87th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The 87th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1961, to January 3, 1963, during the final weeks of Dwight D. Eisenhower's presidency and the first two years of John Kennedy's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1950 United States census, along with two seats temporarily added in 1959 (one member each from recently admitted states of Alaska and Hawaii).

Both chambers had a Democratic majority (albeit reduced in the House). With President Kennedy being sworn in on January 20, 1961, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 82nd Congress in 1952.

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Major events

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  • January 3, 1961: President Eisenhower severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba.
  • January 20, 1961: Inauguration of President John F. Kennedy.
  • April 17, 1961: Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba began; it fails by April 19.
  • May 4, 1961: Freedom Riders began interstate bus rides to test the new U.S. Supreme Court integration decision.
  • May 5, 1961: Alan Shepard became the first American in space aboard Mercury-Redstone 3.
  • May 25, 1961: President Kennedy announced his goal to put a man on the Moon before the end of the decade
  • November 16, 1961: House Speaker Sam Rayburn dies from pancreatic cancer. His funeral is held on November 20th.
  • February 3, 1962: Embargo against Cuba was announced
  • February 20, 1962: John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth
  • March 26, 1962: Supreme Court ruled that federal courts could order state legislatures to reapportion seats (Baker v. Carr)
  • October 1, 1962: James Meredith registered as the first black student at the University of Mississippi, escorted by Federal Marshals.
  • October 14, 1962 - October 28, 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis

Major legislation

File:Kennedy Giving Historic Speech to Congress - GPN-2000-001658.jpg
Senate President Lyndon Johnson (L) and House Speaker Sam Rayburn seated behind President John Kennedy during his first State of the Union address on January 30, 1961.

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Constitutional amendments

File:24th Amendment Pg1of1 AC.jpg
The official Joint Resolution of Congress proposing what became the 24th Amendment as contained in the National Archives

Party summary

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Leadership

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Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

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Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1962; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1964; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1966.

Currently, this is the last Congressional session in which the Democratic Party commanded all Senate seats from the Deep South, a unity broken when a Republican defeated the appointed successor to Lyndon Johnson's seat in a 1961 Senate special election.

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House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

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Changes in membership

Senate

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|- | Texas
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William A. Blakley (D) | Lost special election.
Successor elected June 14, 1961. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John Tower (R) | June 15, 1961

|- | New Hampshire
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Styles Bridges (R) | Died November 26, 1961.
Successor appointed December 7, 1961. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Maurice J. Murphy Jr. (R) | December 7, 1961

|- | Kansas
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Andrew Frank Schoeppel (R) | Died January 21, 1962.
Successor appointed January 31, 1962, and then elected November 6, 1962. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James B. Pearson (R) | January 31, 1962

|- | South Dakota
(3) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Francis H. Case (R) | Died June 23, 1962.
Successor appointed July 9, 1962 to finish the term. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joseph H. Bottum (R) | July 9, 1962

|- | Idaho
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry Dworshak (R) | Died July 23, 1962.
Successor appointed August 6, 1962, and then elected November 6, 1962. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Leonard B. Jordan (R) | August 6, 1962

|- | Wyoming
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John J. Hickey (D) | Lost special election.
Successor elected November 6, 1962. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Milward Simpson (R) | November 6, 1962

|- | Massachusetts
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Benjamin A. Smith II (D) | Successor elected November 6, 1962. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ted Kennedy (D) | November 7, 1962

|- | New Hampshire
(2) | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Maurice J. Murphy Jr. (R) | Lost special election.
Successor elected November 6, 1962. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas J. McIntyre (D) | November 7, 1962

|- | New Mexico
(1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Dennis Chávez (D) | Died November 18, 1962.
Successor appointed November 30, 1962 to continue the term. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edwin L. Mechem (R) | November 30, 1962

|- | Oklahoma
(2) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert S. Kerr (D) | Died January 1, 1963. | Vacant | Not filled this term

|}

House of Representatives

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|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Stewart Udall (D) | Resigned January 18, 1961 to become United States Secretary of the Interior. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Mo Udall (D) | May 2, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| William F. Norrell (D) | Died February 15, 1961. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Catherine Dorris Norrell (D) | April 18, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Walter M. Mumma (R) | Died February 25, 1961. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John C. Kunkel (R) | May 16, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| B. Carroll Reece (R) | Died March 19, 1961. | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Louise Goff Reece (R) | May 16, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Overton Brooks (D) | Died September 16, 1961. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joe Waggonner (D) | December 19, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) | Resigned September 18, 1961 to become judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lucien Nedzi (D) | November 7, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Paul J. Kilday (D) | Resigned September 24, 1961 to become judge of United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry B. González (D) | November 4, 1961

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Louis C. Rabaut (D) | Died November 12, 1961. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Harold M. Ryan (D) | February 13, 1962

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Sam Rayburn (D) | Died November 16, 1961. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ray Roberts (D) | January 30, 1962

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Frank N. Ikard (D) | Resigned December 15, 1961. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Graham B. Purcell Jr. (D) | January 27, 1962

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Lester Holtzman (D) | Resigned December 31, 1961 to become judge of the New York Supreme Court. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Benjamin Stanley Rosenthal (D) | February 20, 1962

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| John J. Riley (D) | Died January 1, 1962. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Corinne Boyd Riley (D) | April 10, 1962

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Hugh Joseph Addonizio (D) | Resigned June 30, 1962 to become Mayor of Newark, New Jersey. | rowspan=3 | Vacant | rowspan=3 | Not filled this term

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Clement Woodnutt Miller (D) | Died October 7, 1962.

|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap| Frank Ellis Smith (D) | Resigned November 14, 1962.

|}

Committees

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Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

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