Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Sidebar". An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869.[1]

Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States grants plenary power to the president to nominate, and with the advice and consent (confirmation) of the Senate, appoint justices to the Supreme Court. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution effectively grants life tenure to associate justices, and all other federal judges, which ends only when a justice dies, retires, resigns, or is impeached and convicted.[2]

Each Supreme Court justice has a single vote in deciding the cases argued before it, and the chief justice's vote counts no more than that of any other justice; however, the chief justice leads the discussion of the case among the justices. Furthermore, the chief justice—when in the majority—decides who writes the court's opinion; otherwise, the senior justice in the majority assigns the writing of a decision. The chief justice also has certain administrative responsibilities that the other justices do not and is paid slightly more ($298,500 per year as of 2023, compared to $285,400 per year for an associate justice).[3]

Associate justices have seniority in order of the date their respective commissions bear, although the chief justice is always considered to be the most senior justice. If two justices are commissioned on the same day, the elder is designated the senior justice of the two. Currently, the senior associate justice is Clarence Thomas. By tradition, when the justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Supreme Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority. The senior associate justice is also tasked with carrying out the chief justice's duties when he is unable to, or if that office is vacant.

Current associate justices

There are currently eight associate justices on the Supreme Court. The justices, ordered by seniority, are:

Retired associate justices

An associate justice who leaves the Supreme Court after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements prescribed by federal statute (28 U.S.C. Template:Trim/Template:Trim § Template:Trim) may retire rather than resign. After retirement, they keep their title, and by custom may also keep a set of chambers in the Supreme Court building, and employ law clerks. The names of retired associate justices continue to appear alongside those of the active justices in the bound volumes of Supreme Court decisions. Federal statute (28 U.S.C. Template:Trim/Template:Trim § Template:Trim) provides that retired Supreme Court justices may serve—if designated and assigned by the chief justice—on panels of the U.S. courts of appeals, or on the U.S. district courts. Retired justices are not, however, authorized to take part in the consideration or decision of any cases before the Supreme Court (unlike other retired federal judges who may be permitted to do so in their former courts); neither are they known or designated as a "senior judge". When, after his retirement, William O. Douglas attempted to take a more active role than was customary, maintaining that it was his prerogative to do so because of his senior status, he was rebuffed by Chief Justice Warren Burger and admonished by the whole Court.[12] There are currently two living retired associate justices: Anthony Kennedy, retired July 31, 2018, and Stephen Breyer, retired June 30, 2022.

List of associate justices

Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, the following 104 persons have served as an associate justice:[13][14]

Associate justice Replacing Date confirmed
(Vote) 		TenureTemplate:Efn Appointed by Prior positionTemplate:Efn
1 File:John Rutledge color painting.jpg John Rutledge (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 4, 1791
(Resigned)Template:Efn 		George Washington 31st
governor of South Carolina
(1779–1782)
2 File:William Cushing (Restored).jpg William CushingTemplate:Efn (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 13, 1810
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the
Massachusetts Superior Court
(1777–1789)
3 File:JusticeJamesWilson.jpg James Wilson (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 21, 1798
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Delegate to the
Constitutional Convention
(1787)
4 File:John Blair (page 82 crop).jpg John Blair (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 25, 1795
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Member of the
Virginia House of Burgesses
(1766–1770)
5 File:JamesIredell.jpg James Iredell (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 20, 1799
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2nd
attorney general of North Carolina
(1779–1782)
6 File:Thomas Johnson (governor).jpeg Thomas Johnson J. Rutledge Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
January 16, 1793
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1st
governor of Maryland
(1777–1779)
7 File:William Paterson copy.jpg William Paterson T. Johnson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 8, 1806
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2nd
governor of New Jersey
(1790–1793)
8 File:John Wesley Jarvis - Samuel Chase - NPG.67.2 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg Samuel ChaseTemplate:Efn Blair Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 19, 1811
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the
Maryland General Court
(1791–1796)
9 File:BushrodWashington.jpg Bushrod Washington Wilson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
November 26, 1829
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		John Adams Delegate to the
Virginia Ratifying Convention
(1788)
10 File:AlfredMoore.jpg Alfred Moore Iredell Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 26, 1804
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		3rd
attorney general of North Carolina
(1782–1791)
11 File:WilliamJohnson.jpg William Johnson Moore Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 4, 1834
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Thomas Jefferson Speaker of the
South Carolina House of Representatives
(1798–1800)
12 File:H. Brockholst Livingston.jpg Henry Brockholst Livingston Paterson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
March 18, 1823
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Justice of the
New York Supreme Court
(1802–1807)
13 File:Thomas Todd SCOTUS.jpg Thomas Todd (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 7, 1826
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the
Kentucky Court of Appeals
(1806–1807)
14 File:GabrielDuvall.jpg Gabriel Duvall Chase Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 12, 1835
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		James Madison U.S. representative for
Maryland's 2nd district
(1794–1796)
15 File:Daguerreotype of Joseph Story, 1844 (edit).jpg Joseph Story Cushing Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 10, 1845
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. representative for
Massachusetts's 2nd district
(1808–1809)
16 File:Secretary of the Navy, Smith Thompson.jpg Smith Thompson Livingston Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
December 18, 1843
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		James Monroe 6th
United States secretary of the Navy
(1819–1823)
17 File:RobertTrimble.jpg Robert Trimble Todd Template:Dts
(25–5) 		Template:Dts
–
August 25, 1828
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		John Quincy Adams Judge of the
United States District Court
for the District of Kentucky
(1817–1826)
18 File:Justice John McLean daguerreotype by Mathew Brady 1849.jpg John McLean Trimble Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
April 4, 1861
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Andrew Jackson 6th
United States postmaster general
(1823–1829)
19 File:Henry baldwin (justice).jpg Henry Baldwin Washington Template:Dts
(41–2) 		Template:Dts
–
April 21, 1844
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. representative for
Pennsylvania's 14th district
(1817–1822)
20 File:James Moore Wayne - Brady-Handy.jpg James Moore Wayne W. Johnson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 5, 1867
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. representative for
Georgia's at-large district
(1829–1835)
21 File:Philip Pendleton Barbour.jpg Philip P. Barbour Duvall Template:Dts
(30–11) 		Template:Dts
–
February 25, 1841
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Virginia
(1830–1836)
22 File:John Catron - Brady-Handy.jpg John Catron (new seat) Template:Dts
(28–15) 		Template:Dts
–
May 30, 1865
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
Tennessee Supreme Court
of Errors and Appeals
(1824–1834)
23 File:John McKinley.jpg John McKinley (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 19, 1852
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Martin Van Buren United States senator
from Alabama
(1826–1831, 1837)
24 File:Peter Vivian Daniel, US Supreme Court Justice, c1860 (cropped).jpg Peter Vivian Daniel Barbour Template:Dts
(25–5) 		Template:Dts
–
May 31, 1860
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Virginia
(1836–1841)
25 File:Samuel Nelson - Brady-Handy.jpg Samuel Nelson Thompson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 28, 1872
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		John Tyler Chief Justice of the New York Supreme Court
(1831–1845)
26 File:Levi Woodbury.jpg Levi Woodbury Story Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
September 4, 1851
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		James K. Polk 13th
United States secretary of the treasury
(1834–1841)
27 File:Robert Cooper Grier - Brady-Handy.jpg Robert Cooper Grier Baldwin Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 1870
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge for the
Pennsylvania state District Court
for Allegheny County
(1833–1846)
28 File:Benjamin Robbins Curtis - photo.png Benjamin Robbins Curtis Woodbury Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
September 30, 1857
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Millard Fillmore Massachusetts state representative
29 File:John Archibald Campbell - Brady-Handy.jpg John Archibald Campbell McKinley Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
April 30, 1861
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Franklin Pierce Alabama state representative
30 File:NClifford.jpg Nathan Clifford Curtis Template:Dts
(26–23) 		Template:Dts
–
July 25, 1881
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		James Buchanan 19th
United States attorney general
(1846–1848)
31 File:Noah Haynes Swayne, photo, head and shoulders, seated.jpg Noah Haynes Swayne McLean Template:Dts
(38–1) 		Template:Dts
–
January 24, 1881
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Abraham Lincoln U.S. attorney for the
District of Ohio
(1830–1834)
32 File:Samuel Freeman Miller - Brady-Handy.jpg Samuel Freeman Miller Daniel Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 13, 1890
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
33 File:DDavis.jpg David Davis Campbell Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
March 3, 1877
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
Illinois 3rd Circuit Court
(1848–1862)
34 File:Stephen Johnson Field, photo half length seated, 1875.jpg Stephen Johnson Field (new seat) Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 1, 1897
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		5th
chief justice of California
(1859–1863)
35 File:William Strong judge - Brady-Handy.jpg William Strong Grier Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 14, 1880
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Ulysses S. Grant U.S. representative for
Pennsylvania's 9th district
(1847–1851)
36 File:Joseph Philo Bradley - Brady-Handy.jpg Joseph P. Bradley (new seat) Template:Dts
(46–9) 		Template:Dts
–
January 22, 1892
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
37 File:Ward Hunt - Brady-Handy.jpg Ward Hunt Nelson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 27, 1882
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
(1868–1872)
38 File:JudgeJMHarlan.jpg John Marshall Harlan Davis Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 14, 1911
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Rutherford B. Hayes 14th
attorney general of Kentucky
(1863–1867)
39 File:William Burnham Woods.jpg William Burnham Woods Strong Template:Dts
(39–8) 		Template:Dts
–
May 14, 1887
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Fifth Circuit
(1869–1880)
40 File:Thomas Stanley Matthews - Brady-Handy.jpg Stanley Matthews Swayne Template:Dts
(24–23) 		Template:Dts
–
March 22, 1889
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		James A. Garfield United States senator
from Ohio
(1877–1879)
41 File:Horacegrayphoto.jpg Horace Gray Clifford Template:Dts
(51–5) 		Template:Dts
–
September 15, 1902
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chester A. Arthur Chief Justice of the
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
(1873–1881)
42 File:Samuel Blatchford.jpg Samuel Blatchford Hunt Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 7, 1893
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Second Circuit
(1878–1882)
43 File:Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II - Brady-Handy.jpg Lucius Quintus
Cincinnatus Lamar II 		Woods Template:Dts
(32–28) 		Template:Dts
–
January 23, 1893
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Grover Cleveland 16th
United States secretary of the interior
(1885–1888)
44 File:DavidBrewer.jpg David Josiah Brewer Matthews Template:Dts
(53–11) 		Template:Dts
–
March 28, 1910
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Benjamin Harrison Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1884–1889)
45 File:Henry Billings Brown 2.jpg Henry Billings Brown Miller Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
May 28, 1906
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Michigan
(1875–1890)
46 File:George Shiras Jr.jpg George Shiras Jr. Bradley Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 23, 1903
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
47 File:Justice Howell Jackson2.jpg Howell Edmunds Jackson L. Lamar Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 8, 1895
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Sixth Circuit
(1891–1893)
48 File:Edward White, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, 1905.jpg Edward Douglass White Blatchford Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 18, 1910
(Continued as chief justice)Template:Efn 		Grover Cleveland United States senator
from Louisiana
(1891–1894)
49 File:Rufus Wheeler Peckham cph.3b30513.jpg Rufus W. Peckham H. Jackson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 24, 1909
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
50 File:Joseph McKenna (assoc justice).jpg Joseph McKenna Field Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 5, 1925
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		William McKinley 42nd
United States attorney general
(1897–1898)
51 File:Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1902.jpg Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. Gray Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 12, 1932
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Theodore Roosevelt Chief Justice of the
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
(1899–1902)
52 File:William Rufus Day cph.3b31004.jpg William R. Day Shiras Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 13, 1922
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Sixth Circuit
(1899–1903)
53 File:WHMoody.jpg William Henry Moody Brown Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 20, 1910
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		45th
United States attorney general
(1904–1906)
54 File:HoraceHarmonLurton.jpg Horace Harmon Lurton Peckham Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 12, 1914
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		William Howard Taft Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Sixth Circuit
(1893–1909)
55 File:Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes.jpg Charles Evans Hughes Brewer Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 10, 1916
(Resigned)Template:Efn 		36th
governor of New York
(1907–1910)
56 File:Willis Van Devanter.jpg Willis Van Devanter E. White Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 2, 1937
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1903–1910)
57 File:Joseph Lamar.jpg Joseph Rucker Lamar Moody Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 2, 1916
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court of Georgia
(1901–1905)
58 File:Mahlon Pitney cph.3b30300.jpg Mahlon Pitney J. Harlan Template:Dts
(50–26) 		Template:Dts
–
December 31, 1922
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. representative for
New Jersey's 4th district
(1895–1899)
59 File:Jamescmcreynolds.jpg James Clark McReynolds Lurton Template:Dts
(44–6) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 1941
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Woodrow Wilson 48th
United States attorney general
(1913–1914)
60 File:Brandeisl.jpg Louis Brandeis J. Lamar Template:Dts
(47–22) 		Template:Dts
–
February 13, 1939
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice:
Brandeis Dunbar & Nutter[15]
61 File:JohnHessinClarke.jpg John Hessin Clarke Hughes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 5, 1922
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Northern District of Ohio
(1914–1916)
62 File:Justice George Sutherland 5.jpg George Sutherland Clarke Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 17, 1938
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Warren G. Harding United States senator
from Utah
(1905–1917)
63 File:Pierce Butler.jpg Pierce Butler Day Template:Dts
(61–8) 		Template:Dts
–
November 16, 1939
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		President of the
Minnesota State Bar Association
64 File:Justice Edward Terry Sanford.jpg Edward Terry Sanford Pitney Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 8, 1930
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States District Court
for the Middle District of Tennessee
(1908–1923)
65 File:Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone photograph circa 1927-1932.jpg Harlan F. Stone McKenna Template:Dts
(71–6) 		Template:Dts
–
July 3, 1941
(Continued as chief justice)Template:Efn 		Calvin Coolidge 52nd
United States attorney general
(1924–1925)
66 File:Owen J. Roberts cph.3b11988.jpg Owen Roberts Sanford Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 31, 1945
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Herbert Hoover Assistant District Attorney for Philadelphia
67 File:Justice Benjamin N Cardozo 2.jpg Benjamin N. Cardozo Holmes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 9, 1938
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the
New York Court of Appeals
(1927–1932)
68 File:HugoLaFayetteBlack.jpg Hugo Black Van Devanter Template:Dts
(63–16) 		Template:Dts
–
September 17, 1971
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Franklin D. Roosevelt United States senator
from Alabama
(1927–1937)
69 File:Stanley Forman Reed.jpg Stanley Forman Reed Sutherland Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 25, 1957
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		22nd
United States solicitor general
(1935–1938)
70 File:Frankfurter-Felix-LOC.jpg Felix Frankfurter Cardozo Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 28, 1962
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chairman of Harvard Law School
71 File:Justice William O Douglas.jpg William O. Douglas Brandeis Template:Dts
(62–4) 		Template:Dts
–
November 12, 1975
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		3rd
chairman of the
Securities and Exchange Commission
(1937–1939)
72 File:Justice Frank Murphy.jpg Frank Murphy Butler Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 19, 1949
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		56th
United States attorney general
(1939–1940)
73 File:James F. Byrnes cph.3c32232.jpg James F. Byrnes McReynolds Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 3, 1942
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States senator
from South Carolina
(1931–1941)
74 File:Roberthjackson.jpg Robert H. Jackson Stone Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 9, 1954
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		57th
United States attorney general
(1940–1941)
75 File:Wiley Rutledge.jpg Wiley Blount Rutledge Byrnes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 10, 1949
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1939–1943)
76 File:Harold Burton.jpg Harold Hitz Burton Roberts Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 13, 1958
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Harry S. Truman United States senator
from Ohio
(1941–1945)
77 File:Official portrait of Associate Justice Tom C. Clark, Supreme Court of the United States (cropped).jpg Tom C. Clark Murphy Template:Dts
(73–8) 		Template:Dts
–
June 12, 1967
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		59th
United States attorney general
(1945–1949)
78 File:Sherman Minton's official United States Supreme Court photograph.jpg Sherman Minton W. Rutledge Template:Dts
(48–16) 		Template:Dts
–
October 15, 1956
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit
(1941–1949)
79 File:John Marshall Harlan II official.jpg John Marshall Harlan R. Jackson Template:Dts
(71–11) 		Template:Dts
–
September 23, 1971
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Dwight D. Eisenhower Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Second Circuit
(1954–1955)
80 File:US Supreme Court Justice William Brennan - 1976 official portrait.jpg William J. Brennan Jr. Minton Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 20, 1990
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court of New Jersey
(1951–1956)
81 File:Charles Whittaker.jpg Charles Evans Whittaker Reed Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 31, 1962
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1956–1957)
82 File:US Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart - 1976 official portrait.jpg Potter Stewart Burton Template:Dts
(70–17) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 3, 1981
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Sixth Circuit
(1954–1958)
83 File:Justice White Official.jpg Byron White Whittaker Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 28, 1993
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		John F. Kennedy 4th
United States deputy attorney general
(1961–1962)
84 File:Arthur Goldberg (1971).jpg Arthur Goldberg Frankfurter Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 26, 1965
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		9th
United States secretary of labor
(1961–1962)
85 File:SCOTUS Justice Abe Fortas.jpeg Abe Fortas Goldberg Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
May 14, 1969
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lyndon B. Johnson United States under secretary of the interior
86 File:Thurgood-marshall-2.jpg Thurgood Marshall Clark Template:Dts
(69–11) 		Template:Dts
–
October 1, 1991
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		32nd
solicitor general of the United States
(1965–1967)
87 File:Justice Blackmun Official.jpg Harry Blackmun Fortas Template:Dts
(94–0) 		Template:Dts
–
August 3, 1994
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Richard Nixon Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Eighth Circuit
(1959–1970)
88 File:US Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell - 1976 official portrait.jpg Lewis F. Powell Jr. Black Template:Dts
(89–1) 		Template:Dts
–
June 26, 1987
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		President of the
American Bar Association
(1964–1965)
89 File:William Rehnquist.jpg William Rehnquist J. Harlan II Template:Dts
(68–26) 		Template:Dts
–
September 26, 1986
(Continued as chief justice)Template:Efn 		United States assistant attorney general
for the Office of Legal Counsel
(1969–1971)
90 File:John Paul Stevens, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg John Paul Stevens Douglas Template:Dts
(98–0) 		Template:Dts
–
June 29, 2010
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Gerald Ford Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit
(1970–1975)
91 File:Sandra Day O'Connor.jpg Sandra Day O'Connor Stewart Template:Dts
(99–0) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 2006
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Ronald Reagan Judge of the
Arizona Court of Appeals
(1979–1981)
92 File:Antonin Scalia Official SCOTUS Portrait crop.jpg Antonin Scalia Rehnquist Template:Dts
(98–0) 		Template:Dts
–
February 13, 2016
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1982–1986)
93 File:Anthony Kennedy official SCOTUS portrait.jpg Anthony Kennedy Powell Template:Dts
(97–0) 		Template:Dts
–
July 31, 2018
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Ninth Circuit
(1975–1988)
94 File:DavidSouter.jpg David Souter Brennan Template:Dts
(90–9) 		Template:Dts
–
June 29, 2009
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		George H. W. Bush Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the First Circuit
(1990)
95 File:Clarence Thomas official SCOTUS portrait (cropped).jpg Clarence Thomas Marshall Template:Dts
(52–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1990–1991)
96 File:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 2016 portrait.jpg Ruth Bader Ginsburg B. White Template:Dts
(96–3) 		Template:Dts
–
Template:Dts
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Bill Clinton Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1980–1993)
97 File:Stephen Breyer, SCOTUS photo portrait (cropped).jpg Stephen Breyer Blackmun Template:Dts
(87–9) 		Template:Dts
–
June 30, 2022
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the First Circuit
(1990–1994)
98 File:Samuel Alito official photo (cropped).jpg Samuel Alito O'Connor Template:Dts
(58–42) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		George W. Bush Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Third Circuit
(1990–2006)
99 File:Sonia Sotomayor in SCOTUS robe crop.jpg Sonia Sotomayor Souter Template:Dts
(68–31) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Barack Obama Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Second Circuit
(1998–2009)
100 File:Elena Kagan Official SCOTUS Portrait (2013) (3x4 cropped).jpg Elena Kagan Stevens Template:Dts
(63–37) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		45th
solicitor general of the United States
(2009–2010)
101 File:Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch Official Portrait (cropped).jpg Neil Gorsuch Scalia Template:Dts
(54–45) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Donald Trump Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Tenth Circuit
(2006–2017)
102 File:Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh Official Portrait.jpg Brett Kavanaugh Kennedy Template:Dts
(50–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(2006–2018)
103 File:Amy Coney Barrett official portrait.jpg Amy Coney Barrett Ginsburg Template:Dts
(52–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit
(2017–2020)
104 File:Justice Jackson Official Portrait (cropped).jpg Ketanji Brown Jackson Breyer Template:Dts
(53–47) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Joe Biden Judge of the
United States Court of Appeals
for the District of Columbia Circuit
(2021–2022)

Notes

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References

Template:Reflist

Further reading

Template:Refbegin

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External links

Template:SCOTUS Justices Template:SCOTUS horizontal Template:US Order of Precedence

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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