
Template:ExtinctEobalearica tugarinoviGureev 1949Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Ferghana Late? Eocene of Ferghana, Uzbekistan)
Gruidae gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Grus confertaMiller & Sibley 1942Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Contra Costa County, US)
Template:ExtinctB. excelsa(Milne-Edwards 1871) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palaeogrus excelsa(Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Grus excelsaMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ornitocnemus excelsus(Milne-Edwards 1871) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctB. exiguaFeduccia & Voorhies 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctB. rummeli(Mlíkovský 1998) Mourer-Chauviré 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Basityto rummeliMlíkovský 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (giant barn-owl)
Template:ExtinctG. moldavica(Kuročkin & Ganya 1972) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Probalearica moldavicaKuročkin & Ganya 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctG. nannodesWetmore & Martin 1930Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctG. pageiCampbell 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctG. penteliciGaudry 1862Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Pliogrus pentelici(Gaudry 1862) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; G. afghanaMourer-Chauviré et al. 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctAletornisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ProtogrusLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctA. marshi(Shufeldt 1915) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Grus marshiShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Protogrus marshi(Shufeldt 1915)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. nobilisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Grus nobilis(Marsh 1872) ShufeldtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Protogrus nobilis(Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctAustrallusWorthy & Boles 2011Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctA. disneyi(Boles 2005) Worthy & Boles 2011Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Gallinula disneyiBoles 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctFulicaletornis venustus(Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Aletornis venustusMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctMiofulica dejardini(Van Beneden 1871) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Fulica dejardiniiVan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctMiorallus major(Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus majorMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Middle – Late Miocene)
Template:ExtinctPalaeoaramidesLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PararallusLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TertiariaporphyrulaKuročkin & Ganya 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene – Late Miocene)
Template:ExtinctP. lungi(Kuročkin & Ganya 1972) Olson 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Tertiariaporphyrula lungiKuročkin & Ganya 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Mioporphyrula lungi(Kurochkin &Ganya 1972)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. christyi(Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus christyiMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rallus eximiusMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeoaramides eximius(Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. beaumontii(Milne-Edwards 1869) Cracraft 1973Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus beaumontiiMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pararallus beaumontii(Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1967)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Tertiariaporphyrula beaumonti(Milne-Edwards) Kuročkin & Ganea 1972Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rallus disparMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pararallus dispar(Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeoaramides dispar(Milne-Edwards 1869)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctParaortygometra porzanoides(Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [MicrorallusŠvec 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rallus porzanoidesMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Microrallus fejfariŠvec 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Oligocene/?Early Miocene –? Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctParvirallusHarrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early – middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctP. gracilisHarrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctPastushkinia zazhigini(Kuročkin 1980) Zelenkov 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Crex zazhiginiKuročkin 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctQ. ludianusBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Quercyrallus intermediusMilne-Edwards 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rallus adelusOberholser 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ludiortyx adelus(Oberholser 1917)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctQ. arenarius(Milne-Edwards 1891) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus arenariusMilne-Edwards 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Rallidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)– several species
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V55013/-14; UMMP V55012/V45750/V45746 (Late Pliocene)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V29080 (Late Pliocene)
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Bermuda, West Atlantic)
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Rallus [[[:Template:Extinct]]EpirallusMiller 1942Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Middle Miocene – Recent)
Template:ExtinctR. auffenbergi(Brodkorb 1954)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Porzana auffenbergiBrodkorb 1954Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctR. minutusAlcover et al. 2015 non Pallas 1776 non Gmelin 1789 non Forster 1844Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctR. natator(Miller 1942)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Epirallus natatorMiller 1942Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctR. richmondiOlson 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus dubiusPortis 1887 non Piller & Mitterpacher 1783Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. pierceiOlson & Wingate 2000Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctP. risillusKuročkin 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Rallus risillus(Kuročkin 1980) Kuročkin 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctStrigogypsGaillard 1908Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [AenigmavisPeters 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; AmeghinornisMourer-Chauviré 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; EocathartesLambrecht 1935 non Wetmore 1944Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; GeiselocerosLambrecht 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctS. robustus(Lambrecht 1935)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Eocathartes robustusLambrecht 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Geiseloceros robustusLambrecht 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene of Germany)
Template:ExtinctS. sapea(Peters 1987)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Aenigmavis sapeaPeters 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ameghinornis minorMourer-Chauviré 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctEutreptornis uintaeCracraft 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Uinta Late Eocene of Ouray Agency, US)
Template:ExtinctNeocathartes grallator(Wetmore 1944) Wetmore 1950Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [EocathartesWetmore 1944 non Lambrecht 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Eocathartes grallatorWetmore 1944Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Bathornis grallator(Wetmore 1944) Olson 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Eocene)
Template:ExtinctParacraxBrodkorb 1964Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early/middle Oligocene of Gerry's Ranch, US – Brule Late Oligocene of South Dakota, US)
Template:ExtinctP. antiqua(Marsh 1871) Cracraft 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Meleagris antiquusMarsh 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Oligocorax mediterraneus(Shufeldt 1915)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phalacrocorax mediterraneusShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctBathornithidae gen. nov. (Early – middle Oligocene of C US) – formerly Bathornis celeripesWetmore 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". and B. cursorWetmore 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctBathornisWetmore 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Oligocene – Early Miocene of C US)
Template:ExtinctB. minorCracraft 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctB. veredusWetmore 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Palaeogyps prodromusWetmore 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Oligocene of WC North America)
Template:ExtinctIdiornithidaeBrodkorb 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Orthocnemidae]
Template:ExtinctDynamopterusMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [IdiornisOberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; OrthocnemusMilne-Ewards 1892 non Jekel 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany –? Quercy Phosphorites middle Oligocene of Quercy, France)
Template:ExtinctI. cursor(Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Orthocnemus cursorMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Orthocnemus majorMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Idiornis major(Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctI. gallicus(Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Filholornis gravisMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Orthocnemus gallicusMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Agnopterus gallicus(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctI. gracilis(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mourer-Chauviré 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Elaphrocnemus gracilisMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Agnopterus gracilis(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctI. minor(Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Orthocnemus minorMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Agnopterus minor(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctD. anthracinus(Mayr 2002) Mourer-Chauviré 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Idiornis anthracinusMayr 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctD. tuberculata(Peters 1995) Mourer-Chauviré 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Idiornis tuberculataPeters 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctD. gaillardi(Cracraft 1973) Mourer-Chauviré 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Idiornis gaillardiCracraft 1973Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctD. itardiensis(Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mourer-Chauviré 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Idiornis itardiensisMourer-Chauviré 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Agnopterus itardiensis(Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctTalantatosReichenbach 1852Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ElaphrocnemusMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; FilholornisMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of France)
Template:ExtinctT. bordkorbi(Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Elaphrocnemus bordkorbiMourer-Chauviré 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctT. crex(Milne-Edwards 1892)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Elaphrocnemus crexMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctT. phasianus(Milne-Edwards 1892)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Elaphrocnemus phasianusMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Filholornis debilisMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Filholornis paradoxaMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctT. fossilis(Giebel 1847) Reichenbach 1852Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Tantalus fossilisGiebel 1847Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Orthocnemus majorMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Idiornis major(Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Telecrex peregrinusMlíkovský 1989bScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctT. proudlocki(Harrison & Walker 1979) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Percolinus proudlockiHarrison & Walker 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctGypsornisMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PercolinusHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Montmartre Late Eocene of Montmartre, France)
Template:ExtinctG. cuvieriMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctG. venablesi(Harrison & Walker 1977) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Percolinus venablesiHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPropelargusLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [OblitavisMourer-Chauviré 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctP. insolitus(Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Oblitavis insolitusMourer-Chauviré 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctOccitaniavis elatus(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mourer-Chauvire 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [GeranopsisMilne-Edwards 1892 non Lydekker 1891aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Geranopsis elatusMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Propelargus elatus(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctIbidopodiaMilne-Edwards 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) – threskiornithid?
Template:ExtinctProcariama simplexRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctPsilopterusMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PelecyornisAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; StaphylornisMercerat 1897Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Oligocene – Late Miocene)
Template:ExtinctP. bachmanni(Moreno & Mercerat 1891)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Patagornis bachmanniMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Psilopterus communisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Psilopterus intermediusMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phororhacos delicatusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pelecyornis puerredonensisSinclair & Farr 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. lemoinei(Moreno & Mercerat 1891)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Patagornis lemoineiMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Psilopterus australisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pelecyornis tubulatusAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phorohacos modicusAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Staphylornis gallardoiMercerat 1897Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Staphylornis erythacusMercerat 1897Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Pelecyornis tenuirostrisSinclair & Farr 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. affinis(Ameghino 1899)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Phororhacos affinisAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. colzecusTonni & Tambussi 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctMesembriornisMoreno 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PaleociconiaMoreno 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ProphorohacosRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; HermosiornisRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Miocene – Late Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctM. milneedwardsiMoreno 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Paleociconia australisMoreno 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Driornis pampeanusMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Hermosiornis milneedwardsiRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Hermosiornis rapaxKraglievich 1946Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Prophororhacos australisBrodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. incertus(Rovereto 1914)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Prophororhacos incertusRovereto 1914Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPatagornis marshiMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [MorenomercatiaLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TolmodusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Tolmodus inflatusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phorusrhacos inflatusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Paleociconia cristata(Lambrecht 1933) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Morenomerceraria cristataLambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early – Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctAndalgalornis steulleti(Kraglievich 1931) Patterson & Kraglievich 1960Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Phororhacos steulleti Kraglijevič 1931; Phororhacos deautieriKraglijevič 1931Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Andalgalornis feroxPatterson & Kraglijevič 1960Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctPhorusrhacos longissimusAmeghino 1887Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [StereornisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; DarwinornisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; OwenornisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; TitanornisMercerat 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; CallornisAmeghino 1895 nonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".CalornisDalman 1820Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; EucallornisAmeghino 1901Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; LiornisAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phororhacos longissimusAmeghino 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phororhacos platygnathusAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phororhacos sehuensisAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Stereornis rollieriMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Stereornis gaundryiMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Mesembriornis studeriMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Mesembriornis quatrefragesiMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Darwinornis copeiMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Darwinornis zittelliMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Darwinornis socialisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Owenornis affinisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Owenornis lydekkeriMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Titanornis mirabilisMercerat 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Callornis giganteusAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Eucallornis giganteusAmeghino 1901Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Liornis floweriAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Liornis minorDolgopol de Saez 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early – Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctDevincenzia pozzi(Kraglievich 1931) Kraglievich 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Onactornis Cabrera 1939; Phorohacos pozziKraglievich 1931Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Phorohacos longissimus mendocinusKraglievich 1931Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Devincenzia gallinaliKraglievich 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Onactornis depressusCabrera 1939Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Onactornis pozzi(Kraglievich 1931) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Onactornis mendocinus(Kraglievich 1931) Brodkorb 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctTitanis walleriBrodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early – Late Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctKelenken guillermoiBertelli, Chiappe & Tambussi 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early – Late Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctPhysornis fortisAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [AucornisAmeghino 1898Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Aucornis euryrhynchusAmeghino 1898Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle – Late Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctParaphysornis brasiliensis(Alvarenga 1982) Alvarenga 1993Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Physornis brasiliensisAlvarenga 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene)
Template:ExtinctBrontornis burmeisteriMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [RostrornisMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Rostrornis floweriMoreno & Mercerat 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Brontornis platyonyxAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early – Middle Miocene)
CariamidaeBonaparte 1850Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – seriemas
Template:ExtinctPseudolarus guaraniticusAmeghino 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PseudogaviaSharpe 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; AmeghiniaSharpe 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctNoriegavis santacrucensis(Noriega, Vizcaino & Bargo 2009) Agnolin 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Cariama santacrucensisNoriega, Vizcaino & Bargo 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctLithoptila abdounensisBourdon, Bouya & Iarochène 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Paleocene – Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)– including Abdounornis
PhaethontidaeBrandt 1831Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – tropicbirds
?Template:ExtinctProplegadis fisheriHarrison & Walker 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (London Clay Early Eocene of England) – Threskiornithidae?
Template:ExtinctPhaethusavis pelagicusBourdon, Amaghzaz & Bouya 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)
Template:ExtinctHeliadornisOlson 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Miocene of North America and Europe)
Template:ExtinctGrallavis edwardsi(Lydekker 1891c) Cheneval 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Propelargus edwardsiLydekker 1891cScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Palaeoephippiorhynchus edwardsi(Lydekker 1891)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Miocene) – may be same as Prociconia
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Aquilavus bilinicus(Laube 1909) Brodkorb 1964Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Cygnus bilinicusLaube 1909Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene)
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)
cf. Leptoptilos gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Leptoptilos siwalicensisHarrison 1974Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Miocene? - Late Pliocene)
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pleistocene) – Ciconia or Mycteria?
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Ciconia (Early Miocene? – Recent) – includes Xenorhynchus
Template:ExtinctC. lydekkeriAmeghino 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Middle to Late Pleistocene)
Template:ExtinctC. malthaMiller 1910Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Asphalt/La Brea stork)
Template:ExtinctC. nana(De Vis 1888) Rich & van Tets 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Xenorhynchus nanusDe Vis 1888Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Australian stork)
Template:ExtinctM. milleri(Short 1966)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Dissourodes milleriShort 1966Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Leptoptilos (Late Miocene – Recent) – includes Cryptociconia
Template:ExtinctL. falconeri(Milne-Edwards 1868) Lydekker 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Argala falconeriMilne-Edwards 1867Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctL. inidcus(Harrison 1974)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Cryptociconia indicaHarrison 1974Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctL. lüiZhang et al. 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
The group that includes modern pelicans and cormorants. As presented here paraphyletic; the tropicbird lineage is not part of this group and relationships with Procellariiformes and Sphenisciformes require more research. Also, as the pelicans are at least as close to the Ciconiiformes as to cormorants, the latter group is being recognized as Phalacrocoraciiformes by some recent authors and the core Pelecaniformes are occasionally merged into the Ciconiiformes.
Basal and unresolved forms
Template:ExtinctPiscator tenuirostrisHarrison & Walker 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early-Late Eocene of England) (Auk98:199)– basal phalacrococacoid?
Template:Extinct"Prophalacrocorax ronzoni(Gervais 1849) Harrison 1975Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula ronzoni(Gervais 1849) Milne-Edwards 1897Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Mergus ronzonironzoni Gervais 1849Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France)
Template:Extinct "Pelecaniformes" gen. et sp. indet. (Jebel Qatrani Early Oligocene of Fayum, Egypt) basal phalacrococacoid (similar to Piscator?)?
Template:ExtinctEmpheresula arvenensis(Milne-Edwards 1867) Harrison 1975Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula arvernensisMilne-Edwards 1867Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Parasula] (Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctM. avitus(Wetmore 1938)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula (Microsula) avita(Wetmore 1938)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Microsula avitusWetmore 1938Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. lompocanusDomning 1978Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula lompocana(Domning 1978)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. loxostylus(Cope 1870) Brodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula loxostylaCope 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Morus atlanticus(Shufeldt 1915)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Sula atlanticaShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. olsoniGrigorescu & Kessler 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctM. peninsularisBrodkorb 1955Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula peninsularis(Brodkorb 1955)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. peruvianusStucchi 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula peruviana(Stucchi 2003)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. reyanusHoward 1936Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Del Rey gannet)
Template:ExtinctM. vagabundusWetmore 1930Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula vagabundus(Wetmore 1930)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. willetti(Miller 1925)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Sula willettiMiller 1925Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctS. humeralisMiller & Bowman 1958Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Morus humeralisMiller & Bowman 1958Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctS. magna(Howard 1978) Stucchi 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Morus magnusHoward 1978Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctBorvocarboMourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Oligocene of C Europe) – phalacrocoracid? basal phalacrococacoid?
Template:ExtinctB. guillotiMourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctB. tardatusGöhlich & Mourer-Chauviré 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctLimicorallusKuročkin 1968Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctN. miocaenus(Milne-Edwards 1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [?Phalacrocorax miocaenus(Milne-Edwards 1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctN. anatolicus(Mourer-Chauviré 1978) Mlíkovský 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Phalacrocorax anatolicusMourer-Chauviré 1978Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctO. littoralisMilne-Edwards 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Phalacrocorax littoralis(Milne-Edwards 1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctO. stoeffelensis(Mayr 2007) Mayr 2014Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Oligocorax sp.Mayr 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Borvocarbo stoeffelensisMayr 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Placement unresolved
Template:ExtinctPhalacrocoracidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Eocene ?–? mid-Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctP. gregorii(De Vis 1905)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Australocorax vetustusDe Vis 1905Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. destefani(Regalia 1902)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Paracorax destefaniRegalia 1902Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. femoralis(Miller 1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Miocorax femoralisMiller 1929Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. idahensis(Marsh 1870)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Graculus idahensisMarsh 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. longipes(Tugarinov 1940)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Pliocarbo longipesTugarinov 1940Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. macropus(Cope 1878)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Graculus macropusCope 1878Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. marinavis(Shufeldt 1915)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Oligocorax marinavisShufeldt 1915Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctProtoplotus beaufortiLambrecht 1931Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Paleocene? – middle Eocene of Sumatra)
Template:ExtinctMacranhingaNoriega 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (giant snake-birds) (Middle/Late Miocene –? Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctA. hadarensisBrodkorb & Mourer-Chauviré 1982Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctA. laticeps(De Vis 1906)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Plotus laticepsDe Vis 1906Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. subvolans(Brodkorb 1956) Becker 1986Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Phalacrocorax subvolansBrodkorb 1956Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. fraileyiCampbell 1996Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [?Macranhinga fraileyi(Campbell 1996)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. grandisMartin & Mengel 1975Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctA. minutaAlvarenga & Guilherme 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctM. gracilis(Milne-Edwards 1863) Cheneval 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Pelecanus gracilisMilne-Edwards 1863Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctM. intermedius(Fraas 1870) Cheneval 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Pelecanus intermediusFraas 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctProardea amissa(Milne-Edwards 1892) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Ardea amissaMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Egretta amissa(Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský & Švec 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Eocene –? Late Oligocene)
Template:ExtinctProardeola walkeriHarrison 1979)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Ardea FormosaMilne-Edwards 1871 (nomen nudum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ardeola walker(Harrison 1979) Mlíkovský & Švec 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] – possibly same as Proardea
Threskiornithidae gen. et sp. indet. NMMP-KU 1301 (Pondaung middle Eocene of Paukkaung, Myanmar) – Threskiornithinae?
Template:ExtinctGerandibis paganus(Milne-Edwards 1868) De Pietri 2013Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Milnea Lydekker1891a non Reichenbach 1866Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ibis paganaMilne-Edwards 1868Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Eudocimus paganus(Milne-Edvards 1868) Sharpe 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Plegadis paganus(Milne-Edvards 1868) Olson 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Actiornis pagana(Milne-Edwards 1868) Harrison 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Milnea gracilisLydekker 1891aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Plegadis gracilis(Lydekker 1891) Cheneval 1984 non Miller & Bowman 1956Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctRhynchaeites messelensisWittich 1898Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [PlumumidaHoch 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Plumumida lutetialisHoch 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany) – may include Mopsitta
Template:ExtinctG. perplexus(Milne-Edwards 1869) Cheneval 2000Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Ardea perplexaMilne-Edwards 1869Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Proardea perplexus(Milne-Edwards 1869) Gaillard 1939Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. chione(Emslie 1995)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Ajaia chioneEmslie 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. tiangangensisHou 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Xiacaowan Middle Miocene of Sihong, China)
Template:ExtinctP. pharangitesOlson 1981Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Plegadis gracilisMiller & Bowman 1956 non (Lydekker 1891)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Late Pliocene of WC US)
Template:ExtinctE. leiseyiEmslie 1995aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Pleistocene of Florida)
Template:ExtinctE. peruvianusCampbell 1979Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Pleistocene of Peru; may be living species)
Template:ExtinctRupelornis van Beneden 1871 [GaviotaFischer 1983 non Miller & Sibley 1941Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; ArdeitaCheneval 1996Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; DiomedeoidesFischer 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; FrigidafronsCheneval 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Oligocene– Early Miocene of C Europe and Iran)
Template:ExtinctR. harmati(Kessler 2009) Mayr & Smith 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Diomedeoides harmatiKessler 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctR. definitusvan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Vanellus selysiivan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Anas creccoidesvan Beneden 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Gaviota lipsiensisFischer 1983Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Diomedeoides minimusFischer 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Frigidafrons brodkorbiCheneval 1995Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Ardeita gracilisCheneval 1996 (nomen nudum)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Diomedeoides lipsiensis(Fischer 1983) Mayr et al. 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Diomedeoides brodkorbi(Cheneval 1995) Fischer 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctR. babaheydariensis(Peters & Hamedani 2000) Mayr & Smith 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Frigidafons babaheydariensisPeters & Hamedani 2000Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Diomedeoides babaheydariensis(Peters & Hamedani 2000) Mayr, Peters & Rietschel 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctMurunkus subitusPanteleyev & Nesov 1993Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctPlotornisMilne-Edwards 1874Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ChenornisPortis 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early – Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctP. arvernensis(Milne-Edwards 1871) Cheneval 1984aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Puffinus arvernensisMilne-Edwards 1871 nomen nudumScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Puffinus arvernensisShufeldt 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. graculoides(Portis 1884) Mayr & Pavia 2014Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Chenornis graculoidesPortis 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctTydea septentrionalisMayr & Smith 2012Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Oligocene of the North Sea basin)
Template:ExtinctDiomedeidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of South Carolina)
Template:Extinct"Oceanodroma" hubbsiMiller 1951Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Hubbs' Storm-petrel)(Capistrano Middle/Late Miocene of Orange County, US)
Template:ExtinctArgyrodyptes microtarsusAmeghino 1905Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (San Julián Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Chubut, Argentina)
Template:ExtinctP. aquitanicus(Milne-Edwards) Brodkorb 1963Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Procellaria aquitanicaMilne-Edwards 1874Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctP. antiquus(Milne-Edwards) Brodkorb 1963cScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Procellaria antiquaMilne-Edwards 1874Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
OpisthocomidaeSwainson 1837Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Foratidae Olson 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Onychopterygidae Cracraft 1971Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctForo panariumOlson 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Eocene) - cuculiform?
Template:ExtinctNamibiavis senutaeMourer-Chauviré 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Oligocene of Namibia)
Template:ExtinctHoazinavis lacustrisAlvarenga, Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2011Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Miocene of Brazil)
Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene of WC Europe)
Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)
Template:ExtinctVeflintornisKashin 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [ApopempsisBrodkorb 1971 non Schenkling 1903Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctV. meini(Ballmann 1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Musophaga meiniBallmann 1969Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctV. africanus(Harrison 1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Musophaga africanusHarrison 1980Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Apopempsis africanus(Harrison 1980)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Miocene)
Template:ExtinctAiolornis incredibilis(Howard 1952) Campbell, Scott & Springer 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Teratornis incredibilisHoward 1952Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Pliocene – Late Pleistocene)
Template:ExtinctOscaravis olsoni(Arredondo & Arredondo 2002) Suarez & Olson 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Teratornis olsoniArredondo & Arredondo 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Cuban teratorn)(Pleistocene)
Template:ExtinctPerugyps diaziStucchi & Emslie 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Peruvian vulture) (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctDryornis (Argentinean vulture) Moreno & Mercerat, 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene – Late Pliocene) – similar to the extant genus Vultur
Template:ExtinctPelargopappusStejneger 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".(Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) – formerly Amphiserpentarius/Amynoptilon/Pelargopsis
Template:ExtinctPediohierax ramenta(Wetmore 1936) Becker 1987Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Falco ramentaWetmore 1936Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] - (Middle Miocene)
Template:ExtinctThegornis musculosusAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Thegornis debilisAmeghino 1895Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Buteo musculosus(Ameghino 1895) Agnolin 2006Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPetrosushkinia pliocaena(Tugarinov 1935) Zelenkov 2015Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [SushkiniaTugarinov 1935 non Martynov 1930Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Sushkinia pliocaenaTugarinov 1935Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Pliocene)
Template:ExtinctLaputavis robusta(Dyke 2001a) Dyke 2001bScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [LaputaDyke 2001a nonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Laputa robustaDyke 2001aScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctScaniacypselusHarrison 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early – middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctS. wardiHarrison 1984Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctS. szarskii(Peters 1985) Meyr & Peters 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Aegialornis szarskiiPeters 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Primapus szarskii(Peters 1985) Mourer-Chauviré 1988Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPrimapus lackiHarrison & Walker 1975Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [?Procuculus minutusHarrison & Walker 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Eocene) ?apodid
Template:ExtinctAegialornisLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [TachyornisMilne-Edwards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; BelornisMilne-Edwards 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; MesogiornisMlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".](Early? – Late Eocene)
Template:ExtinctA. gallicusLydekker 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Tachyornis hirundoMilne-Edwards 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. wetmoreiCollins 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Mesogiornis wetmorei(Collins 1976) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctA. broweriCollins 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Mesogiornis broweri(Collins 1976) Mlíkovský 2002Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctParargornis messelensisMayr 2003Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (middle Eocene) jungornithid, trochilid, basal as Argornis?
Template:ExtinctCypselavus gallicusGaillard 1908Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene Early Oligocene) aegialornithid or hemiprocnid
Template:ExtinctEocolius walkeriDyke & Waterhouse 2001Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze, England) - sandcoleid or coliid
Template:ExtinctLimnatornisMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France) - coliid? (Urocolius?)
Template:ExtinctColiiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Kohfidisch, Austria)[21]
Template:ExtinctUintornisMarsh 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". - sandcoleid?
Genus Template:ExtinctChascacocoliusHoude & Olson 1992Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene) - basal? sandcoleid?
Family Template:ExtinctSelmeidaeZelenkov & Dyke 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctSelmes absurdipesPeters 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Middle Eocene ?-Late Oligocene of C Europe) - coliid? (synonym of Primocolius?)
Family Template:ExtinctSandcoleidaeHoude & Olson 1992 sensu Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctZealandornis relictusWorthy et al., 2022Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)
Template:ExtinctCryptornis antiquusGervais 1848–52 [nomen nudum]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene) – bucerotid? geranopterid?
Template:ExtinctProtornis glarniensisvon Meyer 1856Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Oligocene) – basal to motmotids and meropids?
Template:Extinct Coraciiformes gen. et spp. indet. PQ 1216, QU 15640 (Late Eocene) – 2 species
Template:ExtinctGeranopterusMilne-Edvards 1892Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Eocene – Early Miocene)
Template:ExtinctG. alatus(Mayr & Mourer-Chauvire 2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctG. bohemicus(Mlikovsky 1999) Mourer-Chauvire 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Nupharanassa bohemicaMlikovsky 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctPrimobucconidaeFeduccia & Martin 1976 sensu Mayr, Mourer-Chauviré & Weidig 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctPrimobuccoBrodkorb 1970Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [NeanisBrodkorb 1965 non Gistl 1848Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early – middle Eocene)
Template:ExtinctP. kestneri Feduccia 1973Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Neanis kestneri(Feduccia 1973) Feduaccia 1976Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
Template:ExtinctP. frugilegusMayr, Mourer-Chauviré & Weidig 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:ExtinctEuroceros bulgaricusBoev & Kovachev 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo, Bulgaria)
Template:ExtinctParatrogon gallicus(Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Trogon gallicusMilne-Edwards 1871Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (Early Miocene of France)
Template:ExtinctPrimotrogonMayr 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [MasillatrogonMayr 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany? - Early Oligocene of France)
Template:ExtinctP. pumilioMayr 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [Masillatrogon pumilio(Mayr 2005) Mayr 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".]
These fossil taxa cannot be assigned to any major group with reasonable certainty. The "proto-birds" above are of some indeterminate basal position in the entire avialan (and paravian) radiation, but known from such diagnostic material that their relationships at the family level are known. In contrast, the taxa here have a hypodigm that is usually just sufficient for giving them a valid scientific name, but not for phylogenetic purposes beyond classing them as pygostylians or more modern birds. Some, however, are known from such fragmentary remains that the possibility that they are non-avian "reptiles" such as dinosaurs cannot be ruled out at present.
Template:Extinct"Ichthyornis" minusculus Nesov 1990 (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan) – enantiornithine?
Chiappe, Luis M. (2001): The rise of birds. In: Briggs, Derek E.G. & Crowther, P.R. (eds.): Palaeobiology II: A Synthesis: 102-106. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Chiappe, Luis M. (2002): Basal bird phylogeny: problems and solutions. In: Chiappe, L.M. and Witmer, L.M. (eds.): Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs: 448-472. University of California Press, Berkeley, US.
Gauthier, Jacques A. & de Queiroz, Kevin (2001): Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name "Aves". In: Gauthier, Jacques & Gall, L.F. (eds.): New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom: 7-41. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Mortimer, Michael (2004): The Theropod Database: Phylogeny of taxa. Retrieved 2013-MAR-02.
Olson, Storrs L. (1985): The fossil record of birds. In: Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): Avian Biology8: 79-238. Academic Press, New York. Not in copyright; PDF fulltext