Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Use American English Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Sidebar". An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869.[1]

Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States grants plenary power to the president to nominate, and with the advice and consent (confirmation) of the Senate, appoint justices to the Supreme Court. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution effectively grants life tenure to associate justices, and all other federal judges, which ends only when a justice dies, retires, resigns, or is impeached and convicted.[2]

Each Supreme Court justice has a single vote in deciding the cases argued before it, and the chief justice's vote counts no more than that of any other justice; however, the chief justice leads the discussion of the case among the justices. Furthermore, the chief justice—when in the majority—decides who writes the court's opinion; otherwise, the senior justice in the majority assigns the writing of a decision. The chief justice also has certain administrative responsibilities that the other justices do not and is paid slightly more ($298,500 per year as of 2023, compared to $285,400 per year for an associate justice).[3]

Associate justices have seniority in order of the date their respective commissions bear, although the chief justice is always considered to be the most senior justice. If two justices are commissioned on the same day, the elder is designated the senior justice of the two. Currently, the senior associate justice is Clarence Thomas. By tradition, when the justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Supreme Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority. The senior associate justice is also tasked with carrying out the chief justice's duties when he is unable to, or if that office is vacant.

Current associate justices

There are currently eight associate justices on the Supreme Court. The justices, ordered by seniority, are:

Retired associate justices

An associate justice who leaves the Supreme Court after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements prescribed by federal statute (28 U.S.C. § 371) may retire rather than resign. After retirement, they keep their title, and by custom may also keep a set of chambers in the Supreme Court building, and employ law clerks. The names of retired associate justices continue to appear alongside those of the active justices in the bound volumes of Supreme Court decisions. Federal statute (28 U.S.C. § 294) provides that retired Supreme Court justices may serve—if designated and assigned by the chief justice—on panels of the U.S. courts of appeals, or on the U.S. district courts. Retired justices are not, however, authorized to take part in the consideration or decision of any cases before the Supreme Court (unlike other retired federal judges who may be permitted to do so in their former courts); neither are they known or designated as a "senior judge". When, after his retirement, William O. Douglas attempted to take a more active role than was customary, maintaining that it was his prerogative to do so because of his senior status, he was rebuffed by Chief Justice Warren Burger and admonished by the whole Court.[12] There are currently two living retired associate justices: Anthony Kennedy, retired July 31, 2018, and Stephen Breyer, retired June 30, 2022.

List of associate justices

Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, the following 104 persons have served as an associate justice:[13][14]

# Name Replacing Confirmation Vote Date TermTemplate:Efn Appointer Prior PositionTemplate:Efn
1 File:John Rutledge.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 4, 1791
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Governor of South Carolina
(1779–1782)
2 File:William Cushing (Restored).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort".Template:Efn New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 13, 1810
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court
(1777–1789)
3 File:JusticeJamesWilson.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 21, 1798
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Delegate to the Constitutional Convention
(1787)
4 File:John Blair (page 82 crop).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 25, 1795
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Member of the Virginia House of Burgesses
(1766–1770)
5 File:James Iredell, 1790-1799.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 20, 1799
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Attorney General of North Carolina
(1779–1782)
6 File:Thomas Johnson (governor).jpeg Script error: No such module "Sort". J. Rutledge Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
January 16, 1793
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Governor of Maryland
(1777–1779)
7 File:William Paterson copy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". T. Johnson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 8, 1806
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Governor of New Jersey
(1790–1793)
8 File:John Wesley Jarvis - Samuel Chase - NPG.67.2 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort".Template:Efn Blair Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 19, 1811
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the Maryland General Court
(1791–1796)
9 File:BushrodWashington.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Wilson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
November 26, 1829
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Delegate to the Virginia Ratifying Convention
(1788)
10 File:AlfredMoore.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Iredell Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 26, 1804
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Attorney General of North Carolina
(1782–1791)
11 File:WilliamJohnson.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Moore Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 4, 1834
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives
(1798–1800)
12 File:H. Brockholst Livingston.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Paterson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
March 18, 1823
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Justice of the New York Supreme Court
(1802–1807)
13 File:Thomas Todd SCOTUS.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 7, 1826
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals
(1806–1807)
14 File:GabrielDuvall.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Chase Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 12, 1835
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". U.S. Representative from Maryland's 2nd district
(1794–1796)
15 File:Daguerreotype of Joseph Story, 1844 (edit).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Cushing Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 10, 1845
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. Representative from Massachusetts's 2nd district
(1808–1809)
16 File:Secretary of the Navy, Smith Thompson.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Livingston Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
December 18, 1843
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Secretary of the Navy
(1819–1823)
17 File:RobertTrimble.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Todd Template:Dts
(25–5) 		Template:Dts
–
August 25, 1828
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Kentucky
(1817–1826)
18 File:Justice John McLean daguerreotype by Mathew Brady 1849.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Trimble Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
April 4, 1861
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Postmaster General
(1823–1829)
19 File:Henry baldwin (justice).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Washington Template:Dts
(41–2) 		Template:Dts
–
April 21, 1844
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania's 14th district
(1817–1822)
20 File:James Moore Wayne - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". W. Johnson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 5, 1867
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. Representative from Georgia's at-large district
(1829–1835)
21 File:Philip Pendleton Barbour.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Duvall Template:Dts
(30–11) 		Template:Dts
–
February 25, 1841
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(1830–1836)
22 File:John Catron - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(28–15) 		Template:Dts
–
May 30, 1865
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court of Errors and Appeals
(1824–1834)
23 File:John McKinley.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 19, 1852
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Alabama
(1826–1831, 1837)
24 File:Peter Vivian Daniel, US Supreme Court Justice, c1860 (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Barbour Template:Dts
(25–5) 		Template:Dts
–
May 31, 1860
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(1836–1841)
25 File:Samuel Nelson - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Thompson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 28, 1872
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Chief Justice of the New York Supreme Court
(1831–1845)
26 File:Levi Woodbury.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Story Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
September 4, 1851
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Secretary of the Treasury
(1834–1841)
27 File:Robert Cooper Grier - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Baldwin Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 1870
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge for the Pennsylvania District Court for Allegheny County
(1833–1846)
28 File:Benjamin Robbins Curtis - photo.png Script error: No such module "Sort". Woodbury Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
September 30, 1857
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Massachusetts State Representative
29 File:John Archibald Campbell - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". McKinley Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
April 30, 1861
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Alabama State Representative
30 File:NClifford.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Curtis Template:Dts
(26–23) 		Template:Dts
–
July 25, 1881
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Attorney General
(1846–1848)
31 File:Noah Haynes Swayne, photo, head and shoulders, seated.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". McLean Template:Dts
(38–1) 		Template:Dts
–
January 24, 1881
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". U.S. attorney for the District of Ohio
(1830–1834)
32 File:Samuel Freeman Miller - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Daniel Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 13, 1890
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
33 File:DDavis.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Campbell Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
March 3, 1877
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the Illinois 3rd Circuit Court
(1848–1862)
34 File:Stephen Johnson Field, photo half length seated, 1875.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 1, 1897
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court
(1859–1863)

35 File:William Strong judge - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Grier Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 14, 1880
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania's 9th district
(1847–1851)
36 File:Joseph Philo Bradley - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". New seat Template:Dts
(46–9) 		Template:Dts
–
January 22, 1892
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
37 File:Ward Hunt - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Nelson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 27, 1882
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals
(1868–1872)
38 File:JudgeJMHarlan.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Davis Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 14, 1911
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Attorney General of Kentucky
(1863–1867)
39 File:William Burnham Woods.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Strong Template:Dts
(39–8) 		Template:Dts
–
May 14, 1887
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
(1869–1880)
40 File:Thomas Stanley Matthews - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Swayne Template:Dts
(24–23) 		Template:Dts
–
March 22, 1889
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Ohio
(1877–1879)
41 File:Horacegrayphoto.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Clifford Template:Dts
(51–5) 		Template:Dts
–
September 15, 1902
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
(1873–1881)
42 File:Samuel Blatchford.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Hunt Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 7, 1893
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
(1878–1882)
43 File:Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II - Brady-Handy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Woods Template:Dts
(32–28) 		Template:Dts
–
January 23, 1893
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Secretary of the Interior
(1885–1888)
44 File:DavidBrewer.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Matthews Template:Dts
(53–11) 		Template:Dts
–
March 28, 1910
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
(1884–1889)
45 File:Henry Billings Brown 2.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Miller Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
May 28, 1906
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
(1875–1890)
46 File:George Shiras Jr.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Bradley Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 23, 1903
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice
47 File:Justice Howell Jackson2.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". L. Lamar Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 8, 1895
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
(1891–1893)
48 File:Edward White, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, 1905.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Blatchford Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
December 18, 1910
(Continued as chief justice)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Louisiana
(1891–1894)
49 File:Rufus Wheeler Peckham cph.3b30513.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". H. Jackson Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 24, 1909
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Judge of the New York Court of Appeals
50 File:Joseph McKenna (assoc justice).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Field Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 5, 1925
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Attorney General
(1897–1898)
51 File:Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1902.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Gray Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 12, 1932
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
(1899–1902)
52 File:William Rufus Day cph.3b31004.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Shiras Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 13, 1922
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
(1899–1903)
53 File:WHMoody.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Brown Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
November 20, 1910
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Attorney General
(1904–1906)
54 File:HoraceHarmonLurton.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Peckham Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 12, 1914
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
(1893–1909)
55 File:Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Brewer Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 10, 1916
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn 		Governor of New York
(1907–1910)
56 File:Willis Van Devanter.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". E. White Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 2, 1937
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
(1903–1910)
57 File:Joseph Lamar.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Moody Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 2, 1916
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court
(1901–1905)
58 File:Mahlon Pitney cph.3b30300.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". J. Harlan Template:Dts
(50–26) 		Template:Dts
–
December 31, 1922
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		U.S. Representative from New Jersey's 4th district
(1895–1899)
59 File:Jamescmcreynolds.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Lurton Template:Dts
(44–6) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 1941
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Attorney General
(1913–1914)
60 File:Brandeisl.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". J. Lamar Template:Dts
(47–22) 		Template:Dts
–
February 13, 1939
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Lawyer,
Private practice:
Brandeis Dunbar & Nutter[15]
61 File:JohnHessinClarke.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Hughes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 5, 1922
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio
(1914–1916)
62 File:Justice George Sutherland 5.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Clarke Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
January 17, 1938
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Utah
(1905–1917)
63 File:Pierce Butler.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Day Template:Dts
(61–8) 		Template:Dts
–
November 16, 1939
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		President of the Minnesota State Bar Association
64 File:Justice Edward Terry Sanford.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Pitney Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 8, 1930
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee
(1908–1923)
65 File:Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone photograph circa 1927-1932.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". McKenna Template:Dts
(71–6) 		Template:Dts
–
July 3, 1941
(Continued as chief justice)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Attorney General
(1924–1925)
66 File:Owen J. Roberts cph.3b11988.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Sanford Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 31, 1945
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Assistant District Attorney for Philadelphia
67 File:Justice Benjamin N Cardozo 2.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Holmes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 9, 1938
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals
(1927–1932)
68 File:HugoLaFayetteBlack.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Van Devanter Template:Dts
(63–16) 		Template:Dts
–
September 17, 1971
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Alabama
(1927–1937)
69 File:Stanley Forman Reed.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Sutherland Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
February 25, 1957
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Solicitor General
(1935–1938)
70 File:Frankfurter-Felix-LOC.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Cardozo Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
August 28, 1962
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Board Chair of Harvard Law School
71 File:Justice William O Douglas.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Brandeis Template:Dts
(62–4) 		Template:Dts
–
November 12, 1975
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chair of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(1937–1939)
72 File:Justice Frank Murphy.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Butler Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 19, 1949
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Attorney General
(1939–1940)
73 File:James F. Byrnes cph.3c32232.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". McReynolds Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 3, 1942
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Senator from South Carolina
(1931–1941)
74 File:Roberthjackson.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Stone Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 9, 1954
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Attorney General
(1940–1941)
75 File:Wiley Rutledge.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Byrnes Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
September 10, 1949
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1939–1943)
76 File:Harold Burton.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Roberts Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
October 13, 1958
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Senator from Ohio
(1941–1945)
77 File:Official portrait of Associate Justice Tom C. Clark, Supreme Court of the United States (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Murphy Template:Dts
(73–8) 		Template:Dts
–
June 12, 1967
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Attorney General
(1945–1949)
78 File:Sherman Minton's official United States Supreme Court photograph.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". W. Rutledge Template:Dts
(48–16) 		Template:Dts
–
October 15, 1956
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
(1941–1949)
79 File:John Marshall Harlan II official.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". R. Jackson Template:Dts
(71–11) 		Template:Dts
–
September 23, 1971
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
(1954–1955)
80 File:US Supreme Court Justice William Brennan - 1976 official portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Minton Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 20, 1990
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Associate Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court
(1951–1956)
81 File:Charles Whittaker.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Reed Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
March 31, 1962
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
(1956–1957)
82 File:US Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart - 1976 official portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Burton Template:Dts
(70–17) 		Template:DtsTemplate:Efn
–
July 3, 1981
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
(1954–1958)
83 File:Justice White Official.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Whittaker Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
June 28, 1993
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Deputy Attorney General
(1961–1962)
84 File:Arthur Goldberg (1971).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Frankfurter Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
July 26, 1965
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Secretary of Labor
(1961–1962)
85 File:SCOTUS Justice Abe Fortas.jpeg Script error: No such module "Sort". Goldberg Template:Dts
(Acclamation) 		Template:Dts
–
May 14, 1969
(Resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior
86 File:Thurgood-marshall-2.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Clark Template:Dts
(69–11) 		Template:Dts
–
October 1, 1991
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		United States Solicitor General
(1965–1967)
87 File:Justice Blackmun Official.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Fortas Template:Dts
(94–0) 		Template:Dts
–
August 3, 1994
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
(1959–1970)
88 File:US Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell - 1976 official portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Black Template:Dts
(89–1) 		Template:Dts
–
June 26, 1987
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		President of the American Bar Association
(1964–1965)
89 File:William Rehnquist.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". J. Harlan II Template:Dts
(68–26) 		Template:Dts
–
September 26, 1986
(Continued as chief justice)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn 		United States Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Legal Counsel
(1969–1971)
90 File:John Paul Stevens, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Douglas Template:Dts
(98–0) 		Template:Dts
–
June 29, 2010
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
(1970–1975)
91 File:Sandra Day O'Connor.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Stewart Template:Dts
(99–0) 		Template:Dts
–
January 31, 2006
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the Arizona Court of Appeals
(1979–1981)
92 File:Antonin Scalia Official SCOTUS Portrait crop.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Rehnquist Template:Dts
(98–0) 		Template:Dts
–
February 13, 2016
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1982–1986)
93 File:Anthony Kennedy official SCOTUS portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Powell Template:Dts
(97–0) 		Template:Dts
–
July 31, 2018
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
(1975–1988)
94 File:DavidSouter.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Brennan Template:Dts
(90–9) 		Template:Dts
–
June 29, 2009
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
(1990)
95 File:Clarence Thomas official SCOTUS portrait (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Marshall Template:Dts
(52–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1990–1991)
96 File:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 2016 portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". B. White Template:Dts
(96–3) 		Template:Dts
–
Template:Dts
(Died)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(1980–1993)
97 File:Stephen Breyer, SCOTUS photo portrait (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Blackmun Template:Dts
(87–9) 		Template:Dts
–
June 30, 2022
(Retired)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
(1990–1994)
98 File:Samuel Alito official photo (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". O'Connor Template:Dts
(58–42) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
(1990–2006)
99 File:Sonia Sotomayor in SCOTUS robe crop.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Souter Template:Dts
(68–31) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
(1998–2009)
100 File:Elena Kagan Official SCOTUS Portrait (2013) (3x4 cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Stevens Template:Dts
(63–37) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		United States Solicitor General
(2009–2010)
101 File:Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch Official Portrait (cropped).jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Scalia Template:Dts
(54–45) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
(2006–2017)
102 File:Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh Official Portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Kennedy Template:Dts
(50–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(2006–2018)
103 File:Amy Coney Barrett official portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Ginsburg Template:Dts
(52–48) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
(2017–2020)
104 File:Ketanji Brown Jackson official SCOTUS portrait.jpg Script error: No such module "Sort". Breyer Template:Dts
(53–47) 		Template:Dts
–
Incumbent 		Script error: No such module "Sort". Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
(2021–2022)

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Further reading

<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

Template:SCOTUS Justices Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:US Order of Precedence

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