2008 in spaceflight

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Template:Short description Template:Use British English Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Infobox Year in spaceflight Template:Infobox spaceflight

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The year 2008 contained several significant events in spaceflight, including the first flyby of Mercury by a spacecraft since 1975, the discovery of water ice on Mars by the Phoenix spacecraft, which landed in May, the first Chinese spacewalk in September, the launch of the first Indian Lunar probe in October, and the first successful flight of a privately developed orbital launch vehicle by SpaceX's Falcon 1.

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Overview

The internationally accepted definition of a spaceflight is any flight which crosses the Kármán line, 100 kilometres above sea level. The first recorded spaceflight launch of the year occurred on 11 January, when a Black Brant was launched on a suborbital trajectory from White Sands, with the LIDOS ultraviolet astronomy payload.[1] This was followed by the first orbital launch of the year on 15 January, by a Sea Launch Zenit-3SL, with the Thuraya 3 communications satellite.[2] The launch marked the return to flight for Sea Launch following the explosion of a Zenit-3SL on the launch pad the previous January during an attempt to launch the NSS-8 satellite.

Five carrier rockets made their maiden flights in 2008; the Ariane 5ES, Long March 3C, Zenit-3SLB, PSLV-XL, and the operational version of the Falcon 1, with an uprated Merlin-1C engine.[3] These were all derived from existing systems. The Blue Sparrow and Sejjil missiles also conducted their maiden flights, and the ATK Launch Vehicle made its only flight, but was destroyed by range safety after it went off course. In November, the baseline Proton-M was retired in favour of the Enhanced variant, first launched in 2007.

The first Vietnamese and Venezuelan satellites, Vinasat-1 and Venesat-1 respectively, were launched in 2008, while a failed Iranian launch was reported to have been that country's first indigenous orbital launch attempt. In September, SpaceX conducted the first successful orbital launch of a privately developed and funded liquid-fuelled carrier rocket, when the fourth Falcon 1 launched RatSat, following previous failures in 2006, 2007, and August.

Space exploration

File:Evaporating ice on Mars Phoenix lander image.jpg
The discovery of water ice on Mars

India launched its first Lunar probe, Chandraayan-1, on 22 October, with the spacecraft entering selenocentric orbit on 8 November. On 16 November, the Moon Impact Probe was released, and crashed into the Lunar surface. Although no other spacecraft were launched beyond geocentric orbit in 2008, several significant events occurred in interplanetary flights which had been launched in previous years. MESSENGER conducted flybys of Mercury in January and October, the first spacecraft to do so since Mariner 10 in 1975. Cassini continued to make flybys of the moons of Saturn, including several close passes of Enceladus, one at a distance of 25 kilometres.[4] In September Rosetta flew past the asteroid 2867 Šteins. On 25 May, the Phoenix spacecraft landed in the Green Valley on Mars, where it discovered water ice.[5] Phoenix exceeded its design life of 90 days, finally failing on 10 November. The Ulysses spacecraft, launched in 1990, was also retired in 2008.[6]

Crewed spaceflight

Seven crewed flights were launched in 2008, one by China, two by Russia and four by the United States. In April, Yi So-yeon became the first South Korean to fly in space, aboard Soyuz TMA-12. On the same flight, Sergey Volkov became the first second-generation cosmonaut. Yi returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TMA-11, which nearly ended in disaster following a separation failure between the descent and service modules, resulting in a ballistic reentry.[7] In September, China conducted its third crewed mission, Shenzhou 7, from which Zhai Zhigang and Liu Boming conducted the first Chinese spacewalk.[8] Soyuz TMA-13, launched in October, was the hundredth flight of the Soyuz programme to carry a crew at some point in its mission.[9]

Assembly of the International Space Station continued, with the delivery of the Columbus module by Space Shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-122 in February. March saw the launch of the Jules Verne Automated Transfer Vehicle, an uncrewed European spacecraft which was used to resupply the space station. Also in March, Space Shuttle Endeavour launched on STS-123 with the first component of the Japanese Experiment Module, the Experiment Logistics Module. STS-123 marked the final flight of the Spacelab programme, with a SpaceLab pallet used to carry the Canadian-built Dextre RMS extension. The second JEM component, the main pressurised module, was launched by STS-124, flown by Discovery in May. In November, Endeavour launched on the STS-126 logistics flight, with the Leonardo MPLM.

Launch failures

On 14 March, a Proton-M with a Briz-M upper stage launched AMC-14. Several hours later, on 15 March, the Briz-M engine cut off prematurely during a burn,[10] leaving the satellite in a medium Earth orbit. Following a small legal dispute,[11] the satellite was sold, and raised to a geosynchronous orbit by its manoeuvring thrusters, at the expense of a large amount of its fuel and hence operational life.[12]

On 3 August, SpaceX launched the third Falcon 1. Due to residual thrust caused by the upgraded Merlin-1C engine which was being flown for the first time, the first stage recontacted the second during staging, resulting in the rocket failing to reach orbit. The Trailblazer, PreSat and NanoSail-D satellites were lost in the failure, as was a space burial capsule, containing the remains of several hundred people, including astronaut Gordon Cooper, actor James Doohan, writer and director John Meredyth Lucas and Apollo mission planner Mareta West.[13]

On 16 August, Iran launched a Safir, which though officially successful, was reported to have failed due to a second stage malfunction. The purpose of this launch is in doubt, as before the launch it was claimed that it would place the Omid into orbit, whilst following the launch, it was reported that a boilerplate payload had been launched.[14] Other reports indicated that the launch was only a suborbital test of the rocket.[15] If this was an orbital launch attempt, it was the first Iranian attempt to launch a satellite.

On 22 August, the inaugural launch of the Alliant Techsystems ALV X-1 was terminated 27 seconds after launch from Wallops Flight Facility when it veered off course. Both hypersonic physics experiments on board were destroyed.[16]

Summary of launches

File:Atk alv x-1 pathfinder.jpg
The ATK Launch Vehicle, launched on a suborbital flight in August

In total, sixty nine orbital launches were made in 2008, with sixty seven reaching orbit, and two outright failures if the Iranian launch in August is counted.[3] This is an increase of one orbital launch attempt on 2007, with two more launches reaching orbit, which continues a trend of increasing launch rates seen since 2006. The final launch of the year was conducted on 25 December, by a Proton-M with three GLONASS navigation satellites for the Russian government.

File:SM-3 ignition for a satellite destruction mission.jpg
Launch of an SM-3 missile to destroy USA-193

Suborbital spaceflight in 2008 saw a number of sounding rocket and missile launches. On 21 February, a RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 was used as an anti-satellite weapon to destroy the USA-193 satellite. USA-193 was a US spy satellite which had failed immediately after launch in 2006.[17][18]

By country

China conducted twelve orbital launches of a planned fifteen. Europe had intended to conduct seven launches of Ariane 5 rockets, and the maiden flight of the Vega rocket, however payload delays pushed one of the Arianes into 2009, and the Vega was delayed due to development issues. India had originally scheduled five to seven launches, however only three of these were conducted, mostly due to delays with the launch of Chandraayan-1. Japan scheduled three launches for 2008, of which one was launched; an H-IIA with WINDS in February. Russia and the former Soviet Union conducted twenty six launches, not including the international Sea and Land launch programmes, which conducted six. Fourteen launches were conducted by the United States, which had originally announced plans to launch many more, however technical issues with several rockets, particularly the Atlas V, Delta II and Falcon 1, caused a number of delays. The Atlas problems, combined with a series of delays to the launch of NRO L-26 on a Delta IV, resulted in just two of ten planned EELV launches being conducted.[3][19] Two of six planned Space Shuttle launches were also delayed to 2009, one due to problems with External Tank delivery, and another due to a major systems failure on the Hubble Space Telescope, which it was to have serviced. Israel was not reported to have scheduled, or conducted an orbital launch attempt.

Orbital launches

Template:Flatlist
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January

15 January
11:49[2] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SL Template:Flagicon Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon Sea Launch
Template:Flagicon Thuraya 3 Thuraya Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
21 January
03:45[2] 		Template:Flagicon PSLV-CA Template:Flagicon Satish Dhawan FLP Template:Flagicon ISRO
Template:Flagicon TecSAR (Polaris) IAI Low Earth Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
28 January
00:18[2] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Roskosmos
Template:Flagicon Ekspress AM-33 RSCC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flatlist

February

5 February
13:02:54[2] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-U Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Progress M-63 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 7 April
11:50[20]		 Successful
ISS flight 28P
7 February
19:45:30[2] 		Template:Flagicon Space Shuttle Atlantis Template:Flagicon Kennedy LC-39A Template:Flagicon United Space Alliance
Template:Flagicon STS-122 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 20 February
14:07:10[21]		 Successful
Template:Flagicon Columbus ESA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly In orbit Operational
Crewed flight with seven astronauts
11 February
11:34[2] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon Thor-5 Telenor Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
23 February
08:55[2] 		Template:Flagicon H-IIA 2024 Template:Flagicon Tanegashima LA-Y Template:Flagicon Mitsubishi
Template:Flagicon WINDS (Kizuna) JAXA / NICT Geosynchronous Communications
Technology		 In orbit Successful[22]
Template:Flatlist

March

9 March
04:03:07[2] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
File:European Space Agency logo.svgJules Verne ATV ESA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 29 September
13:31		 Successful
Maiden flight of Ariane 5ES and ATV
11 March
06:28:14[2] 		Template:Flagicon Space Shuttle Endeavour Template:Flagicon Kennedy LC-39A Template:Flagicon United Space Alliance
Template:Flagicon STS-123 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 27 March
00:39:08[24]		 Successful
Template:Flagicon Spacelab MD002[23] NASA Low Earth (STS/ISS) ISS logistics Successful
Template:Flagicon JEM ELM-PF JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Dextre (SPDM) MDA Corporation Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly In orbit Operational
Crewed flight with seven astronauts
Final flight of Spacelab programme, pallet used to transport Dextre[23]
13 March
10:02[2] 		Template:Flagicon Atlas V 411 Template:Flagicon Vandenberg SLC-3E Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon USA-200 (Improved Trumpet)[25] NRO Molniya[25] ELINT[25] In orbit Operational
NRO Launch 28, first Atlas V launch from Vandenberg
14 March
23:18:55[2][29] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon AMC-14 SES Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Partial launch failure[3]
Upper stage malfunction during second burn left spacecraft in wrong orbit[10][26]
Initial recovery attempted but abandoned due to legal issues.[11][27] Later sold and recovery efforts restarted.[28]
15 March
06:10[30] 		Template:Flagicon Delta II 7925-9.5 Template:Flagicon Cape Canaveral SLC-17A Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon USA-201 (GPS IIR-19/M6)[31] US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
80th consecutive successful Delta II launch.[30]
19 March
22:47:59[32] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SL Template:Flagicon Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon Sea Launch
Template:Flagicon DirecTV-11 DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
27 March
17:15[33] 		Template:Flagicon Kosmos-3M Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 132/1 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon COSMOS International
Template:Flagicon SAR-Lupe 4 Bundeswehr Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
Template:Flatlist

April

8 April
11:16:39[20][35] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-FG Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Soyuz TMA-12 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 17[35] 24 October
03:37[36]		 Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts, including first South Korean in space[20] and first second-generation cosmonaut[34]
Docked on 10 April at 12:57 GMT[35]
14 April
20:12:00[37] 		Template:Flagicon Atlas V 421 Template:Flagicon Cape Canaveral SLC-41 Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon ICO G1 ICO Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Heaviest single commercial satellite to be placed in GSO.
Heaviest satellite to be launched by an Atlas rocket.[37]
16 April
17:01[38] 		Template:Flagicon Pegasus-XL Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconStargazer, Kwajalein Atoll Template:Flagicon Orbital Sciences
Template:Flagicon C/NOFS STP/NASA Low Earth Electrodynamics 28 November 2015 Successful
18 April
22:17[39] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
Template:Flagicon Vinasat-1 VNPT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Star One C2 Star One Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
First Vietnamese satellite
25 April
15:35[40] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 3C Template:Flagicon Xichang LA-2 Template:Flagicon CNSA
Template:Flagicon Tianlian I-01 CNSA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Maiden flight of Long March 3C
26 April
22:16:02[41] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-FG / Fregat Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 31/6 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Starsem
File:European Space Agency logo.svg GIOVE-B ESA Medium Earth Navigation
Technology demonstration		 In orbit Operational
28 April
03:53:51[43][44] 		Template:Flagicon PSLV-C Template:Flagicon Satish Dhawan SLP Template:Flagicon ISRO
Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2A[45] ISRO Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon TWSAT (IMS-1)[45] ISRO Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon RUBIN-8[46] OHB System Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon AAUSAT-II[47] Aalborg Low Earth Radiation[47] In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon CanX-2[48] UTIAS Low Earth Technology demonstration[48] In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon CanX-6[49] UTIAS/COM DEV Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon COMPASS-1[50] Aachen Low Earth Earth observation
Technology demonstration		 In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon Cute-1.7+APD II[51] Tokodai Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
⚀ Template:Flagicon Delfi-C3[52] Delft Low Earth Technology demonstration 13 November 2023[53] Successful
⚀ Template:Flagicon SEEDS-2[54] Nihon Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
All payloads except CartoSat, TWSAT and RUBIN were CubeSats, launched under designation NSL-4, except CanX-6 which was NSL-5.[42]
RUBIN-8 intentionally remained attached to upper stage
28 April
05:00[56] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SLB Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 45/1 Template:Flagicon Land Launch
Template:Flagicon AMOS-3 (AMOS-60) SCL Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
First Land Launch flight and maiden flight of Zenit-3SLB.
Reached incorrect orbit due to carrier rocket underperformance.[55] Corrected by satellite through use of spare fuel, without affecting operational life.
Template:Flatlist

May

14 May
20:22:54[57][58] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-U Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Progress M-64 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 8 September[59] Successful
ISS flight 29P
21 May
09:43[60] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SL Template:Flagicon Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon Sea Launch
Template:Flagicon Galaxy 18 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
23 May
15:20:09[61] 		Template:Flagicon Rokot / Briz-KM Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 133/3[56] Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2437 (Rodnik)[62] VKS Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2438 (Rodnik)[62] VKS Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2439 (Rodnik)[62] VKS Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Yubeleiny NPO PM[63] Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
27 May
03:02[64] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 4C Template:Flagicon Taiyuan LC-1 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Fengyun 3A CMA Sun-synchronous Weather[65] In orbit Operational
31 May
21:02:12[66][67] 		Template:Flagicon Space Shuttle Discovery Template:Flagicon Kennedy LC-39A Template:Flagicon United Space Alliance
Template:Flagicon STS-124 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 14 June
15:15[68]		 Successful
Template:Flagicon JEM-PM JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly In orbit Operational
Crewed flight with seven astronauts
Template:Flatlist

June

9 June
12:15[69] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 3B[70] Template:Flagicon Xichang LC-2 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Chinasat 9[71] CNPT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
11 June
16:05[72] 		Template:Flagicon Delta II 7920H-10C Template:Flagicon Cape Canaveral SLC-17B Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon FGST[73] (GLAST)[74] NASA Low Earth Gamma-ray astronomy In orbit Operational
12 June
22:05:02[75] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
Template:Flagicon Skynet 5C MoD Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Turksat 3A Türksat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
19 June
06:36
[77][78] 		Template:Flagicon Kosmos-3M Template:Flagicon Kapustin Yar Site 107 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon COSMOS International
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm CDS-3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm QL-1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational[79]
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm QL-2 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm QL-3 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational[79]
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm QL-4 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Template:Flagicon Orbcomm QL-5 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure
Spacecraft affected by communications problems, four had failed by December 2009.[76]
20 June
07:46:25[77] 		Template:Flagicon Delta II 7320 Template:Flagicon Vandenberg SLC-2W Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon Jason-2 (OSTM) NASA Low Earth Oceanography In orbit Operational
26 June
23:59[80] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-K / DM-2[81] (?? DM-3[28]) Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 81/24 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2440 (Prognoz)[28] VKS Geosynchronous Missile defence[28] In orbit Operational
Template:Flatlist

July

7 July
21:47[82] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
Template:Flagicon Badr-6 Arabsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon ProtoStar-1[83] ProtoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
16 July
05:20:59
[84][85] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SL Template:Flagicon Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon Sea Launch
Template:Flagicon Echostar 11 Echostar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
22 July
02:40:09
[86][87] 		Template:Flagicon Kosmos-3M Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 132/1 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon COSMOS InternationalScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Template:Flagicon SAR-Lupe 5 Bundeswehr Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
26 July
18:31[88] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-2.1b Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 43/4 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2441 (Persona)[88] VKS Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance In orbit Spacecraft failure
Spacecraft lost due to electrical malfunctionScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Template:Flatlist

August

3 August
03:34[89][94] 		Template:Flagicon Falcon 1 Template:Flagicon Omelek Template:Flagicon SpaceX
Template:Flagicon Trailblazer ORS / MDA Intended: Low Earth Technology demonstration ~T+140 seconds[95] Launch failure[95]
⚀ Template:Flagicon PreSat[96] Santa Clara / NASA[96][97] Intended: Low Earth Biological
⚀ Template:Flagicon NanoSail-D[96] Santa Clara / NASA[96][98] Intended: Low Earth Solar sail
Template:Flagicon Explorers[99] Celestis Intended: Low Earth Space burial
First and second stage recontact due to residual thrust.[89] PreSAT and NanoSail-D CubeSats, Celestis burial payload included remains of astronaut Gordon Cooper,[90] actor James Doohan,[91] writer and director John Meredyth Lucas,[92] and Apollo mission planner Mareta West[93]
14 August
20:44[77] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
Template:Flagicon Superbird 7 SCC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon AMC-21 SES Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
16 August
19:32[100] 		Template:Flagicon Safir[101] LBS.2001 Template:Flagicon Semnan Template:Flagicon ISA
Template:Flagicon DemoSat[102] ISA Intended: Low Earth[100] Test flight 16 August Launch failure[100]
Reported to have been first Iranian orbital launch attempt. Officially successful, however no objects were left in orbit.[100] Unofficial reports of a second stage malfunction.[100] Also reported to have been a suborbital test, or an attempt to launch the Omid satellite, instead of an orbital test launch.
18 August
22:43[103][104][105] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39[105] Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon Inmarsat-4 F3[106] Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
29 August
07:15:58[107] 		Template:Flagicon Dnepr Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 109/95 Template:Flagicon ISC Kosmotras
Template:Flagicon Tachys (RapidEye-1)[108] RapidEye / Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Successful[109]
Template:Flagicon Mati (RapidEye-2)[108] RapidEye / Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Successful[109]
Template:Flagicon Choma (RapidEye-3)[108] RapidEye / Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Successful[109]
Template:Flagicon Choros (RapidEye-4)[108] RapidEye / Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Successful[109]
Template:Flagicon Trochia (RapidEye-5)[108] RapidEye / Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Successful[109]
Template:Flatlist

September

6 September
03:25[110] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 2C Template:Flagicon Taiyuan LC-1 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Huan Jing 1A CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Huan Jing 1B CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Operational
6 September
18:50:57[111] 		Template:Flagicon Delta II 7420 Template:Flagicon Vandenberg SLC-2W Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon GeoEye 1 (Orbview 5) GeoEye Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Operational
10 September
19:50:02[59] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-U Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Progress M-65 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 7 December
08:48:47[112]		 Successful
ISS flight 30P
19 September
21:48[108][113] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon Nimiq-4[114] Telesat Canada Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
24 September
09:27:59[115] 		Template:Flagicon Zenit-3SL Template:Flagicon Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon Sea Launch
Template:Flagicon Galaxy 19 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
25 September
08:49:37
[108][116] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / DM-2[117] Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 81/24 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2442 (GLONASS)[108][118] VKS Medium Earth Navigation[119] In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2443 (GLONASS)[108][118] VKS Medium Earth Navigation[119] In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2444 (GLONASS)[108][118] VKS Medium Earth Navigation[119] In orbit Operational
25 September
13:10[108][121] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 2F Template:Flagicon Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-1 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Shenzhou 7 CMSA Low Earth Crewed flight 28 September
09:37:40[120]		 Successful
Template:Flagicon Ban Xing[120] CMSA Low Earth Technology demonstration 30 October 2009[122] Successful
Template:Flagicon Shenzhou 7-GC[120] CMSA Low Earth Technology demonstration 4 January 2010[123] Successful
Crewed flight with three yǔhángyuán, crew conducted first Chinese EVA
Ban Xing deployed from Shenzhou on 27 September at 11:27 GMT, GC separated on 28 September at 08:48 to begin independent mission[120]
28 September
23:15[125] 		Template:Flagicon Falcon 1 Template:Flagicon Omelek Template:Flagicon SpaceX
Template:Flagicon RatSat[120] SpaceX Low Earth Boilerplate In orbit Successful[125][124]
Launched boilerplate payload. First privately funded and developed liquid fuelled rocket to reach orbit.[124]
Template:Flatlist

October

1 October
06:37:16 		Template:Flagicon Dnepr Template:Flagicon Dombarovskiy Template:Flagicon ISC Kosmotras
Template:Flagicon THEOS GISTDA Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Operational
12 October
07:01[126] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-FG Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Soyuz TMA-13[127] Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 18 8 April 2009
07:16		 Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts, including a space tourist. 100th flight of the Soyuz programme to be crewed at some point in its mission[9]
19 October
17:47:23[128] 		Template:FlagiconPegasus-XL/Star-27 Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconStargazer, Kwajalein Atoll Template:FlagiconOrbital Sciences
Template:Flagicon IBEX NASA High Earth Solar In orbit Operational
22 October
00:52:11[130] 		Template:Flagicon PSLV-XL Template:Flagicon Satish Dhawan SLP Template:Flagicon ISRO
Template:Flagicon Chandrayaan-1[131] ISRO Selenocentric Lunar orbiter In orbit Partial spacecraft failure
Template:Flagicon MIP ISRO Selenocentric Lunar impactor 14 November Successful
First Indian lunar spacecraft,[129] failed on 28 August 2009 after less than half of planned mission duration, maiden flight of PSLV-XL
25 October
01:15[133] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 4B Template:Flagicon Taiyuan LC-2[132] Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Shijian 6-03A CNSA Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Shijian 6-03B CNSA Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
First launch from Taiyuan LC-2[132]
25 October
02:28[134] 		Template:Flagicon Delta II 7420-10 Template:Flagicon Vandenberg SLC-2W Template:Flagicon United Launch Alliance
Template:Flagicon COSMO-3 ASI[135] Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Operational
29 October
16:53:53[136] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 3B/E Template:Flagicon Xichang LC-2 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon VeneSat-1 (Simón Bolívar) VMoST Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful; Partial spacecraft failure
First Venezuelan satellite.[136] Lost in March 2020 due to the failure of both solar array drives.[137]
Template:Flatlist

November

5 November
00:15[138] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 2D[139] Template:Flagicon Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center SLS-2[140] Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Chuang Xin 1B CNSA Low Earth Weather In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Shiyan 3[140] CNSA Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Operational
5 November
20:44 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon Astra 1M SES Astra Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Final flight of standard Proton-M
14 November
15:50[141] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-U Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 16/2 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2445 (Kobalt-M) VKS Low Earth Optical imaging 23 February 2009[142]
16:15[143]		 Successful
15 November
00:55:39[145] 		Template:Flagicon Space Shuttle Endeavour[146] Template:Flagicon Kennedy LC-39A Template:Flagicon United Space Alliance
Template:Flagicon STS-126[147] NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly 30 November
21:25:06[148]		 Successful
Template:FlagiconTemplate:FlagiconLeonardo MPLM ASI / NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics Successful
Template:Flagicon PSSC U.S. Air Force Low Earth Technology demonstration 17 February 2010
17:31[149]		 Successful
Crewed flight with seven astronauts, PSSC deployed from Shuttle at 20:33 GMT on 29 November and operated for 110 days.[144]
26 November
12:38:27[150] 		Template:Flagicon Soyuz-U Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 1/5 Template:Flagicon Roscosmos
Template:Flagicon Progress M-01M Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 8 February 2009
08:20[151]		 Successful
First flight of modernised Progress spacecraft, Kurs anomaly necessitated manual docking.
ISS flight 31P
Template:Flatlist

December

1 December
04:42[152] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 2D Template:Flagicon Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center SLS-2 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Yaogan-4 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation In orbit Operational
2 December
05:00[153] 		Template:Flagicon Molniya-M/2BL[154] Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Site 16/2 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2446 (Oko) VKS Molniya Missile defence In orbit Operational
10 December
13:43:00[155] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 200/39 Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon International Launch Services
Template:Flagicon Ciel-2[77] Ciel[156] Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
15 December
03:22[157] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 4B Template:Flagicon Taiyuan LC-2 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Yaogan-5 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 2 September 2014 Successful
20 December
22:35[158] 		Unknown Template:Flagicon Kourou ELA-3 Template:Flagicon Arianespace
Template:Flagicon Hot Bird 9[77] Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Eutelsat W2M[77] Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure[159]
23 December
00:54[160] 		Template:Flagicon Long March 3A Template:Flagicon Xichang LC-2 Template:Flagicon CASC
Template:Flagicon Fengyun 2E CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology In orbit Operational
25 December
10:43[161] 		Template:Flagicon Proton-M / DM-2 Enhanced Template:Flagicon Baikonur Site 81/24 Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2447 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2448 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Template:Flagicon Kosmos 2449 (GLONASS) VKS Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
First flight of Proton-M Enhanced with DM-2 upper stage, last orbital launch from Baikonur to be conducted by the Russian military
Template:Flatlist

Suborbital launches

Template:Flatlist
Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January-March

11 January
05:32[1] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant IX Template:Flagicon White Sands LC-36 Template:Flagicon NASA
Template:Flagicon LIDOS JHU Suborbital UV Astronomy 05:42 Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
17 January[162] Template:Flagicon Jericho III Template:Flagicon Palmachim Template:Flagicon Israeli Air Force
Israeli Air Force Suborbital Missile test 17 January Successful
18 January
07:30[163] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant XII Template:Flagicon Andøya Template:Flagicon NASA
Template:Flagicon SCIFER-2 Cornell/Dartmouth Suborbital Ionospheric research 18 January Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
25 January[164] Template:Flagicon Shaheen-I Template:Flagicon Sonmiani Template:Flagicon Pakistan Army
Pakistan Army Suborbital Missile test 25 January Successful
31 January
19:14[165] 		Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon VS-30-Orion Template:Flagicon Andøya Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon DLR/Andøya
Template:Flagicon HotPay-2 University of Leeds Suborbital Ionospheric research 31 January Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
4 February[166] Template:Flagicon Safir Template:Flagicon Semnan Template:Flagicon ISA
Template:Flagicon Kavoshgar-1 ISA Suborbital Test flight 4 February Successful
6 February
09:14:40[167] 		Template:Flagicon S-310 Template:Flagicon Uchinoura Template:Flagicon JAXA
JAXA Suborbital Ionospheric research 6 February Successful
7 February
11:30[168] 		Template:Flagicon VSB-30 Template:Flagicon Esrange Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg DLR / ESA
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg TEXUS-44 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity 7 February Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
21 February
03:26[169] 		Template:Flagicon RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy / MDA
Template:Flagicon ASAT MDA Suborbital Satellite intercept 03:29[169] Successful
Destroyed USA-193 satellite[17]
21 February
06:15[168] 		Template:Flagicon VSB-30 Template:Flagicon Esrange Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg DLR / ESA
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg TEXUS-45 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity 21 February Successful
26 February
07:28[170] 		Template:Flagicon K-15 Sagarika Template:Flagicon INS Kalinga Template:Flagicon Indian Navy
Indian Navy Suborbital Missile test 26 February Successful
23 March
04:45[171] 		Template:Flagicon Agni 1 Template:Flagicon Integrated Test Range LC-4[171] Template:Flagicon Indian Army
SFC / DRDO Suborbital Missile test 23 March Successful
28 March Template:Flagicon VSB-30 Template:Flagicon Andøya Template:Flagicon Andøya
Template:Flagicon Mini-DUSTY 14 Andøya Suborbital Ionospheric research 28 March Successful

April-June

2 April
08:01[172] 		Template:Flagicon LGM-30G Minuteman III Template:Flagicon Vandenberg LF-09 Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
Template:FlagiconGT-196GM U.S. Air Force Suborbital Missile test 2 April Successful
Travelled Script error: No such module "convert". downrange[172]
14 April
16:58[173] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant IX Template:Flagicon White Sands LC-36 Template:Flagicon NASA
Template:Flagicon SEE UCB LASP Suborbital UV Astronomy[174] 17:08[173] Successful
15 April Template:Flagicon Blue Sparrow Template:Flagicon F-15 Eagle, Israel Template:Flagicon Israeli Air Force
Israeli Air Force Suborbital Test flight 15 April Successful
Maiden flight of Blue Sparrow.
19 April[175][176] Template:Flagicon Shaheen-II Template:Flagicon Sonmiani Template:Flagicon Pakistan Army[177]
Pakistan Army[177] Suborbital Missile test 19 April Successful
21 April[178] Template:Flagicon Shaheen-II Template:Flagicon Sonmiani Template:Flagicon Pakistan Army
Pakistan Army Suborbital Missile test 21 April Successful
1 May
05:30[179][180] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant IX Template:Flagicon White Sands LC-36 Template:Flagicon NASA
JHU Suborbital UV Astronomy 05:40 Successful
7 May
04:26[181][182] 		Template:Flagicon Agni-III Template:FlagiconIntegrated Test Range LC-4 Template:FlagiconIndian Army
SFC/DRDO Suborbital Missile test 04:41 Successful
8 May Template:Flagicon UGM-133 Trident II Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Missile test 8 May Successful
8 May Template:FlagiconUGM-133 Trident II Template:FlagiconUSS Nebraska Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Missile test 8 May Successful
15 May
04:00[184][185][183] 		Template:Flagicon VSB-30 Template:Flagicon Esrange Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon SSC/DLR
Template:Flagicon File:European Space Agency logo.svg MASER-11 SSC/ESA Suborbital Microgravity 15 May Successful[183]
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".[183]
22 May
10:04[187][188] 		Template:Flagicon LGM-30G Minuteman III Template:Flagicon Vandenberg LF-10 Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
Template:Flagicon GT-197GM U.S. Air Force/NNSA[187] Suborbital Missile test 22 May Successful
Long range test[186]
23 May
05:00[189] 		Template:Flagicon Prithvi Template:FlagiconIntegrated Test Range Template:Flagicon Indian Army
Indian Army[189] Suborbital Missile test 23 May Successful
User test[189]
29 May Template:Flagicon JL-2 Template:Flagicon P629 submarine, Yellow Sea Template:Flagicon PLAN
PLAN Suborbital Missile test 29 May Successful
5 June
18:13 		Template:Flagicon TR-SRBM FTM-14 Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., Kauai Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy / MDA
MDA Suborbital AEGIS target 5 June Successful
Destroyed after re-entry by endoatmospheric SM-2 missile launch
13 June Template:Flagicon MRT Template:Flagicon Barking Sands Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy / MDA
MDA Suborbital AEGIS target 13 June Successful
Used for simulated test, not intercepted
13 June Template:Flagicon MRT Template:Flagicon Barking Sands Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy / MDA
MDA Suborbital AEGIS target 13 June Successful
Used for simulated test, not intercepted
26 June
02:16[190] 		Template:Flagicon TRBM FTT-09 Template:Flagicon C-17, Pacific Ocean Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
MDA Suborbital THAAD Target 26 June Successful
Intercepted after re-entry by THAAD launched from KMR at 02:22 GMT.[190][191][192]
26 June
19:57[193][194] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant XI Template:Flagicon Wallops Island Template:Flagicon NASA
MDA[194] Suborbital Technology demonstration 26 June Successful
30 June[195] Template:Flagicon Nike-Orion Template:Flagicon Andøya Template:Flagicon Andøya
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon ECOMA 2008-1 Andøya / DLR Suborbital Aeronomy 30 June Successful

July-September

7 July
21:30[195] 		Template:Flagicon Nike-Orion Template:Flagicon Andøya Template:Flagicon Andøya
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon ECOMA 2008-2 Andøya / DLR Suborbital Aeronomy 7 July Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
9 July[196] Template:Flagicon Shahab-3Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Flagicon Strait of Hormuz[196] Template:Flagicon IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 9 July Successful
Part of Great Prophet III exercise.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
9 July[196] Template:Flagicon Shahab-2[197] Template:Flagicon Strait of Hormuz[196] Template:Flagicon IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 9 July Successful
Part of Great Prophet III exercise,Script error: No such module "Unsubst". missile type not confirmed.
9 July[196] Template:Flagicon Shahab-1[197] Template:Flagicon Strait of Hormuz[196] Template:Flagicon IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 9 July Successful
Part of Great Prophet III exercise,Script error: No such module "Unsubst". missile type not confirmed.
10 July[198] Template:Flagicon Shahab-3 Template:Flagicon Strait of Hormuz Template:Flagicon IRGC
IRGC Suborbital Missile test 10 July Successful
Part of Great Prophet III exercise, missile type not confirmed.
12 July
10:46[195] 		Template:Flagicon Nike-Orion Template:Flagicon Andøya[195] Template:Flagicon Andøya
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon ECOMA 2008-3 Andøya / DLR Suborbital Aeronomy[195] 12 July Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".[195]
14 July
10:10[199] 		Template:Flagicon Terrier-Orion[200] Template:Flagicon Wallops Island LP-1 Template:Flagicon NASA
Template:Flagicon SubTEC-II NASA / Wallops Suborbital Technology demonstration 14 July Successful
18 July
22:47[201] 		Template:Flagicon UGM-27 Polaris (STARS Template:Flagicon Kodiak Island Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
Template:Flagicon FTX-03 MDA Suborbital Target 18 July Successful[202]
Radar targeting test only, missile not intercepted
1 AugustScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Flagicon R-29 Template:Flagicon Ryazan, Barents SeaScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 1 August SuccessfulScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
2 August
08:30[203][204] 		Template:Flagicon S-520 Template:Flagicon Uchinoura Template:Flagicon JAXA
JAXA/Teikyo Suborbital Microgravity 2 August Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
13 August
08:01[206] 		Template:Flagicon LGM-30G Minuteman III Template:Flagicon Vandenberg Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
Template:Flagicon GT-195GM U.S. Air Force Suborbital Missile test 13 August Successful[206]
Travelled about Script error: No such module "convert". downrange.[205]
22 August
09:10[208] 		Template:Flagicon ALV Template:Flagicon MARS LP-0B Template:Flagicon Alliant Techsystems
Template:Flagicon SOAREX-VI NASA Suborbital Technology demonstration T+27 seconds[208] Launch failure
Template:Flagicon Hy-BoLT NASA Suborbital Aerodynamics
Only flight of ALV, veered off course to the South and destroyed by RSO[207]
25 August[209] Template:FlagiconUGM-133 Trident II Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., Pacific Ocean Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Missile test 25 August Successful
25 August[209] Template:FlagiconUGM-133 Trident II Template:FlagiconUSS Louisiana, Pacific Ocean Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Missile test 25 August Successful
28 August[210] Template:Flagicon RT-2PM Topol (RS-12M) Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
RVSN RF Suborbital Missile test 28 August Successful
18 September
02:05[211] 		FTT-10 Template:Flagicon Kauai Template:Flagicon MDA
MDA Suborbital Target 18 September Launch failure[211]
Two THAAD intercept launches cancelled.[211]
18 September
14:45[212] 		Template:Flagicon RSM-56 Bulava (R-30) Template:Flagicon Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea[213] Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 15:05[214] Successful
24 September
06:57[215] 		Template:Flagicon Chimera[215] (Minuteman/Minotaur II) Template:Flagicon Vandenberg LF-06 Template:Flagicon Orbital Sciences
Template:Flagicon NFIRE 2b MDA Suborbital Target 24 September Successful
Tracked by NFIRE satellite

October-December

11 OctoberScript error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Flagicon R-29RMU Sineva Template:Flagicon Tula, Barents Sea Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 11 October Successful
Long-range testScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
12 October
07:24Script error: No such module "Unsubst". 		Template:Flagicon RT-2PM Topol (RS-12M) Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
RVSN RF Suborbital Missile test 07:50Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Successful
12 October[216] Template:Flagicon R-29R Vysota Template:Flagicon Zelenograd, Sea of Okhotsk[216] Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
12 October[216] Template:Flagicon R-29RM Shtil Template:Flagicon Yekaterinburg, Barents Sea[216] Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
20 October
08:39[217] 		Template:Flagicon Black Brant IX Template:Flagicon White Sands LC-36 Template:Flagicon NASA
NRL Suborbital UV Astronomy[218] 08:49[217] Successful
22 October
09:10[219] 		Template:Flagicon RS-18 UR-100N Template:Flagicon Baikonur Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
RVSN RF Suborbital Missile test 22 October Successful
22 October
12:30[220] 		Template:Flagicon Nike-Orion Template:Flagicon Esrange Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon EuroLaunch
Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon REXUS-4 SSC / DLR Suborbital Student research 22 October Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".
1 November[221] Pacific Blitz Template:Flagicon Barking Sands Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Target 1 November Successful
Intercepted by SM-3 missile, part of Pacific Blitz exercise[221]
1 November[221] Template:Flagicon RIM-161 SM-3 Pacific Blitz Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., Pacific Ocean[221] Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy[221] Suborbital Intercept test 1 November Successful
Intercepted target missile, part of Pacific Blitz exercise[221]
1 November[221] Pacific Blitz Template:Flagicon Barking Sands Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy Suborbital Target 1 November Successful
Intercept by SM-3 missile failed. Part of Pacific Blitz exercise[221]
1 November[221] Template:Flagicon RIM-161 SM-3 Pacific Blitz Template:Flagicon Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., Pacific Ocean[221] Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy[221] Suborbital Intercept test 1 November Spacecraft failure
Sensor fault resulted in failure to intercept target missile.[221] Part of Pacific Blitz exercise[221]
5 November
09:00[222] 		Template:Flagicon LGM-30G Minuteman III Template:Flagicon Vandenberg Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
Template:Flagicon GT-198GM U.S. Air Force Suborbital Missile test 5 November Successful
Travelled Script error: No such module "convert". downrange[222]
12 November
05:56[223] 		Template:Flagicon Shaurya[224] Template:FlagiconIntegrated Test Range LC-3[225] Template:FlagiconDRDO
Indian Army Suborbital Missile test 12 November Successful
12 November[226] Template:Flagicon Sejjil Template:Flagicon Iran Template:Flagicon IRGC AF
IRGC AF Suborbital Missile test 12 November Successful
Maiden flight of Sejjil missile
13 November
09:06[227] 		Template:Flagicon M51 Template:Flagicon CEL Template:Flagicon FOST
FOST Suborbital Missile test 13 November Successful
14 November Template:Flagicon Black Brant IX Template:Flagicon White Sands LC-36 Template:Flagicon NASA
NRL[228] Suborbital Solar[228] 14 November Successful
19 November
02:18[229][230] 		JFTM-2 Template:Flagicon Barking Sands Template:Flagicon U.S. Navy
U.S. Navy / JMSDF Suborbital Target 19 November Successful
Intercept by SM-3 missile failed
19 November
02:21[230] 		Template:Flagicon RIM-161 SM-3 JFTM-2 Template:Flagicon JDS Chōkai, Pacific Ocean Template:Flagicon JMSDF
JMSDF Suborbital Interceptor 19 November Spacecraft failure
Infrared sensor fault, failed to intercept target[231]
26 November
13:24Script error: No such module "Unsubst". 		Template:Flagicon RS-24 Yars Template:Flagicon Plesetsk Template:Flagicon RVSN RF
RVSN RF Suborbital Missile test 26 November Successful
26 November[232] Template:Flagicon Kavoshgar-2 Template:Flagicon Semnan Template:Flagicon ISA
Template:Flagicon Kavoshgar-2 ISA Suborbital Test flight 26 November Successful
Payload recovered by parachute
28 November[233] Template:FlagiconRSM-56 Bulava (R-30) Template:Flagicon Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea[234] Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 28 November Successful
5 December
10:35:10[235] 		Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconVS-30-Orion Template:Flagicon SvalRak Template:Flagicon Andøya
Template:Flagicon ICI-2[236] Oslo Suborbital Auroral 10:45[235] Successful
Apogee: Script error: No such module "convert".[235]
5 December
20:04[238] 		Template:FlagiconUGM-27 Polaris (STARS) FTG-05 Template:FlagiconKodiak Island Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
MDA Suborbital Target 20:29[239] Partial spacecraft failure
Decoy target failed to deploy,[237] intercepted by GBI
5 December
20:21[238] 		Template:Flagicon Ground Based Interceptor FTG-05 Template:Flagicon Vandenberg Template:Flagicon U.S. Air Force
MDA Suborbital Target 20:29[239] Successful
Intercepted Polaris
23 December
03:00[241] 		Template:FlagiconRSM-56 Bulava[242] Template:FlagiconDmitry Donskoi[240] Template:Flagicon VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 23 December Launch failure
Self-destruct system activated after missile went off course.[240]
Template:Flatlist

Deep Space Rendezvous

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
5 January Cassini 40th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
14 January MESSENGER 1st flyby of Mercury Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert". at 19:04 GMT[243]
22 February Cassini 41st flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
12 March Cassini 3rd flyby of Enceladus Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
25 March Cassini 42nd flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
12 May Cassini 43rd flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
25 May Phoenix Landing on Mars Region D, Arctic area - Green Valley, near the Heimdal crater: Script error: No such module "Coordinates".. Touchdown at 23:38 GMT. Successful[244]
28 May Cassini 44th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
31 July Cassini 45th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
11 August Cassini 4th flyby of Enceladus Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
5 September Rosetta Flyby of 2867 Šteins

Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".

6 October MESSENGER 2nd flyby of Mercury
9 October Cassini 5th flyby of Enceladus Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
31 October Cassini 6th flyby of Enceladus Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
3 November Cassini 46th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
8 November Chandrayaan-1 Injection into Selenocentric orbit Periselene: Script error: No such module "convert"., Aposelene: Script error: No such module "convert".[245]
14 November MIP Landing on the Moon Lunar Impactor
19 November Cassini 47th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
5 December Cassini 48th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
21 December Cassini 49th flyby of Titan Closest approach: Script error: No such module "convert".
Distant, non-targeted flybys of Dione, Enceladus, Mimas, Tethys and Titan by Cassini occurred throughout the year.

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Function Remarks
30 January
09:56[246] 		7 hours
10 minutes 		17:06[247] Expedition 16
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconPeggy Whitson
Template:FlagiconDaniel M. Tani 		Replace motor and bearing in solar array joint
11 February
14:13[248] 		7 hours
58 minutes 		22:11[248] STS-122
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRex J. Walheim
Template:FlagiconStanley G. Love 		Install Power Data Grapple Fixture on Columbus Originally to have been conducted by Walheim and Hans Schlegel, Love replaced Schlegel on medical grounds.[249]
13 February
14:27[250] 		6 hours
45 minutes 		21:12[250] STS-122
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRex J. Walheim
Template:FlagiconHans Schlegel 		Replace depleted nitrogen tank
15 February
12:07[250] 		7 hours
25 minutes 		20:32[250] STS-122
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRex J. Walheim
Template:FlagiconStanley G. Love 		Install experiments on Columbus, load failed gyroscope onto Shuttle for return to Earth
14 March
01:18[251] 		7 hours
1 minute 		08:19[251] STS-123
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRichard M. Linnehan
Template:FlagiconGarrett Reisman 		Install Kibo ELM-PS and start Dextre assembly
15 March
23:49[252] 		7 hours
8 minutes 		16 March
06:57[252] 		STS-123
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRichard M. Linnehan
Template:FlagiconMichael Foreman 		Dextre assembly
17 March
22:52[252] 		6 hours
53 minutes 		18 March
05:44[252] 		STS-123
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRichard M. Linnehan
Template:FlagiconRobert L. Behnken 		Dextre assembly, install MISSE-6 experiment, and store spare parts outside the ISS MISSE installation failed[252]
20 March
22:04[252] 		6 hours
24 minutes 		21 March
04:08[252] 		STS-123
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRobert L. Behnken
Template:FlagiconMichael Foreman 		Test heat shield repair techniques
22 March
20:34[252] 		6 hours
2 minutes 		23 March
02:36[252] 		STS-123
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconRobert L. Behnken
Template:FlagiconMichael Foreman 		Store OBSS on ISS, retry MISSE-6 installation[253]
3 June
16:22[254] 		6 hours
48 minutes[67] 		23:10[67] STS-124
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconMike Fossum
Template:FlagiconRon Garan 		Install JEM Pressurised Module, Inspect SARJ, retrieve OBSS.[254]
5 June
15:04[67] 		7 hours
11 minutes[67] 		22:15[67] STS-124
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconMike Fossum
Template:FlagiconRon Garan 		Adjust covers on JEM, Inspect SARJ.[255]
8 June
13:55[67] 		6 hours
33 minutes[67] 		20:28[67] STS-124
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconMike Fossum
Template:FlagiconRon Garan 		Replace nitrogen tank, inspect SARJ.[256]
10 July
18:48[257] 		6 hours
18 minutes[257] 		11 July
01:06[257] 		Expedition 17
(ISS Pirs)[257] 		Template:FlagiconSergei Volkov
Template:FlagiconOleg Kononenko 		Remove pyrotechnic bolt from Soyuz TMA-12 for inspection.[258]
15 July
17:08[257] 		5 hours
54 minutes[257] 		23:02[257] Expedition 17
(ISS Pirs)[257] 		Template:FlagiconSergei Volkov
Template:FlagiconOleg Kononenko 		Install docking targeting equipment, rotate exposed experiments[259]
27 September
08:38 		22 minutes 09:00 Shenzhou 7 Template:FlagiconZhai Zhigang (full)
Template:FlagiconLiu Boming (stand-up) 		Test spacesuit, collect experiment First Chinese EVA
18 November
18:09 		6 hours
52 minutes 		19 November
01:01 		STS-126
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconHeidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper
Template:FlagiconStephen G. Bowen 		Transferred an empty nitrogen tank assembly from ESP3 to the shuttle's cargo bay, transferred a new flex hose rotary coupler to ESP3 for future use, removed an insulation cover on the Kibo Exposed Facility berthing mechanism, began cleaning and lubrication of the starboard SARJ, and replacement of its 11 trundle bearing assemblies.[260][261]
20 November
17:58 		6 hours
45 minutes 		21 November
00:43 		STS-126
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconHeidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper
Template:FlagiconRobert S. Kimbrough 		Relocated the two CETA carts from the starboard side of the Mobile Transporter to the port side, lubricated the station robotic arm's latching end effector A snare bearings, continued cleaning and lubrication of the starboard SARJ[262][263][264] Conducted on tenth anniversary of the launch of the ISS[262]
22 November
18:01 		6 hours
57 minutes 		23 November
00:58 		STS-126
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconHeidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper
Template:FlagiconStephen G. Bowen 		Completed cleaning and lubrication of all but one of the trundle bearing assemblies (TBA) on the starboard SARJ.[265][266]
24 November
18:24 		6 hours
7 minutes 		25 November
00:31 		STS-126
(ISS Quest) 		Template:FlagiconStephen G. Bowen
Template:FlagiconRobert S. Kimbrough 		Completed replacement of trundle bearing assemblies on starboard SARJ, lubricated the port SARJ, installed a video camera, re-installed insulation covers on the Kibo External Facility berthing mechanism, performed Kibo robotic arm grounding tab maintenance, installed spacewalk handrails on Kibo, installed Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) antennae on Kibo, photographed radiators, and photographed trailing umbilical system cables.[267]
23 December
00:51 		5 hours
38 minutes 		06:29 Expedition 18
(ISS Pirs) 		Template:FlagiconMichael Fincke
Template:FlagiconYuri Lonchakov 		Install Langmuir probe, EXPOSE-R and IPI-SM experiments.[268] EXPOSE-R installation failed[268]

Orbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. Template:Pie chart

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures
Script error: No such module "flag". 11 11 0 0
Script error: No such module "flag". 6 6 0 0
Script error: No such module "flag". 3 2 0 1
Script error: No such module "flag". 1Template:Efn 0 1 0
Script error: No such module "flag". 1 1 0 0
Script error: No such module "flag". 24 23 0 1
Script error: No such module "flag". 8 8 0 0
Script error: No such module "flag". 15 14 1 0
World Script error: No such module "math". Script error: No such module "math". Script error: No such module "math". Script error: No such module "math".

By rocket

Script error: No such module "Chart".

By family

By type

By configuration

By launch site

Script error: No such module "Chart".

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Baikonur Script error: No such module "flag". 19 18 0 1
Cape Canaveral Script error: No such module "flag". 3 3 0 0
Dombarovsky Script error: No such module "flag". 1 1 0 0
Jiuquan Script error: No such module "flag". 3 3 0 0
Kapustin Yar Script error: No such module "flag". 1 1 0 0
Kennedy Script error: No such module "flag". 4 4 0 0
Kwajalein Script error: No such module "flag". 4 3 1 0 Two launches used Stargazer aircraft
Kourou Script error: No such module "flag". 6 6 0 0
Ocean Odyssey Template:Flagicon International 5 5 0 0
Plesetsk Script error: No such module "flag". 6 6 0 0
Satish Dhawan Script error: No such module "flag". 3 3 0 0
Semnan Script error: No such module "flag". 1 0 1 0 First orbital launch attempt
Taiyuan Script error: No such module "flag". 4 4 0 0
Tanegashima Script error: No such module "flag". 1 1 0 0
Vandenberg Script error: No such module "flag". 4 4 0 0
Xichang Script error: No such module "flag". 4 4 0 0
Total 69 66 2 1

By orbit

Script error: No such module "Chart".

Orbital regime Launches <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />SuccessesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Failures Accidentally
achieved 		Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 36 34 2 0 11 to ISS
Medium Earth / Molniya 6 6 0 0
Geosynchronous / GTO 25 25 0 0
High Earth / Lunar transfer 2 2 0 0
Heliocentric / Planetary transfer 0 0 0 0
Total 69 67 2 0

Notes

Template:Notelist

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Generic references: Script error: No such module "navbar".
Script error: No such module "portal-inline".

Footnotes

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  62. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  77. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  87. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  88. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  89. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  90. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  91. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  92. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  93. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  94. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  95. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  96. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  98. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  99. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  100. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  101. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  102. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  103. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  104. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  105. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  106. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  107. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  108. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  109. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  110. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  111. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  112. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  113. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  114. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  115. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  116. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  117. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  118. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  119. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  120. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  121. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  122. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  123. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  124. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  125. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  126. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  127. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  128. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  129. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  130. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  131. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  132. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  133. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  134. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  135. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  136. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  137. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  138. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  139. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  140. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  141. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  142. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  143. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  144. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  145. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  146. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  147. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  148. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  149. ↑ PSSC
  150. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  151. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  152. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  153. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  154. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  155. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  156. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  157. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  158. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  159. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  160. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  161. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  162. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  163. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  164. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  165. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  166. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  167. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  168. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  169. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  170. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  171. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  172. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  173. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  174. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  175. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  176. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  177. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  178. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  179. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  180. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  181. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  182. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  183. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  184. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  185. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  186. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  187. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  188. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  189. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  190. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  191. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  192. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  193. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  194. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  195. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  196. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  197. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  198. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  199. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  200. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Template:Cbignore
  201. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  202. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  203. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  204. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  205. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  206. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  207. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  208. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  209. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  210. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  211. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  212. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  213. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  214. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  215. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  216. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  217. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Template:Cbignore
  218. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  219. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  220. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  221. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  222. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  223. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  224. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  225. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  226. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  227. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Template:Cbignore
  228. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  229. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  230. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Template:Cbignore
  231. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  232. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  233. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  234. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  235. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Template:Cbignore
  236. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  237. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  238. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  239. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  240. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  241. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  242. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  243. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  244. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  245. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  246. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  247. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  248. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  249. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  250. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  251. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  252. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  253. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  254. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  255. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  256. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  257. ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  258. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  259. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  260. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  261. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  262. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  263. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  264. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  265. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  266. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  267. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  268. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  269. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Orbital launches in 2008

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