68th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:More footnotes needed Template:Infobox United States Congress The 68th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1923, to March 4, 1925, during the last months of Warren G. Harding's presidency, and the first years of the administration of his successor, Calvin Coolidge. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Both chambers maintained a Republican majority—albeit greatly reduced from the previous Congress and with losing supermajority status in the House—and along with President Harding, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta.[1] Template:TOC limit

Major events

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Major legislation

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Constitutional amendments

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below.

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Leadership

Senate president
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File:Calvin Coolidge cph.3g10777 (cropped).jpg
Calvin Coolidge (R)
President pro tempore
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File:Albert B Cummins.jpg
Albert B. Cummins (R)

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Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1928; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1924; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1926.

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House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by their district numbers.

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

State Senator Reason for vacancy Successor Date of successor's installation
Colorado
(3)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel D. Nicholson (R) Died March 24, 1923.
Successor was appointed.
style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alva B. Adams (D) May 17, 1923
Minnesota
(2)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Knute Nelson (R) Died April 28, 1923.
Successor was elected.
Magnus Johnson (FL) July 16, 1923
Vermont
(3)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William P. Dillingham (R) Died July 12, 1923.
Successor was elected.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Porter H. Dale (R) November 7, 1923
Rhode Island
(2)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | LeBaron Bradford Colt (R) Died August 18, 1924.
Successor was elected.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Jesse H. Metcalf (R) November 5, 1924
Connecticut
(3)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frank B. Brandegee (R) Died October 14, 1924.
Successor was elected December 17, 1924.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Hiram Bingham III (R) January 8, 1925[4]
Massachusetts
(1)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry Cabot Lodge (R) Died November 9, 1924.
Successor was appointed.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William M. Butler (R) November 13, 1924
Colorado
(3)
style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alva B. Adams (D) Interim appointee retired.
Successor was elected November 4, 1924.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Rice W. Means (R) December 1, 1924
Illinois
(2)
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joseph M. McCormick (R) Died February 25, 1925.
Successor was appointed, having already been elected to the next term.
style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Charles S. Deneen (R) February 26, 1925

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 22
  • Deaths: 15
  • Resignations: 6
  • Contested election: 0
  • Total seats with changes: 24
District Vacated by Reason for vacancy Successor Date of successor's installation
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. James R. Mann died during previous congress style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Morton D. Hull (R) April 3, 1923
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. Henry Z. Osborne died during previous congress style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John D. Fredericks (R) May 1, 1923
Template:Ushr Vacant Rep. William Bourke Cockran died during previous congress style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John J. O'Connor (D) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John R. Tyson (D) Died March 27, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lister Hill (D) August 14, 1923
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John M. C. Smith (R) Died March 30, 1923 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Arthur B. Williams (R) June 19, 1923
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Horace M. Towner (R) Resigned April 1, 1923, after being appointed Governor of Puerto Rico style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Hiram K. Evans (R) June 4, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel J. Riordan (D) Died April 28, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Anning S. Prall (D) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John W. Rainey (D) Died May 4, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas A. Doyle (D) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Lewis E. Sawyer (D) Died May 5, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James B. Reed (D) October 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Stanley Webster (R) Resigned May 8, 1923, after being appointed to United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel B. Hill (D) September 25, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Claude Kitchin (D) Died May 31, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John H. Kerr (D) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Luther W. Mott (R) Died July 10, 1923 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thaddeus C. Sweet (R) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Porter H. Dale (R) Resigned August 11, 1923, after becoming a candidate for the United States Senate style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ernest Willard Gibson (R) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | J. Campbell Cantrill (D) Died September 2, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Joseph W. Morris (D) November 30, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James V. Ganly (D) Died September 7, 1923 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Benjamin L. Fairchild (R) November 6, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Benjamin G. Humphreys II (D) Died October 16, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William Y. Humphreys (D) November 27, 1923
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William J. Fields (D) Resigned December 11, 1923 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Fred M. Vinson (D) January 24, 1924
Template:Ushr style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | H. Garland Dupré (D) Died February 21, 1924 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James Z. Spearing (D) April 22, 1924
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William J. Graham (R) Resigned June 7, 1924, after being appointed to the United States Court of Customs Appeals Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edward C. Little (R) Died June 27, 1924 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Ulysses S. Guyer (R) November 4, 1924
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George M. Young (R) Resigned September 2, 1924, after being appointed to the Board of General Appraisers style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas Hall (R) November 4, 1924
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William S. Greene (R) Died September 22, 1924 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert M. Leach (R) November 4, 1924
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Sydney E. Mudd II (R) Died October 11, 1924 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Stephen W. Gambrill (D) November 4, 1924
Template:Ushr style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Julius Kahn (R) Died December 18, 1924 Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

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Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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External links

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