NATO Integrated Air Defense System: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:23, 12 December 2025

A Patriot system of the German Air Force in August 2005.

The NATO Integrated Air Defense System (short: NATINADS) is a command and control network combining radars and other facilities spread throughout the NATO alliance's air defence forces. It formed in the mid-1950s and became operational in 1962 as NADGE. It has been constantly upgraded since its formation, notably with the integration of Airborne Early Warning aircraft in the 1970s. The United Kingdom maintained its own network, but was fully integrated with the network since the introduction of the Linesman/Mediator network in the 1970s. Similarly, the German network maintained an independent nature through GEADGE.

Development

Development was approved by the NATO Military Committee in December 1955. The system was to be based on four air defense regions (ADRs) coordinated by SACEUR (Supreme Allied Commander Europe). Starting from 1956 early warning coverage was extended across Western Europe using 18 radar stations. This part of the system was completed by 1962. Linked to existing national radar sites, the coordinated system was called the NATO Air Defence Ground Environment (NADGE).

From 1960 NATO countries agreed to place all their air defence forces under the command of SACEUR in the event of war. These forces included command & control (C2) systems, radar installations, and Surface-to-Air (SAM) missile units as well as interceptor aircraft.

By 1972 NADGE was converted into NATINADS consisting of 84 radar sites and associated Control Reporting Centres (CRC) and in the 1980s the Airborne Early Warning / Ground Environment Integration Segment (AEGIS) upgraded the NATINADS with the possibility to integrate the AWACS radar picture and all of its information into its visual displays. (NOTE: This AEGIS is not to be confused with the U.S.Navy AEGIS, a shipboard fire control radar and weapons system.) AEGIS processed the information through Hughes H5118ME computers, which replaced the H3118M computers installed at NADGE sites in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

NATINADS ability to handle data increased with faster clock rates. The H5118M computer had a staggering 1 megabyte of memory and could handle 1.2 million instructions per second while the former model had a memory of only 256 kilobytes and a clock speed of 150,000 instructions per seconds.^[1]

NATINADS/AEGIS were complemented, in West Germany by the German Air Defence Ground Environment (GEADGE), an updated radar network adding the southern part of Germany to the European system and Coastal Radar Integration System (CRIS), adding data links from Danish coastal radars.

In order to counter the hardware obsolescence, during the mid-1990s NATO started the AEGIS Site Emulator (ASE) program allowing the NATINADS/AEGIS sites to replace the proprietary hardware (the 5118ME computer and the various operator consoles IDM-2, HMD-22, IDM-80) with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) servers and workstations.

In the first years 2000, the initial ASE capability was expanded with the possibility to run, thanks to the new hardware power, multiple site emulators on the same hardware, so the system was renamed into Multi-AEGIS Site Emulator (MASE). The NATO system designed to replace MASE in the near future is the Air Command and Control System (ACCS).

Because of changing politics, NATO expanding and financial crises most European (NATO) countries are trying to cut defence budgets; as a direct result, many obsolete and outdated NATINADS facilities are phased out earlier. As of 2013, operational NATO radar sites in Europe are as follows:

Allied Air Command

Allied Air Command (AIRCOM) is the central command of all NATO air forces on the European continent. The command is based at Ramstein Air Base in Germany and has two subordinate commands in Germany and Spain. The Royal Canadian Air Force and United States Air Force fall under command of the Canadian/American North American Aerospace Defense Command.

Allied Air Command, at Ramstein Air Base, Germany
- CAOC Torrejón, at Torrejón Air Base, Spain - responsible for the airspace South of the Alps
  - Albania: Air Surveillance Centre, at Tirana International Airport
  - Bulgaria: Air Sovereignty Operations Centre, in Sofia
  - Croatia: Airspace Surveillance Centre, in Podvornica
  - Greece: Air Operations Centre, at Larissa Air Base
  - Italy: National Air and Space Operations Centre, in Poggio Renatico
  - Montenegro: Air Surveillance and Reporting Centre, at Podgorica Airport
  - Portugal: Control and Reporting Centre, in Monsanto
  - Romania: Air Operations Centre, in Balotești^[2]
  - Slovenia: Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre, in Brnik
  - Spain: Air Operations Centre, in Torrejón
    - Central Command and Control Group, at Torrejón Air Base
    - Northern Command and Control Group, at Zaragoza Air Base
  - Turkey: Control and Reporting Centre, in Ahlatlıbel
- CAOC Uedem, in Uedem, Germany - responsible for the airspace North of the Alps
  - Baltic Air Surveillance Network - Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre, in Karmėlava
    - Estonia: Air Operations Control Centre, at Ämari Air Base
    - Latvia: Air Operations Centre, at Lielvārde Air Base
    - Lithuania: Airspace Control Centre, in Karmėlava
  - Belgium: Control and Reporting Centre, at Beauvechain Air Base
  - Czech Republic: Control and Reporting Centre, in Hlavenec
  - Denmark: Control and Reporting Centre, at Karup Air Base
  - France: Control and Reporting Centre, at Mont Verdun Air Base
  - Germany: Air Operations Centre, in Uedem
    - Control and Reporting Centre 2, in Erndtebrück
    - Control and Reporting Centre 3, in Schönewalde
  - Hungary: Air Operations Centre, in Veszprém
  - Iceland: Control and Reporting Centre, at Keflavik Air Base
  - Luxembourg: airspace controlled by Belgium's Control and Reporting Centre, at Beauvechain Air Base
  - Netherlands: Control and Reporting Centre, in Nieuw-Milligen
  - Norway: Control and Reporting Centre, in Sørreisa
  - Poland: Air Operations Centre, in Warsaw-Pyry
    - 22nd Command and Control Centre, in Osówiec
    - 32nd Command and Control Centre, in Balice
  - Slovakia: Air Operations Centre, at Sliač Air Base
  - United Kingdom: Control and Reporting Centre, at RAF Boulmer

Radar stations

Albania

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The Albanian Air Force's Air Surveillance Centre is based in Rinas and the Air Force operates a Lockheed Martin AN/TPS-77 radar on top of Mida mountain near Pukë.^[3]

Belgium

The Belgian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre was based at Glons, where also its main radar was located. The radar was deactivated in 2015^[4] and the Centre moved to Beauvechain Air Base in 2020.^[5] The Belgian Control and Reporting Centre reports to CAOC Uedem in Germany and is also responsible for guarding the airspace of Luxembourg. At the new location the Control and Reporting Centre uses digital radar data of the civilian radars of Belgocontrol and the Marconi S-723 radar of the Air Force's Air Traffic Control Centre in Semmerzake.

Bulgaria

The Bulgarian Air Force's Air Sovereignty Operations Centre is located in Sofia and reports to CAOC Torrejón. The Bulgarian Air Force fields three control and surveillance zones, which operate obsolete Soviet-era radars. The Bulgarian Air Force intends to replace these radars with fewer, but more capable Western 3-D radars as soon as possible. The future locations of the new radars are as of 2018 unknown.

Joint Forces Command, in Sofia
- Air Sovereignty Operational Centre (ASOC), in Sofia
  - Base Operative Centre (part of 3rd Air Base), Graf Ignatievo Air Base, operational control of fighter aviation
  - Command, Control and Surveillance Base, in Sofia
    - 1st Control and Surveillance Zone, in Bozhurishte, Sofia Province
    - 2nd Control and Surveillance Zone, in Trud, Plovdiv Province
    - 3rd Control and Surveillance Zone, in Bratovo, Burgas Province

Canada

The Royal Canadian Air Force's control centres and radar stations are part of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).

Croatia

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The Croatian Air Force and Air Defense's Airspace Surveillance Centre is headquartered in Podvornica and reports to CAOC Torrejón.

Air Force and Air Defense Command^[6]
- Airspace Surveillance and Control Battalion, at 91st Air Force Base (Zagreb - Pleso)^[7]
  - Airspace Surveillance Centre, in Podvornica
  - Sector Operational Centre, in Split
  - Mount Sljeme Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
  - Borinci Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
  - Papuk Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
  - Učka Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
  - Mount Rota, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T

Czech Republic

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The Czech Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre is located in Hlavenec and reports to CAOC Uedem.

Air Force Command, in Prague
- 26th Air Command, Control and Surveillance Regiment, in Stará Boleslav
  - 261st Control and Reporting Centre (CRC), in Hlavenec
  - 262nd Radio-technical Battalion, in Hlavenec
    - 1st Radio-technical Company, in Nepolisy, with RAT-31DL
    - 2nd Radio-technical Company, in Pomezí, with RL-5M
    - 4th Radio-technical Company, in Sokolnice, with RAT-31DL
    - 6th Radio-technical Company, in Planá, with RL-5M
  - 263nd Support Battalion, in Hlavenec
    - Reserve Control and Reporting Centre, in Větrušice

Denmark

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The Royal Danish Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 1) in Finderup was deactivated in 2008 and replaced at the same location by the Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup (CAOC F), which had responsibility for the airspaces of Iceland, Norway, Denmark and the United Kingdom. CAOC F was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Uedem in Germany. The national Danish Control and Reporting Centre is located at Karup Air Base and it reports to CAOC Uedem.

The Pituffik Space Base in Greenland is a United States Space Force installation and its radars are part of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and United States Space Command.

Air Force Tactical Command, at Karup Air Base
- Air Control Wing, at Karup Air Base
  - Control and Reporting Centre, at Karup Air Base
  - Radar Station Skrydstrup, at Skrydstrup Air Base, with AN/TPS-77
  - Radar Station Skagen, on Skagen island, with RAT-31DL (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4)^[8]
  - Radar Station Bornholm, in Almindingen on Bornholm island, with Marconi S-723 (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4)^[8]
  - Radar Station Sornfelli, on Streymoy island, (closed in 2010, will reopen and equipped with AN/TPY-4)^[8]

Estonia

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The Estonian Air Force's Air Operations Control Centre is located at Ämari Air Base and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) in Karmėlava, Lithuania, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.

Air Force Command, in Tallinn
- Air Surveillance Wing, at Ämari Air Base
  - Air Operations Control Centre, at Ämari Air Base
  - Engineering and Technical Group, at Ämari Air Base
    - Radar Station, in Levalõpme, with GM 403
    - Radar Station, in Otepää, with GM 403
    - Radar Station, in Kellavere, with AN/TPS-77(V)
    - Airport Surveillance Radar at Ämari Air Base, with ASR-8

Finland

The Finnish Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Jyväskylä Airport, while the air force's control reporting centres are co-located with the Lapland Air Wing (5th Control and Reporting Centre) at Rovaniemi Airport and the Karelia Air Wing (7th Control and Reporting Centre) at Kuopio Airport. Finland operates five fixed radar sites with Thomson TRS 2215D (KAVA) radars and 13 mobile 13 GM 403 radars (KEVA 2010).^[9]

Air Operations Centre, at Jyväskylä Airport
- 5th Control and Reporting Centre, at Rovaniemi Airport
- 7th Control and Reporting Centre, at Kuopio Airport

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

France

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The French Air and Space Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Mont Verdun Air Base and reports to CAOC Uedem. Most French radar sites use the PALMIER radar, which is being taken out of service. By 2022 all PALMIER radars were replaced with GM 403 radar.

Air Defense and Air Operations Command
- Air Operations Brigade, at Mont Verdun Air Base
  - Air Operations Centre, at Mont Verdun Air Base
  - Control and Reporting Centre, at Mont-de-Marsan Air Base
  - Control and Reporting Centre, in Cinq-Mars-la-Pile
  - Mont Verdun Air Base radar, with GM GM 406
  - Élément Air Rattaché (EAR) 943, on Mont Agel, with GM 406

Additionally the French Air and Space Force fields a GM 406 radar at the Cayenne-Rochambeau Air Base in French Guiana to protect the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou.

Germany

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The German Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 2) in Uedem was deactivated in 2008 and reactivated as CAOC Uedem in 2013. CAOC Uedem is responsible for the NATO airspace North of the Alps. The HADR radars are a variant of the HR-3000 radar, while the RRP-117 radars are a variant of the AN/FPS-117.

Air Operations Centre (Zentrum Luftoperationen der Luftwaffe) (NATO CAOC Uedem), in Uedem
- Control and Reporting Centre 2 (Einsatzführungsbereich 2), in Erndtebrück^[10]
  - Operations Squadron 21, in Erndtebrück
  - Operations Support Squadron 22, in Erndtebrück
    - Sensor Platoon I, in Lauda
      - Remote Radar Post 240 "Loneship", in Erndtebrück with GM 406F
      - Remote Radar Post 246 "Hardwheel", on Erbeskopf with HADR
      - Remote Radar Post 247 "Batman", in Lauda with GM 406F
      - Remote Radar Post 248 "Coldtrack", in Freising with GM 406F
      - Remote Radar Post 249 "Sweet Apple", in Meßstetten with HADR
    - Sensor Platoon II, in Auenhausen
      - Remote Radar Post 241 "Crabtree", in Marienbaum with HADR
      - Remote Radar Post 242 "Backwash", in Auenhausen with GM 406F
      - Remote Radar Post 243 "Silver Cork", in Visselhövede with GM 406F
      - Remote Radar Post 244 "Round up", in Brockzetel with HADR
      - Remote Radar Post 245 "Bugle", in Brekendorf with GM 406F
  - Control and Reporting Training Inspection 23, in Erndtebrück
    - Education and Training Centre, in Erndtebrück
    - Education, Test and Training Group, in Erndtebrück
- Control and Reporting Centre 3 (Einsatzführungsbereich 3), in Schönewalde^[11]
  - Operations Squadron 31, in Schönewalde
  - Operations Support Squadron 32, in Schönewalde
    - Sensor Platoon III, in Cölpin
      - Remote Radar Post 351 "Matchpoint", in Putgarten with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 352 "Mindreader", in Cölpin with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 353 "Teddy Bear", in Tempelhof with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 356 "", in Elmenhorst with RRP-117
    - Sensor Platoon IV, in Regen
      - Remote Radar Post 354 "Blackmoor", in Döbern with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 355 "Royal Flash", in Gleina with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 357 "", on Döbraberg with RRP-117
      - Remote Radar Post 358 "Snow Cap", on Großer Arber with RRP-117

Greece

1st Area Control Centre, inside Mount Chortiatis, with Marconi S-743D 2nd Area Control Centre, inside Mount Parnitha, with Marconi S-743D 9th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Pelion, with Marconi S-743D 10th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Chortiatis, with Marconi S-743D

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The Hellenic Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 7) at Larissa Air Base was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities transferred to the CAOC Torrejón in Spain. The Hellenic Air Force fields two HR-3000, four AR-327 and six Marconi S-743D radar systems, however as of 2018 the air force is in the process of replacing some of its older systems with three RAT-31DL radars.

Air Force Tactical Command, at Larissa Air Base^[12]
- Air Operations Centre, at Larissa Air Base^[13]^[14]
  - 1st Area Control Centre, inside Mount Chortiatis
  - 2nd Area Control Centre, inside Mount Parnitha
  - 1st Control and Warning Station Squadron, in Didymoteicho, with AR-327
  - 2nd Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Ismaros, with HR-3000
  - 3rd Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Vitsi, with Marconi S-743D
  - 4th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Elati, with RAT-31DL
  - 5th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in Kissamos, with Marconi S-743D
  - 6th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mykonos, with AR-327
  - 7th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Mela, with AR-327
  - 8th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Lemnos, with AR-327
  - 9th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Pelion, with Marconi S-743D
  - 10th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Chortiatis, with Marconi S-743D
  - 11th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in Ziros, with HR-3000

Hungary

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The Hungarian Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located in Veszprém and reports to CAOC Uedem. There are additional three radar companies with Soviet-era equipment subordinate to the 54th Radar Regiment "Veszprém", however it is unclear if they will remain in service once Hungary's newest radar at Medina reaches full operational capability.

Air Force Command, in Budapest
- Air Operations Centre, in Veszprém
- 54th Radar Regiment "Veszprém", in Veszprém
  - 1st Radar Data Centre, in Békéscsaba, with RAT-31DL
  - 2nd Radar Data Centre, in Medina, with RAT-31DL
  - 3rd Radar Data Centre, in Bánkút, with RAT-31DL

Iceland

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The Iceland Air Defense System, which is part of the Icelandic Coast Guard, monitors Iceland's airspace. Air Defense is provided by fighter jets from NATO allies, which rotate units for the Icelandic Air Policing mission to Keflavik Air Base. The Iceland Air Defense System's Control and Reporting Centre is at Keflavik Air Base and reports to CAOC Uedem in Germany.

Iceland Air Defense System, at Keflavik Air Base^[15]
- Control and Reporting Centre, at Keflavik Air Base
- H1 Radar Station, at Miðnesheiði, with AN/FPS-117(V)5
- H2 Radar Station, on Mount Gunnolfsvík, with AN/FPS-117(V)5
- H3 Radar Station, at Stokksnes, with AN/FPS-117(V)5
- H4 Radar Station, on Mount Bolafjalli, with AN/FPS-117(V)5

Italy

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The Italian Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 5) in Poggio Renatico was deactivated in 2013 and replaced with the Mobile Command and Control Regiment (RMCC) at Bari Air Base, while the Centre's responsibilities were transferred to the CAOC Torrejón in Spain.

Air Operations Command (COA), in Poggio Renatico
- Air Operations Centre, in Poggio Renatico
- Integrated Missile Air-defense Regiment (Rep. DAMI), in Poggio Renatico
  - 11th Integrated Missile Air-defense Squadron, in Poggio Renatico
  - 22nd Air Force Radar Squadron (GrRAM), in Licola, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - 112th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Mortara, with RAT-31DL
  - 113th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Lame di Concordia, with RAT-31DL
  - 114th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Potenza Picena, with RAT-31DL
  - 115th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Capo Mele, with RAT-31DL
  - 121st Remote Radar Station Flight, in Poggio Ballone, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - 123rd Remote Radar Station Flight, in Capo Frasca, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - 131st Remote Radar Station Flight, in Jacotenente, with RAT-31DL
  - 132nd Remote Radar Station Flight, in Capo Rizzuto, with RAT-31DL
  - 133rd Remote Radar Station Flight, in San Giovanni Teatino, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - 134th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Lampedusa, with RAT-31DL
  - 135th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Marsala, with RAT-31DL
  - 136th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Otranto, with RAT-31DL
  - 137th Remote Radar Station Flight, in Mezzogregorio, with RAT-31DL

Latvia

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The Latvian Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Lielvārde Air Base and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) in Karmėlava, Lithuania, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.^[16]

Air Force Headquarters, at Lielvārde Air Base
- Air Surveillance Squadron, at Lielvārde Air Base
  - Air Operations Centre, at Lielvārde Air Base
  - 1st Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, at Lielvārde Air Base, with AN/TPS-77(V)
  - 2nd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in Audriņi, with AN/TPS-77(V)
  - 3rd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in Čalas, with AN/TPS-77(V)
  - Mobile Radar Section, with TPS-77 MRR

Lithuania

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Lithuanian Air Force's Air Operations Control Centre is located in Karmėlava and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) co-located in Karmėlava, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.

Lithuanian Air Force Headquarters, in Kaunas
- Airspace Surveillance and Control Command, in Kaunas
  - Airspace Control Centre, in Karmėlava
  - 1st Radar Post, in Antaveršis
  - 3rd Radar Post, in Degučiai
  - 4th Radar Post, in Ceikiškės

Luxembourg

Luxembourg's airspace is monitored and guarded by the Belgian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre at Beauvechain Air Base.^[5]

Montenegro

The Armed Forces of Montenegro do not possess a modern air defense radar and the country's airspace is monitored by Italian Air Force radar sites. The Armed Forces Air Surveillance and Reporting Centre is located at Podgorica Airport in Golubovci and reports to CAOC Torrejón in Spain.

Netherlands

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The Royal Netherlands Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Nieuw-Milligen and reports to CAOC Uedem. The air force's main radars are being replaced with two modern SMART-L GB radars.

Air Force Command, in Breda
- Air Operations Control Station, in Nieuw-Milligen
  - Control and Reporting Centre, in Nieuw-Milligen
  - Radar Station South, in Nieuw-Milligen, with SMART-L GB
  - Radar Station North, at Wier, with SMART-L GB

Norway

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Royal Norwegian Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 3) in Reitan was deactivated in 2008 and its responsibilities were transferred to the Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup (CAOC F). After CAOC F was deactivated in 2013 the responsibility for the air defense of Norway was transferred to CAOC Uedem in Germany and the Royal Norwegian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre in Sørreisa reports to it. Until 2016 the Royal Norwegian Air Force's radar installations were distributed between two CRCs. That year the CRC Mågerø was disbanded. In its place a wartime mobilization back-up CRC has been formed with a reduction in personnel from the around active 170 duty to about 50 air force home guardsmen.^[17] The SINDRE I radars are a variant of the HR-3000 radar, which is also used in the German HADR radars. The newer RAT-31SL/N radars are sometimes designated SINDRE II.

Armed Forces Operational Headquarters, Reitan near Bodø Main Air Station
- 131 Air Wing, in Sorreisa^[18]
  - Control and Reporting Centre Sørreisa
    - Regional Maintenance Centre Sorreisa, in Sorreisa^[19]
      - Radar Station Njunis, with RAT-31SL/N (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4 before 2030)
      - Radar Station Senja, with RAT-31SL/N (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4 before 2030)
      - Radar Station Honningsvåg, with RAT-31SL/N (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4 before 2030)
      - Radar Station Vestvågøy, with SINDRE I (being replaced by AN/TPY-4)
      - Radar Station Grøhøgda, with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
    - Regional Maintenance Centre Værnes, at Værnes Air Station^[19]
      - Radar Station Hestgrovheia, with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
      - Radar Station Håmmålsfjellet, with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
      - Radar Station Øyenskavlen, with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
    - Regional Maintenance Centre Rygge, at Rygge Air Station^[19]^[20]
      - Radar Station Vågsøy, with AN/TPY-4
      - Radar Station Skykula, with SINDRE I (being replaced by AN/TPY-4)
      - Radar Station Sirikjerke, with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)

Poland

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The Polish Armed Forces Operational Command's Air Operations Centre is located in the Warsaw-Pyry neighborhood and reports to CAOC Uedem. The 3rd Wrocław Radiotechnical Brigade is responsible for the operation of the Armed Forces radar equipment. As of 2021, the Polish Air Force possesses three NUR-12M and three RAT-31DL long-range radars making up BACKBONE system, which are listed below.

Armed Forces Operational Command, in Warsaw^[21]^[22]
- Air Operations Centre - Air Component Command, in Warsaw-Pyry
  - Mobile Air Operations Command Unit, in Babki
  - 22nd Command and Control Centre, in Osówiec
  - 32nd Command and Control Centre, at Kraków-Balice Air Base
  - 1st Air Operations Coordination Centre, in Gdynia
  - 2nd Air Operations Coordination Centre, in Kraków
  - 4th Air Operations Coordination Centre, in Szczecin
  - 3rd Radiotechnical Brigade, in Wrocław (Air space surveillance)^[23]
    - 3rd Radiotechnical Battalion "Sandomierz", in Sandomierz
      - 110th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Łabunie, with RAT-31DL
      - 360th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Brzoskwinia, with NUR-12M
      - 2× Air base area control stations, with AVIA-W radars
      - 3× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
    - 8th Radiotechnical Battalion "Szczytno", in Lipowiec
      - 144th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Roskosz, with NUR-12M
      - 184th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Szypliszki, with RAT-31DL
      - 211th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Chruściel, with RAT-31DL
      - 5× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
    - 31st Radiotechnical Battalion "Dolnośląskie", in Wrocław
      - 170th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in Wronowice, with NUR-12M
      - 4× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
      - 3× Air base area control stations, with AVIA-W radars
    - 34th Radiotechnical Battalion "Chojnice", in Chojnice
      - 5× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
      - 2× Air base area control stations, with AVIA-W radars

Portugal

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Portuguese Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 10) in Lisbon was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Torrejón in Spain.

Air Command, in Lisbon
- Control and Reporting Centre, in Monsanto
- Radar Station 1, on Monte Fóia, with HR-3000
- Radar Station 2, on Monte Pilar in Paços de Ferreira, with HR-3000
- Radar Station 3, at Montejunto, with HR-3000
- Radar Station 4, on Pico do Arieiro, on the island of Madeira, with LANZA 3-D

Romania

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Romanian Air Force's Air Operations Centre is headquartered in Balotești and reports to CAOC Torrejón. Additionally, the WSR-98D radar stations in Bârnova, Medgidia, Bobohalma, Timișoara, and Oradea are officially designated and operated as a civilian radar stations by the National Meteorological Administration, however their data is fed into the military air surveillance system as well.

Air Component Command "General comandant aviator Ermil Gheorghiu", in Balotești^[24]
- Air Operations Centre, in Balotești^[2]
  - Radar Station, in Ovidiu, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - Radar Station, at Giarmata Airport, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - Radar Station, in Suceava, with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - Radar Station, in Craiova (Cârcea), with AN/FPS-117(V)
  - Radar Station, on Template:Ill, with AN/FPS-117(V)
76th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade "Dacia", in Moara Vlăsiei
- 1st Airspace Surveillance Group "General Neculai Iordache", at 86th Air Base, in Fetești
- 2nd Airspace Surveillance Group "General Pompiliu Ionescu", at 95th Air Base, in Bacău
- 3rd Airspace Surveillance Group "General Vasile Mihalache", at 71st Air Base, in Câmpia Turzii
- 4th Electronic Warfare Group "Locotenent-colonel Mihai Cană", in Domnești^[25]

Slovakia

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Slovak Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Zvolen and reports to CAOC Uedem.

Air Force Command, in Zvolen
- 2nd Air Force Brigade, in Zvolen
  - Air Operations Centre, in Zvolen
  - Radar Surveillance Battalion, in Zvolen (6× EL/M-2084M-MMR radars)^[26]
    - Command and Support Company, in Zvolen
    - 1st Radar Surveillance Company, in Michalovce
    - 2nd Radar Surveillance Company, in Veľká Ida
    - 3rd Radar Surveillance Company, in Ožďany
    - 4th Radar Surveillance Company, in Močiar
    - 5th Radar Surveillance Company, in Hlohovec
    - 6th Radar Surveillance Company, in Mierovo
    - 7th Radar Surveillance Company, in Prešov
    - 8th Radar Surveillance Company, in Voderady

Slovenia

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Slovenian Air Force and Air Defense's Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre is headquartered in Brnik and reports to CAOC Torrejón.

The Italian Air Force's 4th Wing at Grosseto Air Base and 36th Wing at Gioia del Colle Air Base rotate a QRA flight of Eurofighter Typhoons to Istrana Air Base, which are responsible for the air defense of Northern Italy and Slovenia.

Forces Command, in Vrhnika
- 15th Military Aviation Regiment, at Cerklje ob Krki Air Base
  - 16th Airspace Surveillance and Control Battalion in Brnik
    - Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre, in Brnik
    - 1st Radar Station, in Vrhnika, with GM 403
    - 2nd Radar Station, in Hočko Pohorje, with GM 403

Spain

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Spanish Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 8) at Torrejón Air Base was deactivated in 2013 and replaced at same location by CAOC Torrejon, which took over the functions of CAOC 5, CAOC 7, CAOC 8 and CAOC 10. CAOC Torrejón is responsible for the NATO airspace South of the Alps.

Combat Air Command, at Torrejón Air Base
- Combat Air Command Headquarter (CGMACOM), at Torrejón Air Base
  - Air Operations Centre / NATO CAOC Torrejón
- Command and Control Systems Headquarter (JSMC), at Torrejón Air Base
  - Central Command and Control Group (GRUCEMAC), at Torrejón Air Base
  - Northern Command and Control Group (GRUNOMAC), at Zaragoza Air Base
  - Mobile Air Control Group (GRUMOCA) at Tablada Air Base
  - 1st Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 1) radar station, at Air Station El Frasno, with LANZA 3-D
  - 2nd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 2) radar station, at Air Station Villatobas, with RAT-31SL/T
  - 3rd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 3) radar station, at Air Station Constantina, with LANZA 3-D
  - 4th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 4) radar station, at Air Station Roses, with LANZA 3-D
  - 5th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 5) radar station, at Air Station Aitana, with RAT-31SL/T
  - 7th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 7) radar station, at Air Station Puig Major, with LANZA 3-D
  - 9th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 9) radar station, at Air Station Motril, with RAT-31SL/T
  - 10th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 10) radar station, at Air Station Barbanza, with LANZA 3-D
  - 11th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 11) radar station, at Air Station Alcalá de los Gazules, with LANZA 3-D
  - 12th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 12) radar station, at Air Station Espinosa de los Monteros, with RAT-31SL/T
  - 13th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 13) radar station, at Air Station Sierra Espuña, with LANZA 3-D
  - 21st Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 21) radar station, at Vega de San Mateo on Gran Canaria, with LANZA 3-D
  - 22nd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 22) radar station, in Haría on Lanzarote, with RAT-31SL/T

Sweden

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Swedish Air Force's Air Operations Centre is located at Ärna Air Base, while the air force's control reporting centres are located in underground bunkers in Bålsta and Hästveda. Sweden operates fixed radar sites, which between 2025 and 2028 will be upgraded with AN/TPY-4 radars .

Combat Control and Air Surveillance Command, at Ärna Air Base in Uppsala
- Combat Control Centre Grizzly (StriC Grizzly), in Bålsta
- Combat Control Centre Cobra (StriC Cobra), in Hästveda

Turkey

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Turkish Air Force's Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 6) in Eskişehir was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Torrejón in Spain. Turkey's Air Force fields a mix of HR-3000, AN/FPS-117, AN/TPY-2, RAT-31SL, RAT-31DL and local-made Aselsan EIRS radars, however the exact number of each of these radar and their location in the Turkish radar system is unknown.

Air Force Command (COA), in
- Control and Reporting Centre, in Ahlatlıbel
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Ahlatlıbel
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Körfez
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Karabelen
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Çanakkale
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Erzurum
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Datça
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in İnebolu
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Kisecik Radar Station
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Kürecik Radar Station
  - Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Pazar

United Kingdom

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

The Royal Air Force's Air Surveillance and Control System is located at RAF Boulmer, and reports to CAOC Uedem. The RAF operates seven Remote Radar Heads (RRHs) across the UK, which feed back to the Control and Reporting Centre at RAF Boulmer. Under Project Guardian, all of the UK's radar stations and systems are being upgraded and strengthened. The UK is also unique in Europe in possessing a Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) which is based at RAF Fylingdales.

National Air and Space Operations Centre (NASOC), at RAF High Wycombe
- Control and Reporting Centre, at RAF Boulmer
  - RRH Benbecula, in North Uist, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Brizlee Wood, in Shipley, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Buchan, in Boddam, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Saxa Vord, in Unst, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Neatishead, in Neatishead, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Staxton Wold, in Scarborough, with Type 92 radar
  - RRH Portreath, in Portreath, with Type 101 radar
- Ballistic Missile Early Warning System, at RAF Fylingdales with AN/FPS-126

United States

The United States Air Force's control centres and radar stations are part of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).

Non-NATO European air defense systems

Austria

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

Austrian Air Force - GOLDHAUBE system:
- Command and Control Centre "Basisraum", in St Johann im Pongau
  - Kolomansberg Radar Station
  - Großer Speikkogel Radar Station
  - Steinmandl Radar Station

Switzerland

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

Swiss Air Force - FLORAKO system:
- Air Defence & Direction Centre, at Dübendorf Air Base
  - Pilatus Radar Station
  - Scopi Radar Station
  - Weisshorn Radar Station
  - Weissfluh Radar Station

References

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description | NATO Air defence radar network}}
+{{Short description|NATO Air defence radar network}}
-[[File:Patriot System 2.jpg | thumb | 300px | A Patriot system of the [[German Air Force]] in August 2005.]]
+[[File:Patriot System 2.jpg|thumb|300px|A Patriot system of the [[German Air Force]] in August 2005.]]
 The '''NATO Integrated Air Defense System''' (short: '''NATINADS''') is a [[command and control]] network combining radars and other facilities spread throughout the [[NATO]] alliance's [[air defence]] forces. It formed in the mid-1950s and became operational in 1962 as '''NADGE'''. It has been constantly upgraded since its formation, notably with the integration of [[Airborne Early Warning]] aircraft in the 1970s. The [[United Kingdom]] maintained its own network, but was fully integrated with the network since the introduction of the [[Linesman/Mediator]] network in the 1970s. Similarly, the German network maintained an independent nature through '''GEADGE'''.
 == Development ==
-Development was approved by the NATO Military Committee in December 1955. The system was to be based on four air defense regions (ADRs) coordinated by [[Supreme Allied Commander | SACEUR]] (Supreme Allied Commander Europe). Starting from 1956 early warning coverage was extended across [[Western Europe]] using 18 radar stations. This part of the system was completed by 1962. Linked to existing national radar sites, the coordinated system was called the '''NATO Air Defence Ground Environment''' ('''NADGE''').
+Development was approved by the NATO Military Committee in December 1955. The system was to be based on four air defense regions (ADRs) coordinated by [[Supreme Allied Commander|SACEUR]] (Supreme Allied Commander Europe). Starting from 1956 early warning coverage was extended across [[Western Europe]] using 18 radar stations. This part of the system was completed by 1962. Linked to existing national radar sites, the coordinated system was called the '''NATO Air Defence Ground Environment''' ('''NADGE''').
 From 1960 NATO countries agreed to place all their air defence forces under the command of SACEUR in the event of war. These forces included command & control (C2) systems, radar installations, and Surface-to-Air (SAM) missile units as well as interceptor aircraft.
-By 1972 NADGE was converted into NATINADS consisting of 84 radar sites and associated Control Reporting Centers (CRC) and in the 1980s the '''Airborne Early Warning / Ground Environment Integration Segment (AEGIS)''' upgraded the NATINADS with the possibility to integrate the AWACS radar picture and all of its information into its visual displays. (NOTE: This AEGIS is not to be confused with the U.S.Navy [[Aegis Combat System | AEGIS]], a shipboard fire control radar and weapons system.) AEGIS processed the information through Hughes H5118ME computers, which replaced the H3118M computers installed at NADGE sites in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
+By 1972 NADGE was converted into NATINADS consisting of 84 radar sites and associated Control Reporting Centres (CRC) and in the 1980s the '''Airborne Early Warning / Ground Environment Integration Segment (AEGIS)''' upgraded the NATINADS with the possibility to integrate the AWACS radar picture and all of its information into its visual displays. (NOTE: This AEGIS is not to be confused with the U.S.Navy [[Aegis Combat System|AEGIS]], a shipboard fire control radar and weapons system.) AEGIS processed the information through Hughes H5118ME computers, which replaced the H3118M computers installed at NADGE sites in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
-NATINADS ability to handle data increased with faster clock rates. The H5118M computer had a staggering 1 megabyte of memory and could handle 1.2 million instructions per second while the former model had a memory of only 256 kilobytes and a clock speed of 150,000 instructions per seconds.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://ed-thelen.org/aadcp.html | title = AADCP}}</ref>
+NATINADS ability to handle data increased with faster clock rates. The H5118M computer had a staggering 1 megabyte of memory and could handle 1.2 million instructions per second while the former model had a memory of only 256 kilobytes and a clock speed of 150,000 instructions per seconds.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ed-thelen.org/aadcp.html|title = AADCP}}</ref>
 NATINADS/AEGIS were complemented, in West Germany by the '''German Air Defence Ground Environment (GEADGE)''', an updated radar network adding the southern part of Germany to the European system and '''Coastal Radar Integration System (CRIS)''', adding data links from Danish coastal radars.
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 == Allied Air Command ==
-'''[[Allied Air Command]]''' (AIRCOM) is the [[Staff (military) | central command]] of all [[NATO]] [[air force]]s on the European continent. The command is based at [[Ramstein Air Base]] in [[Germany]] and has two subordinate commands in Germany and Spain. The [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] and United States Air Force fall under command of the [[Canada | Canadian]]/American [[North American Aerospace Defense Command]].
+'''[[Allied Air Command]]''' (AIRCOM) is the [[Staff (military)|central command]] of all [[NATO]] [[air force]]s on the European continent. The command is based at [[Ramstein Air Base]] in [[Germany]] and has two subordinate commands in Germany and Spain. The [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] and United States Air Force fall under command of the [[Canada|Canadian]]/American [[North American Aerospace Defense Command]].
 * '''[[Allied Air Command]]''', at [[Ramstein Air Base]], Germany
 ** '''CAOC Torrejón''', at [[Torrejón Air Base]], Spain - responsible for the airspace South of the [[Alps]]
-*** Albania: Air Surveillance Centre, at [[Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza | Tirana International Airport]]
+*** Albania: Air Surveillance Centre, at [[Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza|Tirana International Airport]]
 *** Bulgaria: Air Sovereignty Operations Centre, in [[Sofia]]
 *** Croatia: Airspace Surveillance Centre, in [[Podvornica]]
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 *** Italy: National Air and Space Operations Centre, in [[Poggio Renatico]]
 *** Montenegro: Air Surveillance and Reporting Centre, at [[Podgorica Airport]]
-*** Portugal: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Monsanto Forest Park | Monsanto]]
+*** Portugal: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Monsanto Forest Park|Monsanto]]
-*** Romania: Air Operations Centre, in [[Balotești]]<ref name="roAOC">{{cite web | url=https://www.roaf.ro/?p=3868 | title=Centrul de Operații Aeriene | language=ro | work=RoAF | access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref>
+*** Romania: Air Operations Centre, in [[Balotești]]<ref name="roAOC">{{cite web|url=https://www.roaf.ro/?p=3868|title=Centrul de Operații Aeriene|language=ro|work=RoAF|access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref>
-*** Slovenia: Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre, in [[Zgornji Brnik | Brnik]]
+*** Slovenia: Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre, in [[Zgornji Brnik|Brnik]]
 *** Spain: Air Operations Centre, in Torrejón
 **** Central Command and Control Group, at Torrejón Air Base
 **** Northern Command and Control Group, at [[Zaragoza Air Base]]
-*** Turkey: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Ankara | Ahlatlıbel]]
+*** Turkey: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Ankara|Ahlatlıbel]]
 ** '''CAOC Uedem''', in Uedem, Germany - responsible for the airspace North of the [[Alps]]
 *** [[Baltic Air Surveillance Network]] - Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre, in [[Karmėlava]]
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 *** Czech Republic: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Hlavenec]]
 *** Denmark: Control and Reporting Centre, at [[Karup Air Base]]
-*** France: Control and Reporting Centre, at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base | Mont Verdun Air Base]]
+*** France: Control and Reporting Centre, at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base|Mont Verdun Air Base]]
 *** Germany: Air Operations Centre, in Uedem
 **** Control and Reporting Centre 2, in [[Erndtebrück]]
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 *** Luxembourg: airspace controlled by Belgium's Control and Reporting Centre, at Beauvechain Air Base
 *** Netherlands: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Nieuw-Milligen]]
-*** Norway: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Sørreisa Municipality | Sørreisa]]
+*** Norway: Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Sørreisa Municipality|Sørreisa]]
-*** Poland: Air Operations Centre, in Warsaw-[[Pyry (neighborhood) | Pyry]]
+*** Poland: Air Operations Centre, in Warsaw-[[Pyry (neighborhood)|Pyry]]
-**** 22nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Gmina Sicienko | Osówiec]]
+**** 22nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Gmina Sicienko|Osówiec]]
-**** 32nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Balice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship | Balice]]
+**** 32nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Balice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship|Balice]]
 *** Slovakia: Air Operations Centre, at [[Sliač Air Base]]
 *** United Kingdom: Control and Reporting Centre, at [[RAF Boulmer]]
@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 == Radar stations ==
 === Albania ===
-{{Location map+ | Albania | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Albania|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Albania | background = white | label= <small>'''[[Rinas]]'''</small> | lat= 41.433333 | long= 19.716667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Albania|background = white|label= <small>'''[[Rinas]]'''</small>|lat= 41.433333|long= 19.716667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Albania | background = white | label= <small>Mida</small> | lat= 42.113334 | long= 19.976530 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Albania|background = white|label= <small>Mida</small>|lat= 42.113334|long= 19.976530|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Albanian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Orange pog.png | 8px]] Radar station with [[AN/TPS-77]]<br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Albanian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Orange pog.png|8px]] Radar station with [[AN/TPS-77]]<br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Albanian Air Force]]'s Air Surveillance Centre is based in [[Rinas]] and the Air Force operates a [[Lockheed Martin]] [[AN/TPS-77]] radar on top of Mida mountain near [[Pukë]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Mida Mountain Radar has been activated | url=https://www.mod.gov.al/eng/index.php/newsroom/1261-mida-mountain-radar-has-been-activated-xhacka-now-we-complete-view-of-the-albanian-territory | publisher=Government of Albania | access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref>
+The [[Albanian Air Force]]'s Air Surveillance Centre is based in [[Rinas]] and the Air Force operates a [[Lockheed Martin]] [[AN/TPS-77]] radar on top of Mida mountain near [[Pukë]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mida Mountain Radar has been activated|url=https://www.mod.gov.al/eng/index.php/newsroom/1261-mida-mountain-radar-has-been-activated-xhacka-now-we-complete-view-of-the-albanian-territory|publisher=Government of Albania|access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref>
 === Belgium ===
-The [[Belgian Air Component]]'s Control and Reporting Centre was based at [[Glons]], where also its main radar was located. The radar was deactivated in 2015<ref>{{cite web | title=Glons Verliest zijn Koepel, niet zijn Zicht | url=https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/glons-verliest-zijn-koepel-niet-zijn-zicht | publisher=Belgian Armed Forces | access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> and the Centre moved to Beauvechain Air Base in 2020.<ref name="Belgian Armed Forces">{{cite web | title=Nieuw Vluchtcontrolecentrum in Beauvechain | url=https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/nieuw-vluchtcontrolecentrum-bevekom | publisher=Belgian Armed Forces | access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> The Belgian Control and Reporting Centre reports to CAOC Uedem in Germany and is also responsible for guarding the airspace of [[Luxembourg]]. At the new location the Control and Reporting Centre uses digital radar data of the civilian radars of [[Belgocontrol]] and the [[Marconi Martello | Marconi S-723]] radar of the Air Component's Air Traffic Control Centre in [[Semmerzake]].
+The [[Belgian Air Force]]'s Control and Reporting Centre was based at [[Glons]], where also its main radar was located. The radar was deactivated in 2015<ref>{{cite web|title=Glons Verliest zijn Koepel, niet zijn Zicht|url=https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/glons-verliest-zijn-koepel-niet-zijn-zicht|publisher=Belgian Armed Forces|access-date=25 May 2018|archive-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126061005/https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/glons-verliest-zijn-koepel-niet-zijn-zicht|url-status=dead }}</ref> and the Centre moved to Beauvechain Air Base in 2020.<ref name="Belgian Armed Forces">{{cite web|title=Nieuw Vluchtcontrolecentrum in Beauvechain|url=https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/nieuw-vluchtcontrolecentrum-bevekom|publisher=Belgian Armed Forces|access-date=25 May 2018|archive-date=19 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119174414/https://www.mil.be/nl/artikel/nieuw-vluchtcontrolecentrum-bevekom|url-status=dead }}</ref> The Belgian Control and Reporting Centre reports to CAOC Uedem in Germany and is also responsible for guarding the airspace of [[Luxembourg]]. At the new location the Control and Reporting Centre uses digital radar data of the civilian radars of [[Belgocontrol]] and the [[Marconi Martello|Marconi S-723]] radar of the Air Force's Air Traffic Control Centre in [[Semmerzake]].
 === Bulgaria ===
-The [[Bulgarian Air Force]]'s Air Sovereignty Operations Centre is located in [[Sofia]] and reports to CAOC Torrejón. The Bulgarian Air Force fields three control and surveillance zones, which operate obsolete [[Soviet Union | Soviet]]-era radars. The Bulgarian Air Force intends to replace these radars with fewer, but more capable Western 3-D radars as soon as possible. The future locations of the new radars are as of 2018 unknown.
+The [[Bulgarian Air Force]]'s Air Sovereignty Operations Centre is located in [[Sofia]] and reports to CAOC Torrejón. The Bulgarian Air Force fields three control and surveillance zones, which operate obsolete [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-era radars. The Bulgarian Air Force intends to replace these radars with fewer, but more capable Western 3-D radars as soon as possible. The future locations of the new radars are as of 2018 unknown.
 * '''Joint Forces Command''', in [[Sofia]]
-** Air Sovereignty Operational Center (ASOC), in Sofia
+** Air Sovereignty Operational Centre (ASOC), in Sofia
-*** Base Operative Center (part of 3rd Air Base), [[Graf Ignatievo Air Base]], operational control of fighter aviation
+*** Base Operative Centre (part of 3rd Air Base), [[Graf Ignatievo Air Base]], operational control of fighter aviation
 *** Command, Control and Surveillance Base, in Sofia
 **** 1st Control and Surveillance Zone, in [[Bozhurishte]], [[Sofia Province]]
-**** 2nd Control and Surveillance Zone, in [[Trud, Bulgaria | Trud]], [[Plovdiv Province]]
+**** 2nd Control and Surveillance Zone, in [[Trud, Bulgaria|Trud]], [[Plovdiv Province]]
-**** 3rd Control and Surveillance Zone, in [[Bratovo, Burgas Province | Bratovo]], [[Burgas Province]]
+**** 3rd Control and Surveillance Zone, in [[Bratovo, Burgas Province|Bratovo]], [[Burgas Province]]
 === Canada ===
@@ Line 88: / Line 88: @@
 === Croatia ===
-{{Location map+ | Croatia | AlternativeMap=Croatia relief map.png | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Croatia|AlternativeMap=Croatia relief map.png|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Podvornica'''}}</small> | lat= 45.616667 | long= 16.066667 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Podvornica'''}}</small>|lat= 45.616667|long= 16.066667|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Medvednica | Mount Sljeme]]}}</small> | lat= 45.916667 | long= 15.966667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Medvednica|Mount Sljeme]]}}</small>|lat= 45.916667|long= 15.966667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Borinci]]}}</small> | lat= 45.316667 | long= 18.733333 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Borinci]]}}</small>|lat= 45.316667|long= 18.733333|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Papuk]]}}</small> | lat= 45.533333 | long= 17.65 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Papuk]]}}</small>|lat= 45.533333|long= 17.65|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Učka]]}}</small> | lat= 45.285 | long= 14.201944 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Učka]]}}</small>|lat= 45.285|long= 14.201944|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Croatia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pelješac | Mount Rota]]}}</small> | lat= 42.966667 | long= 17.366667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Croatia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pelješac|Mount Rota]]}}</small>|lat= 42.966667|long= 17.366667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Croatian Air Force and Air Defense radar stations<br/>[[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[AN/FPS-117 | AN/FPS-117(E)1T]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Croatian Air Force and Air Defense radar stations<br/>[[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[AN/FPS-117|AN/FPS-117(E)1T]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
 The [[Croatian Air Force and Air Defense]]'s Airspace Surveillance Centre is headquartered in Podvornica and reports to CAOC Torrejón.
-* '''Air Force and Air Defense Command'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.scramblemagazine.nl/orbats/croatia | title=Orbats - Scramble | website=Scramblemagazine.nl | access-date=2016-03-31 | archive-date=2013-11-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105111525/http://www.scramblemagazine.nl/orbats/croatia | url-status=dead }}</ref>
+* '''Air Force and Air Defense Command'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scramblemagazine.nl/orbats/croatia|title=Orbats - Scramble|website=Scramblemagazine.nl|access-date=2016-03-31|archive-date=2013-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105111525/http://www.scramblemagazine.nl/orbats/croatia|url-status=dead }}</ref>
-** Airspace Surveillance and Control Battalion, at [[91st Air Force Base]] ([[Zagreb]] - Pleso)<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.osrh.hr/#rubData/HTML/HR/O%20NAMA/HRZ/02_20180226_Bojna_zra%C4%8Dnog_motrenja_i_navo%C4%91enja/Bojna_zra%C4%8Dnog_motrenja_i_navo%C4%91enja_HR.htm | title=OSRH - Glavna | last=Krizmanić | first=Goran | website=www.osrh.hr | language=hr | access-date=2018-05-25}}</ref>
+** Airspace Surveillance and Control Battalion, at [[91st Air Force Base]] ([[Zagreb]] - Pleso)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.osrh.hr/#rubData/HTML/HR/O%20NAMA/HRZ/02_20180226_Bojna_zra%C4%8Dnog_motrenja_i_navo%C4%91enja/Bojna_zra%C4%8Dnog_motrenja_i_navo%C4%91enja_HR.htm|title=OSRH - Glavna|last=Krizmanić|first=Goran|website=www.osrh.hr|language=hr|access-date=2018-05-25}}</ref>
 *** Airspace Surveillance Centre, in Podvornica
-*** Sector Operational Centre, in [[Split, Croatia | Split]]
+*** Sector Operational Centre, in [[Split, Croatia|Split]]
-*** [[Medvednica | Mount Sljeme]] Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
+*** [[Medvednica|Mount Sljeme]] Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
 *** [[Borinci]] Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
 *** [[Papuk]] Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
 *** [[Učka]] Radar Post, with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
-*** [[Pelješac | Mount Rota]], with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
+*** [[Pelješac|Mount Rota]], with AN/FPS-117(E)1T
 === Czech Republic ===
-{{Location map+ | Czech Republic | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Czech Republic|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Hlavenec]]'''}}</small> | lat= 50.233333 | long= 14.7 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Hlavenec]]'''}}</small>|lat= 50.233333|long= 14.7|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Nepolisy]]}}</small> | lat= 50.182685 | long= 15.465868 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Nepolisy]]}}</small>|lat= 50.182685|long= 15.465868|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Sokolnice]]}}</small> | lat= 49.118982 | long= 16.762345 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Sokolnice]]}}</small>|lat= 49.118982|long= 16.762345|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Čeradice | Větrušice]]}}</small> | lat= 50.299722 | long= 13.473333 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Čeradice|Větrušice]]}}</small>|lat= 50.299722|long= 13.473333|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Planá (Tachov District) | Planá]]}}</small> | lat= 49.878814 | long= 12.773483 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Planá (Tachov District)|Planá]]}}</small>|lat= 49.878814|long= 12.773483|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Czech Republic | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pomezí]]}}</small> | lat= 49.728153 | long= 16.293737 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Czech Republic|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pomezí]]}}</small>|lat= 49.728153|long= 16.293737|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
- | caption=Czech Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Selex RAT-31DL | RAT-31DL]]<br/>[[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RL-5M<br/>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Czech Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31DL]]<br/>[[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RL-5M<br/>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
 The [[Czech Air Force]]'s Control and Reporting Centre is located in Hlavenec and reports to CAOC Uedem.
@@ Line 125: / Line 125: @@
 *** 261st [[Control and Reporting Centre]] (CRC), in [[Hlavenec]]
 *** 262nd Radio-technical Battalion, in Hlavenec
-**** 1st Radio-technical Company, in [[Nepolisy]], with [[Selex RAT-31DL | RAT-31DL]]
+**** 1st Radio-technical Company, in [[Nepolisy]], with [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31DL]]
 **** 2nd Radio-technical Company, in [[Pomezí]], with RL-5M
 **** 4th Radio-technical Company, in [[Sokolnice]], with RAT-31DL
-**** 6th Radio-technical Company, in [[Planá (Tachov District) | Planá]], with RL-5M
+**** 6th Radio-technical Company, in [[Planá (Tachov District)|Planá]], with RL-5M
 *** 263nd Support Battalion, in Hlavenec
-**** Reserve Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Čeradice | Větrušice]]
+**** Reserve Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Čeradice|Větrušice]]
 === Denmark ===
-{{Location map+ | Denmark | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Denmark|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Denmark | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Karup Air Base | Karup]]'''}}</small> | lat= 56.2975 | long= 9.124722 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Denmark|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Karup Air Base|Karup]]'''}}</small>|lat= 56.2975|long= 9.124722|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Denmark | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Skagen]]}}</small> | lat= 57.722222 | long= 10.587778 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Denmark|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Skagen]]}}</small>|lat= 57.722222|long= 10.587778|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Denmark | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Skrydstrup Air Base | Skrydstrup]]}}</small> | lat= 55.233333 | long= 9.266667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Denmark|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Skrydstrup Air Base|Skrydstrup]]}}</small>|lat= 55.233333|long= 9.266667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Denmark | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Almindingen | Bornholm]]}}</small> | lat= 55.124 | long= 14.925 | position=left | mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Denmark|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Almindingen|Bornholm]]}}</small>|lat= 55.124|long= 14.925|position=left|mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
- | caption=Royal Danish Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77 <br/> [[File:Brown 804000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Marconi Martello | Marconi S-723]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Royal Danish Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77 <br/> [[File:Brown 804000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[Marconi Martello|Marconi S-723]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[Royal Danish Air Force]]'s [[Combined Air Operations Centre]] (CAOC 1) in [[Finderup]] was deactivated in 2008 and replaced at the same location by the [[Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup]] (CAOC F), which had responsibility for the airspaces of [[Iceland]], [[Norway]], [[Denmark]] and the [[United Kingdom]]. CAOC F was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Uedem in Germany. The national Danish Control and Reporting Centre is located at [[Karup Air Base]] and it reports to CAOC Uedem.
@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 ** Air Control Wing, at Karup Air Base
 *** Control and Reporting Centre, at Karup Air Base
-*** Radar Station Skagen, in [[Skagen]], with RAT-31DL
 *** Radar Station Skrydstrup, at [[Skrydstrup Air Base]], with AN/TPS-77
-*** Radar Station [[Bornholm]], in [[Almindingen]], with [[Marconi Martello | Marconi S-723]]
+*** Radar Station Skagen, on [[Skagen]] island, with RAT-31DL (will be replaced by [[AN/TPY-4]])<ref name="Forsvarsministeriet">{{cite web |title=Lockheed Martin skal levere luftvarslingsradarer i Danmark og på Færøerne |url=https://www.fmn.dk/da/nyheder/2025/lockheed-martin-skal-levere-luftvarslingsradarer-i-danmark-og-pa-faroerne/ |publisher=Danish Ministry of Defense |access-date=12 December 2025 |language=Danish}}</ref>
+*** Radar Station Bornholm, in [[Almindingen]] on [[Bornholm]] island, with [[Marconi Martello|Marconi S-723]] (will be replaced by [[AN/TPY-4]])<ref name="Forsvarsministeriet"/>
+*** Radar Station [[Sornfelli]], on [[Streymoy]] island, (closed in 2010, will reopen and equipped with [[AN/TPY-4]])<ref name="Forsvarsministeriet"/>
 === Estonia ===
-{{Location map+ | Estonia | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Estonia|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Estonia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Ämari Air Base | Ämari]]'''}}</small> | lat= 59.262222 | long= 24.218611 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Estonia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Ämari Air Base|Ämari]]'''}}</small>|lat= 59.262222|long= 24.218611|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Estonia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Levalõpme]]}}</small> | lat= 58.616667 | long= 23.25 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Estonia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Levalõpme]]}}</small>|lat= 58.616667|long= 23.25|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Estonia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Otepää]]}}</small> | lat= 58.05 | long= 26.5 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Estonia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Otepää]]}}</small>|lat= 58.05|long= 26.5|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Estonia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kellavere]]}}</small> | lat= 59.078889 | long= 26.530556 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Estonia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kellavere]]}}</small>|lat= 59.078889|long= 26.530556|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Estonian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Ground Master 400 | GM 403]] <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Estonian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[Ground Master 400|GM 403]] <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[Estonian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Control Centre is located at [[Ämari Air Base]] and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) in [[Karmėlava]], Lithuania, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.
 * '''Air Force Command''', in [[Tallinn]]
-** [[Air Surveillance Wing (Estonia) | Air Surveillance Wing]], at [[Ämari Air Base]]
+** [[Air Surveillance Wing (Estonia)|Air Surveillance Wing]], at [[Ämari Air Base]]
 *** Air Operations Control Centre, at Ämari Air Base
 *** Engineering and Technical Group, at Ämari Air Base
-**** Radar Station, in [[Levalõpme]], with [[Ground Master 403 | GM 403]]
+**** Radar Station, in [[Levalõpme]], with [[Ground Master 403|GM 403]]
 **** Radar Station, in [[Otepää]], with GM 403
 **** Radar Station, in [[Kellavere]], with AN/TPS-77(V)
-**** Airport Surveillance Radar at [[Ämari Air Base]], with [[Airport Surveillance Radar | ASR-8]]
+**** Airport Surveillance Radar at [[Ämari Air Base]], with [[Airport Surveillance Radar|ASR-8]]
 === Finland ===
-The [[Finnish Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Jyväskylä Airport]], while the air force's control reporting centres are co-located with the [[Lapland Air Wing]] (5th Control and Reporting Centre) at [[Rovaniemi Airport]] and the [[Karelia Air Wing]] (7th Control and Reporting Centre) at [[Kuopio Airport]]. Finland operates five fixed radar sites with Thomson TRS 2215D (KAVA) radars and 13 mobile 13 GM 403 radars (KEVA 2010).<ref>{{cite web | title=Ilmavalvontatutkat ovat alueellisen koskemattomuuden valvonnan perustyökaluja | url=https://ilmavoimat.fi/ilmavalvontatutkat_vanha | publisher=Ilmavoimat | access-date=10 March 2025}}</ref>
+The [[Finnish Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Jyväskylä Airport]], while the air force's control reporting centres are co-located with the [[Lapland Air Wing]] (5th Control and Reporting Centre) at [[Rovaniemi Airport]] and the [[Karelia Air Wing]] (7th Control and Reporting Centre) at [[Kuopio Airport]]. Finland operates five fixed radar sites with Thomson TRS 2215D (KAVA) radars and 13 mobile 13 GM 403 radars (KEVA 2010).<ref>{{cite web|title=Ilmavalvontatutkat ovat alueellisen koskemattomuuden valvonnan perustyökaluja|url=https://ilmavoimat.fi/ilmavalvontatutkat_vanha|publisher=Ilmavoimat|access-date=10 March 2025}}</ref>
 * '''Air Operations Centre''', at [[Jyväskylä Airport]]
@@ Line 177: / Line 178: @@
 ** 7th Control and Reporting Centre, at [[Kuopio Airport]]
-{{Location map+ | Finland | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Finland|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Finland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Jyväskylä Airport | Jyväskylä]]'''}}</small> | lat= 62.400833 | long= 25.672778 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Finland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Jyväskylä Airport|Jyväskylä]]'''}}</small>|lat= 62.400833|long= 25.672778|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Finland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Rovaniemi Airport | Rovaniemi]]}}</small> | lat= 66.561667 | long= 25.830833 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Finland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Rovaniemi Airport|Rovaniemi]]}}</small>|lat= 66.561667|long= 25.830833|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Finland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kuopio Airport | Kuopio]]}}</small> | lat= 63.008611 | long= 27.794444 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Finland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kuopio Airport|Kuopio]]}}</small>|lat= 63.008611|long= 27.794444|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Finnish Air Force<br>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Finnish Air Force<br>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 === France ===
-{{Location map+ | France | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|France|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | France | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base | Mont Verdun]]'''}}</small> | lat= 45.85 | long= 4.783333 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|France|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base|Mont Verdun]]'''}}</small>|lat= 45.85|long= 4.783333|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | France | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mont-de-Marsan Air Base | Mont-de-Marsan]]}}</small> | lat= 43.911667 | long= -0.509167 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|France|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mont-de-Marsan Air Base|Mont-de-Marsan]]}}</small>|lat= 43.911667|long= -0.509167|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | France | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Cinq-Mars-la-Pile]]}}</small> | lat= 47.3483 | long= 0.4625 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|France|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Cinq-Mars-la-Pile]]}}</small>|lat= 47.3483|long= 0.4625|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | France | background = white | label= | lat= 45.85 | long= 4.97 | position=left | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|France|background = white|label=|lat= 45.85|long= 4.97|position=left|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | France | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mont Agel]]}}</small> | lat= 43.775278 | long= 7.426389 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|France|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mont Agel]]}}</small>|lat= 43.775278|long= 7.426389|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
- | caption=French Air and Space Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Purple pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with GM 406 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=French Air and Space Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Purple pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with GM 406 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[French Air and Space Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base | Mont Verdun Air Base]] and reports to CAOC Uedem. Most French radar sites use the PALMIER radar, which is being taken out of service. By 2022 all PALMIER radars were replaced with GM 403 radar.
+The [[French Air and Space Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base|Mont Verdun Air Base]] and reports to CAOC Uedem. Most French radar sites use the PALMIER radar, which is being taken out of service. By 2022 all PALMIER radars were replaced with GM 403 radar.
 * '''Air Defense and Air Operations Command'''
-** Air Operations Brigade, at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base | Mont Verdun Air Base]]
+** Air Operations Brigade, at [[Lyon – Mont Verdun Air Base|Mont Verdun Air Base]]
 *** Air Operations Centre, at Mont Verdun Air Base
 *** Control and Reporting Centre, at [[Mont-de-Marsan Air Base]]
@@ Line 202: / Line 203: @@
 *** Élément Air Rattaché (EAR) 943, on [[Mont Agel]], with GM 406
-Additionally the French Air and Space Force fields a GM 406 radar at the [[Cayenne – Félix Eboué Airport | Cayenne-Rochambeau Air Base]] in [[French Guiana]] to protect the [[Guiana Space Centre]] in [[Kourou]].
+Additionally the French Air and Space Force fields a GM 406 radar at the [[Cayenne – Félix Eboué Airport|Cayenne-Rochambeau Air Base]] in [[French Guiana]] to protect the [[Guiana Space Centre]] in [[Kourou]].
 === Germany ===
-{{Location map+ | Germany | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Germany|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Putgarten]]}}</small> | lat= 54.673333 | long= 13.4175 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Putgarten]]}}</small>|lat= 54.673333|long= 13.4175|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Cölpin]]}}</small> | lat=53.5 | long= 13.416667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Cölpin]]}}</small>|lat=53.5|long= 13.416667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Berlin Tempelhof Airport | Tempelhof]]}}</small> | lat= 52.473611 | long= 13.401667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Berlin Tempelhof Airport|Tempelhof]]}}</small>|lat= 52.473611|long= 13.401667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kalkhorst | Elmenhorst]]}}</small> | lat= 53.970278 | long= 11.045833 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kalkhorst|Elmenhorst]]}}</small>|lat= 53.970278|long= 11.045833|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Döbern]]}}</small> | lat= 51.616667 | long=14.6 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Döbern]]}}</small>|lat= 51.616667|long=14.6|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Gleina]]}}</small> | lat= 51.266667 | long= 11.733056 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Gleina]]}}</small>|lat= 51.266667|long= 11.733056|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Döbraberg]]}}</small> | lat= 50.266667 | long= 11.65 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Döbraberg]]}}</small>|lat= 50.266667|long= 11.65|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Großer Arber]]}}</small> | lat= 49.112222 | long=13.134444 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Großer Arber]]}}</small>|lat= 49.112222|long=13.134444|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= | lat=50.988889 | long=8.2 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label=|lat=50.988889|long=8.2|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Meßstetten]]}}</small> | lat= 48.180556 | long= 8.9625 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Meßstetten]]}}</small>|lat= 48.180556|long= 8.9625|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Freising]]}}</small> | lat= 48.402778 | long= 11.748889 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Freising]]}}</small>|lat= 48.402778|long= 11.748889|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lauda-Königshofen | Lauda]]}}</small> | lat= 49.568611 | long= 9.703889 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lauda-Königshofen|Lauda]]}}</small>|lat= 49.568611|long= 9.703889|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erbeskopf]]}}</small> | lat= 49.730444 | long=7.090639 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erbeskopf]]}}</small>|lat= 49.730444|long=7.090639|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brekendorf]]}}</small> | lat=54.416667 | long=9.633333 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brekendorf]]}}</small>|lat=54.416667|long=9.633333|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brockzetel]]}}</small> | lat=53.484444 | long=7.640833 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brockzetel]]}}</small>|lat=53.484444|long=7.640833|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Visselhövede]]}}</small> | lat=52.966667 | long=9.583333 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Visselhövede]]}}</small>|lat=52.966667|long=9.583333|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brakel, Germany | Auenhausen]]}}</small> | lat=51.716667 | long=9.183333 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brakel, Germany|Auenhausen]]}}</small>|lat=51.716667|long=9.183333|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Marienbaum]]}}</small> | lat=51.698056 | long=6.375556 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Marienbaum]]}}</small>|lat=51.698056|long=6.375556|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erndtebrück]]}}</small> | lat=50.988889 | long=8.3 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erndtebrück]]}}</small>|lat=50.988889|long=8.3|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Schönewalde]]}}</small> | lat=51.8125 | long=13.222778 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Schönewalde]]}}</small>|lat=51.8125|long=13.222778|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Germany | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Uedem]]'''}}</small> | lat= 51.6675 | long= 6.275 | position=bottom | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Germany|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Uedem]]'''}}</small>|lat= 51.6675|long= 6.275|position=bottom|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=German Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Hughes HR-3000 | HADR]] <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with GM 406F <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RRP-117 <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=German Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[Hughes HR-3000|HADR]] <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with GM 406F <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RRP-117 <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[German Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 2) in [[Uedem]] was deactivated in 2008 and reactivated as CAOC Uedem in 2013. CAOC Uedem is responsible for the NATO airspace North of the Alps. The HADR radars are a variant of the HR-3000 radar, while the RRP-117 radars are a variant of the AN/FPS-117.
 * '''Air Operations Centre''' (Zentrum Luftoperationen der Luftwaffe) (NATO CAOC Uedem), in [[Uedem]]
-** Control and Reporting Centre 2 (Einsatzführungsbereich 2), in [[Erndtebrück]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Einsatzführungsbereich 2 | url=http://www.luftwaffe.de/portal/a/luftwaffe/start/org/ruelog/efb2/!ut/p/z1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8zinSx8QnyMLI2MfMIsXQw8DX29TS0tnYyCQsz0wwkpiAJKG-AAjgb6wSmp-pFAM8xxmOFo4m2qH6wfpR-VlViWWKFXkF9UkpNaopeYDHKhfmRGYl5KTmpAfrIjRKAgN6LcoNxREQD7-Mlf/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/#Z7_B8LTL2922LV9D0I1MK599BA4K5 | publisher=German Air Force | access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>
+** Control and Reporting Centre 2 (Einsatzführungsbereich 2), in [[Erndtebrück]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Einsatzführungsbereich 2|url=http://www.luftwaffe.de/portal/a/luftwaffe/start/org/ruelog/efb2/!ut/p/z1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8zinSx8QnyMLI2MfMIsXQw8DX29TS0tnYyCQsz0wwkpiAJKG-AAjgb6wSmp-pFAM8xxmOFo4m2qH6wfpR-VlViWWKFXkF9UkpNaopeYDHKhfmRGYl5KTmpAfrIjRKAgN6LcoNxREQD7-Mlf/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/#Z7_B8LTL2922LV9D0I1MK599BA4K5|publisher=German Air Force|access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>
 *** Operations Squadron 21, in Erndtebrück
 *** Operations Support Squadron 22, in Erndtebrück
-**** Sensor Platoon I, in [[Lauda-Königshofen | Lauda]]
+**** Sensor Platoon I, in [[Lauda-Königshofen|Lauda]]
 ***** Remote Radar Post 240 "Loneship", in Erndtebrück with GM 406F
 ***** Remote Radar Post 246 "Hardwheel", on [[Erbeskopf]] with HADR
@@ Line 241: / Line 242: @@
 ***** Remote Radar Post 248 "Coldtrack", in [[Freising]] with GM 406F
 ***** Remote Radar Post 249 "Sweet Apple", in [[Meßstetten]] with HADR
-**** Sensor Platoon II, in [[Brakel, Germany | Auenhausen]]
+**** Sensor Platoon II, in [[Brakel, Germany|Auenhausen]]
 ***** Remote Radar Post 241 "Crabtree", in [[Marienbaum]] with HADR
-***** Remote Radar Post 242 "Backwash", in [[Brakel, Germany | Auenhausen]] with GM 406F
+***** Remote Radar Post 242 "Backwash", in [[Brakel, Germany|Auenhausen]] with GM 406F
 ***** Remote Radar Post 243 "Silver Cork", in [[Visselhövede]] with GM 406F
 ***** Remote Radar Post 244 "Round up", in [[Brockzetel]] with HADR
@@ Line 250: / Line 251: @@
 **** Education and Training Centre, in Erndtebrück
 **** Education, Test and Training Group, in Erndtebrück
-** Control and Reporting Centre 3 (Einsatzführungsbereich 3), in Schönewalde<ref>{{cite web | title=Einsatzführungsbereich 3 | url=http://www.luftwaffe.de/portal/a/luftwaffe/start/org/ruelog/efb3/!ut/p/z1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8zinSx8QnyMLI2MfMIsXQw8DX29TS0tnTwDvQ30wwkpiAJKG-AAjgb6wSmp-pFAM8xxmOHo62uiH6wfpR-VlViWWKFXkF9UkpNaopeYDHKhfmRGYl5KTmpAfrIjRKAgN6LcoNxREQCur3jo/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/#Z7_B8LTL2922LV9D0I1MK599BAMM4 | publisher=German Air Force | access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>
+** Control and Reporting Centre 3 (Einsatzführungsbereich 3), in Schönewalde<ref>{{cite web|title=Einsatzführungsbereich 3|url=http://www.luftwaffe.de/portal/a/luftwaffe/start/org/ruelog/efb3/!ut/p/z1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8zinSx8QnyMLI2MfMIsXQw8DX29TS0tnTwDvQ30wwkpiAJKG-AAjgb6wSmp-pFAM8xxmOHo62uiH6wfpR-VlViWWKFXkF9UkpNaopeYDHKhfmRGYl5KTmpAfrIjRKAgN6LcoNxREQCur3jo/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/#Z7_B8LTL2922LV9D0I1MK599BAMM4|publisher=German Air Force|access-date=21 May 2018}}</ref>
 *** Operations Squadron 31, in Schönewalde
 *** Operations Support Squadron 32, in Schönewalde
@@ Line 256: / Line 257: @@
 ***** Remote Radar Post 351 "Matchpoint", in [[Putgarten]] with RRP-117
 ***** Remote Radar Post 352 "Mindreader", in Cölpin with RRP-117
-***** Remote Radar Post 353 "Teddy Bear", in [[Berlin Tempelhof Airport | Tempelhof]] with RRP-117
+***** Remote Radar Post 353 "Teddy Bear", in [[Berlin Tempelhof Airport|Tempelhof]] with RRP-117
-***** Remote Radar Post 356 "", in [[Kalkhorst | Elmenhorst]] with RRP-117
+***** Remote Radar Post 356 "", in [[Kalkhorst|Elmenhorst]] with RRP-117
 **** Sensor Platoon IV, in [[Regen]]
 ***** Remote Radar Post 354 "Blackmoor", in [[Döbern]] with RRP-117
@@ Line 271: / Line 272: @@
 th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Chortiatis, with Marconi S-743D
-{{Location map+ | Greece | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Greece|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Didymoteicho]]}}</small> | lat=41.35 | long=26.5 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Didymoteicho]]}}</small>|lat=41.35|long=26.5|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Ismaros | Ismaros]]}}</small> | lat=40.9 | long=25.516667 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Ismaros|Ismaros]]}}</small>|lat=40.9|long=25.516667|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Vitsi | Vitsi]]}}</small> | lat=40.649167 | long=21.385556 | position=right | mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Vitsi|Vitsi]]}}</small>|lat=40.649167|long=21.385556|position=right|mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Elati (mountain) | Elati]]}}</small> | lat=38.65 | long=20.65 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Elati (mountain)|Elati]]}}</small>|lat=38.65|long=20.65|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kissamos]]}}</small> | lat=35.483333 | long=23.65 | position=left | mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kissamos]]}}</small>|lat=35.483333|long=23.65|position=left|mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mykonos]]}}</small> | lat=37.45 | long=25.35 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mykonos]]}}</small>|lat=37.45|long=25.35|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Mela | Mela]]}}</small> | lat=38.883333 | long=24.516667 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Mela|Mela]]}}</small>|lat=38.883333|long=24.516667|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lemnos]]}}</small> | lat=39.916667 | long=25.25 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lemnos]]}}</small>|lat=39.916667|long=25.25|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Pelion | Pelion]]}}</small> | lat=39.438611 | long=23.046389 | position=right | mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Pelion|Pelion]]}}</small>|lat=39.438611|long=23.046389|position=right|mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= | lat=40.615 | long=23.1 | position=left | mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label=|lat=40.615|long=23.1|position=left|mark=Brown 804000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ziros, Lasithi | Ziros]]}}</small> | lat=35.083333 | long=26.133333 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ziros, Lasithi|Ziros]]}}</small>|lat=35.083333|long=26.133333|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Larissa National Airport | Larissa]]'''}}</small> | lat=39.6491 | long=22.465453 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Larissa National Airport|Larissa]]'''}}</small>|lat=39.6491|long=22.465453|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Chortiatis | Chortiatis]]}}</small> | lat=40.583333 | long=23.2 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mount Chortiatis|Chortiatis]]}}</small>|lat=40.583333|long=23.2|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Greece | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Parnitha]]}}</small> | lat=38.1734 | long=23.7174 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Greece|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Parnitha]]}}</small>|lat=38.1734|long=23.7174|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Hellenic Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with HR-3000 <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[BAE Systems | AR-327]] <br/> [[File:Brown 804000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Marconi | Marconi S-743D]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Hellenic Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with HR-3000 <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[BAE Systems|AR-327]] <br/> [[File:Brown 804000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[Marconi|Marconi S-743D]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Hellenic Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre ([[Combined Air Operations Centre | CAOC]] 7) at [[Larissa Air Base]] was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities transferred to the CAOC [[Torrejón Air Base | Torrejón]] in Spain. The Hellenic Air Force fields two HR-3000, four AR-327 and six [[Marconi Martello#S743 and S753 | Marconi S-743D]] radar systems, however as of 2018 the air force is in the process of replacing some of its older systems with three [[Selex RAT-31DL | RAT-31DL]] radars.
+The [[Hellenic Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre ([[Combined Air Operations Centre|CAOC]] 7) at [[Larissa Air Base]] was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities transferred to the CAOC [[Torrejón Air Base|Torrejón]] in Spain. The Hellenic Air Force fields two HR-3000, four AR-327 and six [[Marconi Martello#S743 and S753|Marconi S-743D]] radar systems, however as of 2018 the air force is in the process of replacing some of its older systems with three [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31DL]] radars.
-* '''[[Hellenic Tactical Air Force Command | Air Force Tactical Command]]''', at [[Larissa Air Base]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Hellenic Air Force Tactical Command | url=https://www.haf.gr/structure/ata/ | publisher=Hellenic Air Force | access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>
+* '''[[Hellenic Tactical Air Force Command|Air Force Tactical Command]]''', at [[Larissa Air Base]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Hellenic Air Force Tactical Command|url=https://www.haf.gr/structure/ata/|publisher=Hellenic Air Force|access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>
-** Air Operations Centre, at Larissa Air Base<ref>{{cite web | url=http://koti.welho.com/msolanak/organogrengl.html | title=HAF organization | publisher=Koti.welho.com | access-date=July 29, 2009 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829211030/http://koti.welho.com/msolanak/organogrengl.html | archive-date=August 29, 2009 | df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.haf.gr/en/structure/units/ata/ | title=Hellenic Tactical Air Force | publisher=Haf.gr | access-date=July 29, 2009}}</ref>
+** Air Operations Centre, at Larissa Air Base<ref>{{cite web|url=http://koti.welho.com/msolanak/organogrengl.html|title=HAF organization|publisher=Koti.welho.com|access-date=July 29, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829211030/http://koti.welho.com/msolanak/organogrengl.html|archive-date=August 29, 2009|df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haf.gr/en/structure/units/ata/|title=Hellenic Tactical Air Force|publisher=Haf.gr|access-date=July 29, 2009}}</ref>
 *** 1st Area Control Centre, inside [[Mount Chortiatis]]
 *** 2nd Area Control Centre, inside [[Mount Parnitha]]
 *** 1st Control and Warning Station Squadron, in [[Didymoteicho]], with AR-327
 *** 2nd Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Ismaros]], with HR-3000
-*** 3rd Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Vitsi]], with [[Marconi | Marconi S-743D]]
+*** 3rd Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Vitsi]], with [[Marconi Martello|Marconi S-743D]]
-*** 4th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Elati (mountain) | Mount Elati]], with RAT-31DL
+*** 4th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Elati (mountain)|Mount Elati]], with RAT-31DL
-*** 5th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in [[Kissamos]], with [[Marconi | Marconi S-743D]]
+*** 5th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in [[Kissamos]], with Marconi S-743D
 *** 6th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mykonos]], with AR-327
 *** 7th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Mela]], with AR-327
 *** 8th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Lemnos]], with AR-327
-*** 9th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Pelion]], with [[Marconi | Marconi S-743D]]
+*** 9th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on [[Mount Pelion]], with Marconi S-743D
-*** 10th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Chortiatis, with [[Marconi | Marconi S-743D]]
+*** 10th Control and Warning Station Squadron, on Mount Chortiatis, with Marconi S-743D
-*** 11th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in [[Ziros, Lasithi | Ziros]], with HR-3000
+*** 11th Control and Warning Station Squadron, in [[Ziros, Lasithi|Ziros]], with HR-3000
 === Hungary ===
-{{Location map+ | Hungary | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Hungary|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Hungary | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Veszprém]]'''}}</small> | lat= 47.09296 | long= 17.91377 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Hungary|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Veszprém]]'''}}</small>|lat= 47.09296|long= 17.91377|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Hungary | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Békéscsaba]]}}</small> | lat= 46.679 | long= 20.4889 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Hungary|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Békéscsaba]]}}</small>|lat= 46.679|long= 20.4889|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Hungary | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bánkút (Nagyvisnyó) | Bánkút]]}}</small> | lat= 48.0989 | long= 21.091 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Hungary|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bánkút (Nagyvisnyó)|Bánkút]]}}</small>|lat= 48.0989|long= 21.091|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Hungary | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Medina, Hungary | Medina]]}}</small> | lat= 46.47363 | long= 18.64154 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Hungary|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Medina, Hungary|Medina]]}}</small>|lat= 46.47363|long= 18.64154|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
- | caption=Hungarian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Hungarian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Hungarian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located in Veszprém and reports to CAOC Uedem. There are additional three radar companies with Soviet-era equipment subordinate to the 54th Radar Regiment ''"Veszprém"'', however it is unclear if they will remain in service once Hungary's newest radar at [[Medina, Hungary | Medina]] reaches full operational capability.
+The [[Hungarian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located in Veszprém and reports to CAOC Uedem. There are additional three radar companies with Soviet-era equipment subordinate to the 54th Radar Regiment ''"Veszprém"'', however it is unclear if they will remain in service once Hungary's newest radar at [[Medina, Hungary|Medina]] reaches full operational capability.
 * '''Air Force Command''', in [[Budapest]]
@@ Line 320: / Line 321: @@
 ** 54th Radar Regiment ''"Veszprém"'', in Veszprém
 *** 1st Radar Data Centre, in [[Békéscsaba]], with RAT-31DL
-*** 2nd Radar Data Centre, in [[Medina, Hungary | Medina]], with RAT-31DL
+*** 2nd Radar Data Centre, in [[Medina, Hungary|Medina]], with RAT-31DL
-*** 3rd Radar Data Centre, in [[Bánkút (Nagyvisnyó) | Bánkút]], with RAT-31DL
+*** 3rd Radar Data Centre, in [[Bánkút (Nagyvisnyó)|Bánkút]], with RAT-31DL
 === Iceland ===
-{{Location map+ | Iceland | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Iceland|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Iceland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Naval Air Station Keflavik | Keflavik]]'''}}</small> | lat= 63.985 | long= -22.605556 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Iceland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Naval Air Station Keflavik|Keflavik]]'''}}</small>|lat= 63.985|long= -22.605556|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Iceland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Naval Air Station Keflavik | Miðnesheiði]]}}</small> | lat= 63.985 | long= -22.45 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Iceland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Naval Air Station Keflavik|Miðnesheiði]]}}</small>|lat= 63.985|long= -22.45|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Iceland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Langanes | Gunnolfsvík]]}}</small> | lat= 66.138056 | long= -15.105 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Iceland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Langanes|Gunnolfsvík]]}}</small>|lat= 66.138056|long= -15.105|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Iceland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Stokksnes]]}}</small> | lat= 64.243 | long= -14.96 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Iceland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Stokksnes]]}}</small>|lat= 64.243|long= -14.96|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Iceland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bolungarvík | Bolafjalli]]}}</small> | lat= 66.15 | long= -23.25 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Iceland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bolungarvík|Bolafjalli]]}}</small>|lat= 66.15|long= -23.25|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Iceland Air Defense System radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V)5 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Iceland Air Defense System radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V)5 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
-The [[Iceland Air Defence System | Iceland Air Defense System]], which is part of the [[Icelandic Coast Guard]], monitors Iceland's airspace. Air Defense is provided by fighter jets from NATO allies, which rotate units for the [[Icelandic Air Policing]] mission to Keflavik Air Base.
+The [[Iceland Air Defence System|Iceland Air Defense System]], which is part of the [[Icelandic Coast Guard]], monitors Iceland's airspace. Air Defense is provided by fighter jets from NATO allies, which rotate units for the [[Icelandic Air Policing]] mission to Keflavik Air Base.
 The Iceland Air Defense System's Control and Reporting Centre is at Keflavik Air Base and reports to CAOC Uedem in Germany.
-* '''[[Iceland Air Defence System | Iceland Air Defense System]]''', at Keflavik Air Base<ref>{{cite web | title=Iceland Air Defense System | url=http://www.lhg.is/varnarmal/loftrymisleit-og-islenska-loftvarnarkerfid | publisher=Icelandic Coast Guard | access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>
+* '''[[Iceland Air Defence System|Iceland Air Defense System]]''', at Keflavik Air Base<ref>{{cite web|title=Iceland Air Defense System|url=http://www.lhg.is/varnarmal/loftrymisleit-og-islenska-loftvarnarkerfid|publisher=Icelandic Coast Guard|access-date=25 May 2018|archive-date=19 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619171845/http://www.lhg.is/varnarmal/loftrymisleit-og-islenska-loftvarnarkerfid|url-status=dead }}</ref>
 ** Control and Reporting Centre, at Keflavik Air Base
 ** H1 Radar Station, at Miðnesheiði, with AN/FPS-117(V)5
-** H2 Radar Station, on [[Langanes | Mount Gunnolfsvík]], with AN/FPS-117(V)5
+** H2 Radar Station, on [[Langanes|Mount Gunnolfsvík]], with AN/FPS-117(V)5
 ** H3 Radar Station, at [[Stokksnes]], with AN/FPS-117(V)5
-** H4 Radar Station, on [[Bolungarvík | Mount Bolafjalli]], with AN/FPS-117(V)5
+** H4 Radar Station, on [[Bolungarvík|Mount Bolafjalli]], with AN/FPS-117(V)5
 === Italy ===
-{{Location map+ | Italy | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Italy|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Poggio Renatico'''}}</small> | lat=44.792876 | long=11.494167 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Poggio Renatico'''}}</small>|lat=44.792876|long=11.494167|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Poggio Ballone]]}}</small> | lat=42.829167 | long=10.881111 | position=left | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Poggio Ballone]]}}</small>|lat=42.829167|long=10.881111|position=left|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Licola (Pozzuoli) | Licola]]}}</small> | lat=40.892222 | long=14.1 | position=bottomleft | mark=Greenandorange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Licola (Pozzuoli)|Licola]]}}</small>|lat=40.892222|long=14.1|position=bottomleft|mark=Greenandorange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mortara, Lombardy | Mortara]]}}</small> | lat=45.231389 | long=8.803889 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mortara, Lombardy|Mortara]]}}</small>|lat=45.231389|long=8.803889|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lame di Concordia | L. d. Concordia]]}}</small> | lat=45.745 | long=12.876667 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lame di Concordia|L. d. Concordia]]}}</small>|lat=45.745|long=12.876667|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Potenza Picena | P. Picena]]}}</small> | lat=43.366667 | long=13.673333 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Potenza Picena|P. Picena]]}}</small>|lat=43.366667|long=13.673333|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Capo Mele]]}}</small> | lat=43.957778 | long=8.169722 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Capo Mele]]}}</small>|lat=43.957778|long=8.169722|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Capo Frasca]]}}</small> | lat=39.7344 | long=8.479993 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Capo Frasca]]}}</small>|lat=39.7344|long=8.479993|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Jacotenente]]}}</small> | lat=41.791017 | long=16.049888 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Jacotenente]]}}</small>|lat=41.791017|long=16.049888|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Isola di Capo Rizzuto | Capo Rizzuto]]}}</small> | lat=38.988277 | long=17.079223 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Isola di Capo Rizzuto|Capo Rizzuto]]}}</small>|lat=38.988277|long=17.079223|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[San Giovanni Teatino | S. G. Teatino]]}}</small> | lat=42.41952 | long=14.21236 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[San Giovanni Teatino|S. G. Teatino]]}}</small>|lat=42.41952|long=14.21236|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lampedusa]]}}</small> | lat=35.5 | long=12.617031 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lampedusa]]}}</small>|lat=35.5|long=12.617031|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Marsala]]}}</small> | lat=37.82875 | long=12.53667 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Marsala]]}}</small>|lat=37.82875|long=12.53667|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Otranto]]}}</small> | lat=40.14569 | long=18.49719 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Otranto]]}}</small>|lat=40.14569|long=18.49719|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Italy | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mezzogregorio]]}}</small> | lat=36.96647 | long=14.9576 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Italy|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mezzogregorio]]}}</small>|lat=36.96647|long=14.9576|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
- | caption=Italian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/>[[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Italian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/>[[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Italian Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 5) in Poggio Renatico was deactivated in 2013 and replaced with the Mobile Command and Control Regiment (RMCC) at [[Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport | Bari Air Base]], while the Centre's responsibilities were transferred to the CAOC Torrejón in Spain.
+The [[Italian Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 5) in Poggio Renatico was deactivated in 2013 and replaced with the Mobile Command and Control Regiment (RMCC) at [[Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport|Bari Air Base]], while the Centre's responsibilities were transferred to the CAOC Torrejón in Spain.
 * '''Air Operations Command''' (COA), in Poggio Renatico
@@ Line 367: / Line 368: @@
 ** Integrated Missile Air-defense Regiment (Rep. DAMI), in Poggio Renatico
 *** 11th Integrated Missile Air-defense Squadron, in Poggio Renatico
-*** 22nd Air Force Radar Squadron (GrRAM), in [[Licola (Pozzuoli) | Licola]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
+*** 22nd Air Force Radar Squadron (GrRAM), in [[Licola (Pozzuoli)|Licola]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
-*** 112th Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Mortara, Lombardy | Mortara]], with RAT-31DL
+*** 112th Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Mortara, Lombardy|Mortara]], with RAT-31DL
 *** 113th Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Lame di Concordia]], with RAT-31DL
 *** 114th Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Potenza Picena]], with RAT-31DL
@@ Line 375: / Line 376: @@
 *** 123rd Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Capo Frasca]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
 *** 131st Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Jacotenente]], with RAT-31DL
-*** 132nd Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Isola di Capo Rizzuto | Capo Rizzuto]], with RAT-31DL
+*** 132nd Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Isola di Capo Rizzuto|Capo Rizzuto]], with RAT-31DL
 *** 133rd Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[San Giovanni Teatino]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
 *** 134th Remote Radar Station Flight, in [[Lampedusa]], with RAT-31DL
@@ Line 383: / Line 384: @@
 === Latvia ===
-{{Location map+ | Latvia | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Latvia|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Latvia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Lielvārde'''}}</small> | lat= 56.778333 | long= 24.853333 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Latvia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Lielvārde'''}}</small>|lat= 56.778333|long= 24.853333|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Latvia | background = white | label= | lat= 56.778333 | long= 24.74 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Latvia|background = white|label=|lat= 56.778333|long= 24.74|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Latvia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Audriņi]]}}</small> | lat= 56.583333 | long= 27.233333 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Latvia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Audriņi]]}}</small>|lat= 56.583333|long= 27.233333|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Latvia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ventspils | Čalas]]}}</small> | lat= 57.357778 | long= 21.544167 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Latvia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ventspils|Čalas]]}}</small>|lat= 57.357778|long= 21.544167|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Latvian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Latvian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
-The [[Latvian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at Lielvārde Air Base and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) in Karmėlava, Lithuania, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.<ref>{{cite web | title=Latvia receives its first TPS-77 MRR air surveillance radar | url=http://www.mod.gov.lv/en/Aktualitates/Preses_pazinojumi/2018/03/08-02.aspx | publisher=Latvian Ministry of Defense | access-date=25 May 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525204914/http://www.mod.gov.lv/en/Aktualitates/Preses_pazinojumi/2018/03/08-02.aspx | archive-date=25 May 2018 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
+The [[Latvian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at Lielvārde Air Base and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) in Karmėlava, Lithuania, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.<ref>{{cite web|title=Latvia receives its first TPS-77 MRR air surveillance radar|url=http://www.mod.gov.lv/en/Aktualitates/Preses_pazinojumi/2018/03/08-02.aspx|publisher=Latvian Ministry of Defense|access-date=25 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525204914/http://www.mod.gov.lv/en/Aktualitates/Preses_pazinojumi/2018/03/08-02.aspx|archive-date=25 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 * '''Air Force Headquarters''', at Lielvārde Air Base
@@ Line 397: / Line 398: @@
 *** 1st Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, at Lielvārde Air Base, with AN/TPS-77(V)
 *** 2nd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in [[Audriņi]], with AN/TPS-77(V)
-*** 3rd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in [[Ventspils | Čalas]], with AN/TPS-77(V)
+*** 3rd Radiotechnical (Radar) Post, in [[Ventspils|Čalas]], with AN/TPS-77(V)
 *** Mobile Radar Section, with TPS-77 MRR
 === Lithuania ===
-{{Location map+ | Lithuania | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Lithuania|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Lithuania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Karmėlava'''}}</small> | lat= 54.972222 | long= 24.066667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Lithuania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Karmėlava'''}}</small>|lat= 54.972222|long= 24.066667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Lithuania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Prienai | Antaveršis]]}}</small> | lat= 54.633333 | long= 23.941667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Lithuania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Prienai|Antaveršis]]}}</small>|lat= 54.633333|long= 23.941667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Lithuania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Šilutė | Degučiai]]}}</small> | lat= 55.35 | long= 21.483333 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Lithuania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Šilutė|Degučiai]]}}</small>|lat= 55.35|long= 21.483333|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Lithuania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ignalina | Ceikiškės]]}}</small> | lat= 55.35 | long= 26.166667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Lithuania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ignalina|Ceikiškės]]}}</small>|lat= 55.35|long= 26.166667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
- | caption=Lithuanian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Lithuanian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/TPS-77(V) <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[Lithuanian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Control Centre is located in Karmėlava and reports to the Baltic Air Surveillance Network's Regional Airspace Surveillance Coordination Centre (RASCC) co-located in Karmėlava, which in turn reports to CAOC Uedem.
 * '''Lithuanian Air Force Headquarters''', in [[Kaunas]]
-** [[Airspace Surveillance and Control Command (Lithuania) | Airspace Surveillance and Control Command]], in Kaunas
+** [[Airspace Surveillance and Control Command (Lithuania)|Airspace Surveillance and Control Command]], in Kaunas
 *** Airspace Control Centre, in [[Karmėlava]]
-*** 1st Radar Post, in [[Prienai | Antaveršis]]
+*** 1st Radar Post, in [[Prienai|Antaveršis]]
-*** 3rd Radar Post, in [[Šilutė | Degučiai]]
+*** 3rd Radar Post, in [[Šilutė|Degučiai]]
-*** 4th Radar Post, in [[Ignalina | Ceikiškės]]
+*** 4th Radar Post, in [[Ignalina|Ceikiškės]]
 === Luxembourg ===
-Luxembourg's airspace is monitored and guarded by the Belgian Air Component's Control and Reporting Centre at Beauvechain Air Base.<ref name="Belgian Armed Forces"/>
+Luxembourg's airspace is monitored and guarded by the Belgian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre at Beauvechain Air Base.<ref name="Belgian Armed Forces"/>
 === Montenegro ===
@@ Line 424: / Line 425: @@
 === Netherlands ===
-{{Location map+ | Netherlands | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Netherlands|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Netherlands | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Nieuw-Milligen'''}}</small> | lat= 52.216667 | long= 5.783333 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Netherlands|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Nieuw-Milligen'''}}</small>|lat= 52.216667|long= 5.783333|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Netherlands | background = white | label= | lat= 52.216667 | long= 5.73 | position=right | mark=Pink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Netherlands|background = white|label=|lat= 52.216667|long= 5.73|position=right|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Netherlands | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wier, Friesland | Wier]]}}</small> | lat= 53.251944 | long= 5.624167 | position=right | mark=Pink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Netherlands|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wier, Friesland|Wier]]}}</small>|lat= 53.251944|long= 5.624167|position=right|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
- | caption=Royal Netherlands Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Pink pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[SMART-L | SMART-L GB]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Royal Netherlands Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Pink pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[SMART-L|SMART-L GB]] <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
-The [[Royal Netherlands Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at Nieuw-Milligen and reports to CAOC Uedem. The air force's main radars are being replaced with two modern [[SMART-L | SMART-L GB]] radars.
+The [[Royal Netherlands Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at Nieuw-Milligen and reports to CAOC Uedem. The air force's main radars are being replaced with two modern [[SMART-L|SMART-L GB]] radars.
 * '''Air Force Command''', in [[Breda]]
 ** Air Operations Control Station, in Nieuw-Milligen
 *** Control and Reporting Centre, in Nieuw-Milligen
-*** Radar Station South, in Nieuw-Milligen, with [[SMART-L | SMART-L GB]]
+*** Radar Station South, in Nieuw-Milligen, with [[SMART-L|SMART-L GB]]
-*** Radar Station North, at [[Wier, Friesland | Wier]], with SMART-L GB
+*** Radar Station North, at [[Wier, Friesland|Wier]], with SMART-L GB
 === Norway ===
-{{Location map+ | Norway | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Norway|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Sørreisa Municipality | Sørreisa]]'''}}</small> | lat= 69.072 | long= 17.965 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Sørreisa Municipality|Sørreisa]]'''}}</small>|lat= 69.072|long= 17.965|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Njunis]]}}</small> | lat= 68.75 | long= 19.5 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Njunis]]</small>|lat= 68.75 |long= 19.5 |position=right |mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Senja (island) | Senja]]}}</small> | lat= 69.333333 | long= 17.5 | position=top | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Senja (island)|Senja]]</small>|lat= 69.333333 |long= 17.5 |position=top |mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Honningsvåg]]}}</small> | lat= 70.975833 | long= 25.983056 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Honningsvåg]]</small>|lat= 70.975833 |long= 25.983056 |position=left |mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Vestvågøy Municipality | Vestvågøy]]}}</small> | lat= 68.221389 | long= 13.784444 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Vestvågøy Municipality|Vestvågøy]]</small>|lat= 68.221389 |long= 13.784444 |position=left |mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Vågsøy (island) | Vågsøy]]}}</small> | lat= 61.921111 | long= 5.193611 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Vardø Municipality|Grøhøgda]]</small>|lat= 70.35931 |long= 30.86723 |position=left |mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
-{{Location map~ | Norway | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Eigersund Municipality | Skykula]]}}</small> | lat= 58.478333 | long= 6.063056 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Orkland Municipality|Hestgrovheia]]</small>|lat= 63.51882 |long= 9.68016 |position=left|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
- | caption=Royal Norwegian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Yellow pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[Selex RAT-31SL | RAT-31SL/N]] <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with SINDRE I <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Håmmålsfjellet]]</small>|lat= 62.42991 |long= 11.27461 |position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Namsos Municipality|Øyenskavlen]]</small>|lat= 64.28034 |long= 11.08123 |position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Vågsøy (island)|Vågsøy]]</small>|lat= 61.921111 |long= 5.193611 |position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Eigersund Municipality|Skykula]]</small>|lat= 58.478333 |long= 6.063056 |position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
+{{Location map~|Norway|background = white |label=<small>[[Øvre Eiker|Sirikjerke]]</small>|lat= 59.69225 |long= 9.9535 |position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg| marksize = 8}}
+| caption=Royal Norwegian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station<br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
-The [[Royal Norwegian Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 3) in [[Reitan, Norway | Reitan]] was deactivated in 2008 and its responsibilities were transferred to the Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup (CAOC F). After CAOC F was deactivated in 2013 the responsibility for the air defense of Norway was transferred to CAOC Uedem in Germany and the Royal Norwegian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre in Sørreisa reports to it. Until 2016 the Royal Norwegian Air Force's radar installations were distributed between two CRCs. That year the CRC Mågerø was disbanded. In its place a wartime mobilization back-up CRC has been formed with a reduction in personnel from the around active 170 duty to about 50 [[Norwegian Home Guard | air force home guardsmen]].<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://forsvaret.no/aktuelt/maageroe-takker-for-seg | title=Siste oppstilling på Mågerø | last=Forsvaret | access-date=2018-05-26 | language=nb-NO}}</ref> The SINDRE I radars are a variant of the HR-3000 radar, which is also used in the German HADR radars. The newer [[Selex RAT-31SL | RAT-31SL/N]] radars are sometimes designated SINDRE II.
+The [[Royal Norwegian Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 3) in [[Reitan, Norway|Reitan]] was deactivated in 2008 and its responsibilities were transferred to the Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup (CAOC F). After CAOC F was deactivated in 2013 the responsibility for the air defense of Norway was transferred to CAOC Uedem in Germany and the Royal Norwegian Air Force's Control and Reporting Centre in Sørreisa reports to it. Until 2016 the Royal Norwegian Air Force's radar installations were distributed between two CRCs. That year the CRC Mågerø was disbanded. In its place a wartime mobilization back-up CRC has been formed with a reduction in personnel from the around active 170 duty to about 50 [[Norwegian Home Guard|air force home guardsmen]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://forsvaret.no/aktuelt/maageroe-takker-for-seg|title=Siste oppstilling på Mågerø|last=Forsvaret|access-date=2018-05-26|language=nb-NO}}</ref> The SINDRE I radars are a variant of the HR-3000 radar, which is also used in the German HADR radars. The newer [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31SL/N]] radars are sometimes designated SINDRE II.
-* [[Norwegian Joint Headquarters | Armed Forces Operational Headquarters]], [[Løding | Reitan]] near [[Bodø Main Air Station]]
+* [[Norwegian Joint Headquarters|Armed Forces Operational Headquarters]], [[Løding|Reitan]] near [[Bodø Main Air Station]]
-** 131 Air Wing, in [[Sørreisa Municipality]]
+** 131 Air Wing, in [[Sørreisa Municipality|Sorreisa]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mil.no/luft/start/omlf/stasjoner/sorreisa/ |title=Front page |publisher=Mil.no |access-date=2013-11-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208194316/http://www.mil.no/luft/start/omlf/stasjoner/sorreisa/ |archive-date=2010-12-08 }}</ref>
 *** Control and Reporting Centre Sørreisa
-**** Radar Station [[Njunis]], with RAT-31SL/N
+**** Regional Maintenance Centre Sorreisa, in [[Sørreisa Municipality|Sorreisa]]<ref name="Dalløkken">{{cite web |last1=Dalløkken |first1=Per |title=NATO får skjerpet blikk i nord: Den nye radarkjeden tar form |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/aktuelt-og-presse/aktuelt/nato-far-skjerpet-blikk-i-nord-den-nye-radarkjeden-tar-form?q=TPY-4 |publisher=Norwegian Armed Forces |access-date=12 December 2025 |language=Norwegian}}</ref>
-**** Radar Station [[Senja (island) | Senja]], with RAT-31SL/N
+***** Radar Station [[Njunis]], with [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31SL/N]] (will be replaced by [[AN/TPY-4]] before 2030)
-**** Radar Station [[Honningsvåg]], with RAT-31SL/N
+***** Radar Station [[Senja (island)|Senja]], with RAT-31SL/N (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4 before 2030)
-**** Radar Station [[Vestvågøy Municipality | Vestvågøy]], with SINDRE I
+***** Radar Station [[Honningsvåg]], with RAT-31SL/N (will be replaced by AN/TPY-4 before 2030)
-**** Radar Station [[Vågsøy (island) | Vågsøy]], with SINDRE I
+***** Radar Station [[Vestvågøy Municipality|Vestvågøy]], with SINDRE I (being replaced by AN/TPY-4)
-**** Radar Station [[Eigersund Municipality | Skykula]], with SINDRE I
+***** Radar Station [[Vardø Municipality|Grøhøgda]], with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
+**** Regional Maintenance Centre Værnes, at [[Værnes Air Station]]<ref name="Dalløkken"/>
+***** Radar Station [[Orkland Municipality|Hestgrovheia]], with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
+***** Radar Station [[Håmmålsfjellet]], with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
+***** Radar Station [[Namsos Municipality|Øyenskavlen]], with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
+**** Regional Maintenance Centre Rygge, at [[Rygge Air Station]]<ref name="Dalløkken"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Roen |first1=Stian |title=Første regionale vedlikeholdssenter er åpnet |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/aktuelt-og-presse/aktuelt/forste-regionale-vedlikeholdssenter-er-apnet |publisher=Norwegian Armed Forces |access-date=12 December 2025 |language=Norwegian}}</ref>
+***** Radar Station [[Vågsøy (island)|Vågsøy]], with AN/TPY-4
+***** Radar Station [[Eigersund Municipality|Skykula]], with SINDRE I (being replaced by AN/TPY-4)
+***** Radar Station [[Øvre Eiker|Sirikjerke]], with AN/TPY-4 (under construction)
 === Poland ===
-{{Location map+ | Poland | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Poland|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Pyry'''}}</small> | lat= 52.133333 | long= 21.016667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Pyry'''}}</small>|lat= 52.133333|long= 21.016667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Gmina Sicienko | Osówiec]]}}</small> | lat= 53.2 | long= 17.8 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Gmina Sicienko|Osówiec]]}}</small>|lat= 53.2|long= 17.8|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[John Paul II International Airport Kraków–Balice | Kraków-Balice]]}}</small> | lat= 50.072614 | long= 19.802406 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[John Paul II International Airport Kraków–Balice|Kraków-Balice]]}}</small>|lat= 50.072614|long= 19.802406|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wrocław]]}}</small> | lat= 51.1 | long= 17.033333 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wrocław]]}}</small>|lat= 51.1|long= 17.033333|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Sandomierz]]}}</small> | lat= 50.683333 | long= 21.75 | position=left | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Sandomierz]]}}</small>|lat= 50.683333|long= 21.75|position=left|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brzoskwinia]]}}</small> | lat= 50.086939 | long= 19.740763 | position=left | mark=Pink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Brzoskwinia]]}}</small>|lat= 50.086939|long= 19.740763|position=left|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Roskosz]]}}</small> | lat= 52.081185 | long= 23.148465 | position=right | mark=Pink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Roskosz]]}}</small>|lat= 52.081185|long= 23.148465|position=right|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wronowice, Łódź Voivodeship | Wronowice]]}}</small> | lat= 51.616231 | long= 19.138946 | position=left | mark=Pink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Wronowice, Łódź Voivodeship|Wronowice]]}}</small>|lat= 51.616231|long= 19.138946|position=left|mark=Pink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Łabunie]]}}</small> | lat= 50.621081 | long= 23.339101 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Łabunie]]}}</small>|lat= 50.621081|long= 23.339101|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lipowiec, Szczytno County | Lipowiec]]}}</small> | lat= 53.466667 | long= 21.133333 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Lipowiec, Szczytno County|Lipowiec]]}}</small>|lat= 53.466667|long= 21.133333|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Szypliszki]]}}</small> | lat= 54.214498 | long= 22.995154 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Szypliszki]]}}</small>|lat= 54.214498|long= 22.995154|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Chruściel]]}}</small> | lat= 54.271627 | long= 19.830670 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Chruściel]]}}</small>|lat= 54.271627|long= 19.830670|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Chojnice]]}}</small> | lat= 53.7 | long= 17.566667 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Chojnice]]}}</small>|lat= 53.7|long= 17.566667|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Poland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Babki, Greater Poland Voivodeship | Babki]]}}</small> | lat= 52.316667 | long= 16.933333 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Poland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Babki, Greater Poland Voivodeship|Babki]]}}</small>|lat= 52.316667|long= 16.933333|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Polish Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Pink pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[PIT-Radwar NUR-12M | NUR-12M]] <br/> [[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg | 8px]] Radiotechnical Battalion <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Polish Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Pink pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[PIT-Radwar NUR-12M|NUR-12M]] <br/> [[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RAT-31DL <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg|8px]] Radiotechnical Battalion <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Polish Air Force | Polish Armed Forces Operational Command]]'s Air Operations Centre is located in the Warsaw-Pyry neighborhood and reports to CAOC Uedem. The 3rd ''Wrocław'' Radiotechnical Brigade is responsible for the operation of the Armed Forces radar equipment. As of 2021, the Polish Air Force possesses three NUR-12M and three RAT-31DL long-range radars making up BACKBONE system, which are listed below.
+The [[Polish Air Force|Polish Armed Forces Operational Command]]'s Air Operations Centre is located in the Warsaw-Pyry neighborhood and reports to CAOC Uedem. The 3rd ''Wrocław'' Radiotechnical Brigade is responsible for the operation of the Armed Forces radar equipment. As of 2021, the Polish Air Force possesses three NUR-12M and three RAT-31DL long-range radars making up BACKBONE system, which are listed below.
-* '''Armed Forces Operational Command''', in [[Warsaw]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Air Operations Center - Air Component Command | url=http://www.do.wp.mil.pl/info/cop/ | publisher=Polish Armed Forces | access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Structure | url=http://cop.wp.mil.pl/pl/3.html | publisher=Air Operations Centre - Air Component Command | access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref>
+* '''Armed Forces Operational Command''', in [[Warsaw]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Air Operations Center - Air Component Command|url=http://www.do.wp.mil.pl/info/cop/|publisher=Polish Armed Forces|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Structure|url=http://cop.wp.mil.pl/pl/3.html|publisher=Air Operations Centre - Air Component Command|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref>
 ** '''Air Operations Centre - Air Component Command''', in Warsaw-Pyry
-*** Mobile Air Operations Command Unit, in [[Babki, Greater Poland Voivodeship | Babki]]
+*** Mobile Air Operations Command Unit, in [[Babki, Greater Poland Voivodeship|Babki]]
-*** 22nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Gmina Sicienko | Osówiec]]
+*** 22nd Command and Control Centre, in [[Gmina Sicienko|Osówiec]]
-*** 32nd Command and Control Centre, at [[John Paul II International Airport Kraków–Balice | Kraków-Balice Air Base]]
+*** 32nd Command and Control Centre, at [[John Paul II International Airport Kraków–Balice|Kraków-Balice Air Base]]
 *** 1st Air Operations Coordination Centre, in [[Gdynia]]
 *** 2nd Air Operations Coordination Centre, in [[Kraków]]
 *** 4th Air Operations Coordination Centre, in [[Szczecin]]
-*** '''3rd Radiotechnical Brigade''', in [[Wrocław]] (Air space surveillance)<ref>{{cite web | title=3rd Radiotechnical Brigade - Subordinate units | url=https://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/3brt/bataliony/ | publisher=3rd Radiotechnical Brigade | access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref>
+*** '''3rd Radiotechnical Brigade''', in [[Wrocław]] (Air space surveillance)<ref>{{cite web|title=3rd Radiotechnical Brigade - Subordinate units|url=https://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/3brt/bataliony/|publisher=3rd Radiotechnical Brigade|access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref>
 **** 3rd Radiotechnical Battalion "Sandomierz", in [[Sandomierz]]
-***** 110th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Łabunie]], with [[Selex RAT-31DL | RAT-31DL]]
+***** 110th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Łabunie]], with [[Selex RAT-31DL|RAT-31DL]]
-***** 360th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Brzoskwinia, Lesser Poland Voivodeship | Brzoskwinia]], with NUR-12M
+***** 360th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Brzoskwinia, Lesser Poland Voivodeship|Brzoskwinia]], with NUR-12M
 ***** 2× Air base area control stations, with AVIA-W radars
 ***** 3× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
-**** 8th Radiotechnical Battalion "Szczytno", in [[Lipowiec, Szczytno County | Lipowiec]]
+**** 8th Radiotechnical Battalion "Szczytno", in [[Lipowiec, Szczytno County|Lipowiec]]
 ***** 144th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Roskosz]], with NUR-12M
 ***** 184th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Szypliszki]], with RAT-31DL
@@ Line 501: / Line 515: @@
 ***** 5× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
 **** 31st Radiotechnical Battalion "Dolnośląskie", in [[Wrocław]]
-***** 170th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Wronowice, Łódź Voivodeship | Wronowice]], with NUR-12M
+***** 170th Long Range Radiolocating Post, in [[Wronowice, Łódź Voivodeship|Wronowice]], with NUR-12M
 ***** 4× Radiotechnical companies, with mobile radars
 ***** 3× Air base area control stations, with AVIA-W radars
@@ Line 509: / Line 523: @@
 === Portugal ===
-{{Location map+ | Portugal | AlternativeMap=Reliefkarte Portugal.png | relief = 1 | float=right | width=180 | places=
+{{Location map+|Portugal|AlternativeMap=Reliefkarte Portugal.png|relief = 1|float=right|width=180|places=
-{{Location map~ | Portugal | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Monsanto Forest Park | Monsanto]]'''}}</small> | lat= 38.719722 | long= -9.203056 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Portugal|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Monsanto Forest Park|Monsanto]]'''}}</small>|lat= 38.719722|long= -9.203056|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Portugal | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Fóia (mountain) | Fóia]]}}</small> | lat= 37.314795 | long= -8.596244 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Portugal|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Fóia (mountain)|Fóia]]}}</small>|lat= 37.314795|long= -8.596244|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Portugal | background = white | label=<small>Pilar</small> | lat= 41.266667 | long= -8.4 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Portugal|background = white|label=<small>Pilar</small>|lat= 41.266667|long= -8.4|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Portugal | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Serra de Montejunto Protected Landscape | Montejunto]]}}</small> | lat= 39.175 | long= -9.05 | position=right | mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Portugal|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Serra de Montejunto Protected Landscape|Montejunto]]}}</small>|lat= 39.175|long= -9.05|position=right|mark=Red ff0000 pog.svg}}
- | caption=Portuguese Air Force radar stations (+ one station off map in [[Madeira]]) <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with HR-3000 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Portuguese Air Force radar stations (+ one station off map in [[Madeira]]) <br/> [[File:Red ff0000 pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with HR-3000 <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[Portuguese Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 10) in [[Lisbon]] was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Torrejón in Spain.
 * '''Air Command''', in [[Lisbon]]
-** Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Monsanto Forest Park | Monsanto]]
+** Control and Reporting Centre, in [[Monsanto Forest Park|Monsanto]]
-** Radar Station 1, on [[Fóia (mountain) | Monte Fóia]], with HR-3000
+** Radar Station 1, on [[Fóia (mountain)|Monte Fóia]], with HR-3000
 ** Radar Station 2, on [[Monte Pilar]] in [[Paços de Ferreira]], with HR-3000
-** Radar Station 3, at [[Serra de Montejunto Protected Landscape | Montejunto]], with HR-3000
+** Radar Station 3, at [[Serra de Montejunto Protected Landscape|Montejunto]], with HR-3000
-** Radar Station 4, on [[Pico do Arieiro]], on the island of [[Madeira]], with [[Indra Sistemas | LANZA 3-D]]
+** Radar Station 4, on [[Pico do Arieiro]], on the island of [[Madeira]], with [[Indra Sistemas|LANZA 3-D]]
 === Romania ===
-{{Location map+ | Romania | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Romania|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ovidiu]]}}</small> | lat= 44.27 | long= 28.56 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ovidiu]]}}</small>|lat= 44.27|long= 28.56|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RoAF 93rd Air Base | Giarmata]]}}</small> | lat= 45.833333 | long= 21.316667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RoAF 93rd Air Base|Giarmata]]}}</small>|lat= 45.833333|long= 21.316667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Suceava]]}}</small> | lat= 47.651389 | long= 26.255556 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Suceava]]}}</small>|lat= 47.651389|long= 26.255556|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Craiova]]}}</small> | lat= 44.333333 | long= 23.816667 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Craiova]]}}</small>|lat= 44.333333|long= 23.816667|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[:ro:Muntele Mare | Muntele Mare]]}}</small> | lat= 46.466667 | long= 23.2 | position=left | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[:ro:Muntele Mare|Muntele Mare]]}}</small>|lat= 46.466667|long= 23.2|position=left|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>''[[Bârnova]]''</small> | lat= 47.15 | long= 27.583333 | position=right | mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>''[[Bârnova]]''</small>|lat= 47.15|long= 27.583333|position=right|mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>''[[Medgidia]]''</small> | lat= 44.25 | long= 28.261389 | position=bottom | mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>''[[Medgidia]]''</small>|lat= 44.25|long= 28.261389|position=bottom|mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>''[[Bobohalma]]''</small> | lat= 46.34 | long= 24.2310 | position=right | mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>''[[Bobohalma]]''</small>|lat= 46.34|long= 24.2310|position=right|mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>''[[Timișoara]]''</small> | lat= 45.77 | long= 21.2588 | position=bottom | mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>''[[Timișoara]]''</small>|lat= 45.77|long= 21.2588|position=bottom|mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>''[[Oradea]]''</small> | lat= 47.07 | long= 21.9211 | position=right | mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>''[[Oradea]]''</small>|lat= 47.07|long= 21.9211|position=right|mark=DeepPink pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Fetești]]}}</small> | lat= 44.41 | long= 27.8236 | position=left | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Fetești]]}}</small>|lat= 44.41|long= 27.8236|position=left|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bacău]]}}</small> | lat= 46.58 | long= 26.9166 | position=right | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bacău]]}}</small>|lat= 46.58|long= 26.9166|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Câmpia Turzii]]}}</small> | lat= 46.54 | long= 23.88 | position=top | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Câmpia Turzii]]}}</small>|lat= 46.54|long= 23.88|position=top|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Romania | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Balotești'''}}</small> | lat= 44.6299 | long= 26.143275 | position=top | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Romania|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Balotești'''}}</small>|lat= 44.6299|long= 26.143275|position=top|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Romanian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V) <br/> [[File:DeepPink pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with WSR-98D <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg | 8px]] Airspace Surveillance Group <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Romanian Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-117(V) <br/> [[File:DeepPink pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with WSR-98D <br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg|8px]] Airspace Surveillance Group <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
-The [[Romanian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is headquartered in [[Balotești]] and reports to CAOC Torrejón. Additionally, the [[NEXRAD | WSR-98D]] radar stations in Bârnova, Medgidia, Bobohalma, Timișoara, and Oradea are officially designated and operated as a civilian radar stations by the [[Administrația Națională de Meteorologie | National Meteorological Administration]], however their data is fed into the military air surveillance system as well.
+The [[Romanian Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is headquartered in [[Balotești]] and reports to CAOC Torrejón. Additionally, the [[NEXRAD|WSR-98D]] radar stations in Bârnova, Medgidia, Bobohalma, Timișoara, and Oradea are officially designated and operated as a civilian radar stations by the [[Administrația Națională de Meteorologie|National Meteorological Administration]], however their data is fed into the military air surveillance system as well.
-* '''Air Component Command''' ''"General comandant aviator Ermil Gheorghiu"'', in [[Balotești]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.roaf.ro/?p=6083 | title=Comandamentul Componentei Aeriene | language=ro | work=RoAF | access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref>
+* '''Air Component Command''' ''"General comandant aviator Ermil Gheorghiu"'', in [[Balotești]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.roaf.ro/?p=6083|title=Comandamentul Componentei Aeriene|language=ro|work=RoAF|access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref>
 ** Air Operations Centre, in [[Balotești]]<ref name="roAOC" />
 *** Radar Station, in [[Ovidiu]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
-*** Radar Station, at [[RoAF 93rd Air Base | Giarmata Airport]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
+*** Radar Station, at [[RoAF 93rd Air Base|Giarmata Airport]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
 *** Radar Station, in [[Suceava]], with AN/FPS-117(V)
 *** Radar Station, in [[Craiova]] ([[Cârcea]]), with AN/FPS-117(V)
-*** Radar Station, on {{ill | Muntele Mare | ro | }}, with AN/FPS-117(V)
+*** Radar Station, on {{ill|Muntele Mare|ro|}}, with AN/FPS-117(V)
 * '''76th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade''' ''"Dacia"'', in [[Moara Vlăsiei]]
-** 1st Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Neculai Iordache"'', at [[RoAF 86th Air Base | 86th Air Base]], in [[Fetești]]
+** 1st Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Neculai Iordache"'', at [[RoAF 86th Air Base|86th Air Base]], in [[Fetești]]
-** 2nd Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Pompiliu Ionescu"'', at [[RoAF 95th Air Base | 95th Air Base]], in [[Bacău]]
+** 2nd Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Pompiliu Ionescu"'', at [[RoAF 95th Air Base|95th Air Base]], in [[Bacău]]
-** 3rd Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Vasile Mihalache"'', at [[RoAF 71st Air Base | 71st Air Base]], in [[Câmpia Turzii]]
+** 3rd Airspace Surveillance Group ''"General Vasile Mihalache"'', at [[RoAF 71st Air Base|71st Air Base]], in [[Câmpia Turzii]]
-** 4th Electronic Warfare Group ''"Locotenent-colonel Mihai Cană"'', in [[Domnești, Ilfov | Domnești]]<ref>{{Cite book | last=Rațiu | first=Ioan Gheorghe | url=https://ancmrr.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/25-Iulie-2020-aniversarea-a-65-de-ani-de-la-infiintarea-armei-radiolocatie.pdf | title=25 Iulie 2020, Aniversarea a 65 de ani de la ȋnființarea Armei Radiolocație | publisher=Academia Forţelor Aeriene | date=July 25, 2020 | location=Brașov | pages=37 | language=ro}}</ref>
+** 4th Electronic Warfare Group ''"Locotenent-colonel Mihai Cană"'', in [[Domnești, Ilfov|Domnești]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rațiu|first=Ioan Gheorghe|url=https://ancmrr.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/25-Iulie-2020-aniversarea-a-65-de-ani-de-la-infiintarea-armei-radiolocatie.pdf|title=25 Iulie 2020, Aniversarea a 65 de ani de la ȋnființarea Armei Radiolocație|publisher=Academia Forţelor Aeriene|date=July 25, 2020|location=Brașov|pages=37|language=ro|archive-date=December 15, 2023|access-date=November 30, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215213238/https://ancmrr.ro/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/25-Iulie-2020-aniversarea-a-65-de-ani-de-la-infiintarea-armei-radiolocatie.pdf|url-status=dead }}</ref>
 === Slovakia ===
-{{Location map+ | Slovakia | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Slovakia|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Zvolen]]'''}}</small> | position = right | lat= 48.57442 | long= 19.15324 | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Zvolen]]'''}}</small>|position = right|lat= 48.57442|long= 19.15324|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Michalovce]]}}</small> | position = right | lat = 48.72382 | long = 21.951630 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Michalovce]]}}</small>|position = right|lat = 48.72382|long = 21.951630|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Veľká Ida]]}}</small> | position = left | lat = 48.605821 | long = 21.142366 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Veľká Ida]]}}</small>|position = left|lat = 48.605821|long = 21.142366|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ožďany]]}}</small> | position = right | lat = 48.377819 | long = 19.924525 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Ožďany]]}}</small>|position = right|lat = 48.377819|long = 19.924525|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Močiar]]}}</small> | position = left | lat = 48.549033 | long = 18.963076 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Močiar]]}}</small>|position = left|lat = 48.549033|long = 18.963076|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hlohovec]]}}</small> | position = left | lat = 48.411017 | long = 17.795143 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hlohovec]]}}</small>|position = left|lat = 48.411017|long = 17.795143|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
-{{Location map~ | Slovakia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mierovo]]}}</small> | position = right | lat = 48.061361 | long = 17.375087 | mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg | marksize = 8 }}
+{{Location map~|Slovakia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Mierovo]]}}</small>|position = right|lat = 48.061361|long = 17.375087|mark = Purple 8000ff pog.svg|marksize = 8 }}
- | caption=Slovak Air Force radar stations <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre <br/> [[File:Purple 8000ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with [[EL/M-2084 | EL/M-2084M-MMR]]}}
+|caption=Slovak Air Force radar stations <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre <br/> [[File:Purple 8000ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with [[EL/M-2084|EL/M-2084M-MMR]]}}
 The [[Slovak Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Zvolen]] and reports to CAOC Uedem.
@@ Line 573: / Line 587: @@
 * '''Air Force Command''', in [[Zvolen]]
 ** '''2nd Air Force Brigade''', in Zvolen
-*** Air Operations Center, in Zvolen
+*** Air Operations Centre, in Zvolen
-*** Radar Surveillance Battalion, in Zvolen (6× [[EL/M-2084 | EL/M-2084M-MMR]] radars)<ref>{{cite web | last1=Smisek | first1=Martin | title=Modernising Slovakia's Ground-Based Air Defence | date=26 June 2023 | url=https://euro-sd.com/2023/06/news/31806/modernising-slovakias-ground-based-air-defence/ | publisher=European Security & Defence | access-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
+*** Radar Surveillance Battalion, in Zvolen (6× [[EL/M-2084|EL/M-2084M-MMR]] radars)<ref>{{cite web|last1=Smisek|first1=Martin|title=Modernising Slovakia's Ground-Based Air Defence|date=26 June 2023|url=https://euro-sd.com/2023/06/news/31806/modernising-slovakias-ground-based-air-defence/|publisher=European Security & Defence|access-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
 **** Command and Support Company, in Zvolen
 **** 1st Radar Surveillance Company, in [[Michalovce]]
@@ Line 586: / Line 600: @@
 === Slovenia ===
-{{Location map+ | Slovenia | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Slovenia|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Slovenia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Zgornji Brnik | Brnik]]'''}}</small> | lat= 46.239739 | long= 14.485853 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Slovenia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Zgornji Brnik|Brnik]]'''}}</small>|lat= 46.239739|long= 14.485853|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Slovenia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Vrhnika]]}}</small> | lat= 45.962375 | long= 14.293736 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Slovenia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Vrhnika]]}}</small>|lat= 45.962375|long= 14.293736|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Slovenia | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hočko Pohorje]]}}</small> | lat= 46.500347 | long= 15.570408 | position=right | mark=Purple pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Slovenia|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hočko Pohorje]]}}</small>|lat= 46.500347|long= 15.570408|position=right|mark=Purple pog.svg}}
- | caption=Slovenian Air Force and Air Defense radar stations <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with GM 403 <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Slovenian Air Force and Air Defense radar stations <br/> [[File:Purple pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with GM 403 <br /> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
-The [[Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence | Slovenian Air Force and Air Defense]]'s Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre is headquartered in Brnik and reports to CAOC Torrejón.
+The [[Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence|Slovenian Air Force and Air Defense]]'s Airspace Surveillance and Control Centre is headquartered in Brnik and reports to CAOC Torrejón.
-The Italian Air Force's 4th Wing at [[Grosseto Air Base]] and 36th Wing at [[Gioia del Colle Air Base]] rotate a [[Quick Reaction Alert | QRA]] flight of [[Eurofighter Typhoon]]s to [[Istrana Air Base]], which are responsible for the air defense of Northern Italy and Slovenia.
+The Italian Air Force's 4th Wing at [[Grosseto Air Base]] and 36th Wing at [[Gioia del Colle Air Base]] rotate a [[Quick Reaction Alert|QRA]] flight of [[Eurofighter Typhoon]]s to [[Istrana Air Base]], which are responsible for the air defense of Northern Italy and Slovenia.
 * '''Forces Command''', in [[Vrhnika]]
@@ Line 604: / Line 618: @@
 === Spain ===
-{{Location map+ | Spain | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Spain|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[El Frasno]]}}</small> | lat=41.41388 | long=-1.495016 | position=left | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[El Frasno]]}}</small>|lat=41.41388|long=-1.495016|position=left|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Villatobas]]}}</small> | lat=39.9 | long=-3.333333 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Villatobas]]}}</small>|lat=39.9|long=-3.333333|position=right|mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Constantina, Seville | Constantina]]}}</small> | lat=37.866667 | long=-5.616667 | position=right | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Constantina, Seville|Constantina]]}}</small>|lat=37.866667|long=-5.616667|position=right|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Roses, Girona | Roses]]}}</small> | lat=42.263056 | long=3.183056 | position=right | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Roses, Girona|Roses]]}}</small>|lat=42.263056|long=3.183056|position=right|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Aitana (mountain) | Aitana]]}}</small> | lat=38.660833 | long=-0.274722 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Aitana (mountain)|Aitana]]}}</small>|lat=38.660833|long=-0.274722|position=right|mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Puig Major]]}}</small> | lat=39.8 | long=2.8 | position=right | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Puig Major]]}}</small>|lat=39.8|long=2.8|position=right|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Motril]]}}</small> | lat=36.75 | long=-3.516667 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Motril]]}}</small>|lat=36.75|long=-3.516667|position=right|mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[A Barbanza | Barbanza]]}}</small> | lat=42.613889 | long=-8.906667 | position=right | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[A Barbanza|Barbanza]]}}</small>|lat=42.613889|long=-8.906667|position=right|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Alcalá de los Gazules]]}}</small> | lat=36.466667 | long=-5.716667 | position=left | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Alcalá de los Gazules]]}}</small>|lat=36.466667|long=-5.716667|position=left|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Espinosa de los Monteros]]}}</small> | lat=43.066667 | long=-3.533333 | position=right | mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Espinosa de los Monteros]]}}</small>|lat=43.066667|long=-3.533333|position=right|mark=Yellow pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label=<small>Sierra Espuña</small> | lat=37.771002 | long=-1.500162 | position=right | mark=Black pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label=<small>Sierra Espuña</small>|lat=37.771002|long=-1.500162|position=right|mark=Black pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Torrejón Air Base | Torrejón]]'''}}</small> | lat=40.496667 | long=-3.445833 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Torrejón Air Base|Torrejón]]'''}}</small>|lat=40.496667|long=-3.445833|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Spain | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Zaragoza Air Base | Zaragoza]]}}</small> | lat=41.666111 | long=-1.041667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Spain|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Zaragoza Air Base|Zaragoza]]}}</small>|lat=41.666111|long=-1.041667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Spanish Air Force radar stations (+ two stations off map in the [[Canary Islands]]) <br/> [[File:Black pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with LANZA 3-D <br/>[[File:Yellow pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with RAT-31SL/T <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Spanish Air Force radar stations (+ two stations off map in the [[Canary Islands]]) <br/> [[File:Black pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with LANZA 3-D <br/>[[File:Yellow pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with RAT-31SL/T <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
 The [[Spanish Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 8) at Torrejón Air Base was deactivated in 2013 and replaced at same location by CAOC Torrejon, which took over the functions of CAOC 5, CAOC 7, CAOC 8 and CAOC 10. CAOC Torrejón is responsible for the NATO airspace South of the Alps.
@@ Line 628: / Line 642: @@
 *** Central Command and Control Group (GRUCEMAC), at Torrejón Air Base
 *** Northern Command and Control Group (GRUNOMAC), at [[Zaragoza Air Base]]
-*** Mobile Air Control Group (GRUMOCA) at [[Seville Airport | Tablada Air Base]]
+*** Mobile Air Control Group (GRUMOCA) at [[Seville Airport|Tablada Air Base]]
 *** 1st Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 1) radar station, at Air Station [[El Frasno]], with LANZA 3-D
 *** 2nd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 2) radar station, at Air Station [[Villatobas]], with RAT-31SL/T
-*** 3rd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 3) radar station, at Air Station [[Constantina, Seville | Constantina]], with LANZA 3-D
+*** 3rd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 3) radar station, at Air Station [[Constantina, Seville|Constantina]], with LANZA 3-D
-*** 4th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 4) radar station, at Air Station [[Roses, Girona | Roses]], with LANZA 3-D
+*** 4th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 4) radar station, at Air Station [[Roses, Girona|Roses]], with LANZA 3-D
-*** 5th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 5) radar station, at Air Station [[Aitana (mountain) | Aitana]], with RAT-31SL/T
+*** 5th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 5) radar station, at Air Station [[Aitana (mountain)|Aitana]], with RAT-31SL/T
 *** 7th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 7) radar station, at Air Station [[Puig Major]], with LANZA 3-D
 *** 9th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 9) radar station, at Air Station [[Motril]], with RAT-31SL/T
-*** 10th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 10) radar station, at Air Station [[A Barbanza | Barbanza]], with LANZA 3-D
+*** 10th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 10) radar station, at Air Station [[A Barbanza|Barbanza]], with LANZA 3-D
 *** 11th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 11) radar station, at Air Station [[Alcalá de los Gazules]], with LANZA 3-D
 *** 12th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 12) radar station, at Air Station [[Espinosa de los Monteros]], with RAT-31SL/T
 *** 13th Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 13) radar station, at Air Station [[Sierra Espuña]], with LANZA 3-D
 *** 21st Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 21) radar station, at [[Vega de San Mateo]] on [[Gran Canaria]], with LANZA 3-D
-*** 22nd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 22) radar station, in [[Haría (municipality) | Haría]] on [[Lanzarote]], with RAT-31SL/T
+*** 22nd Air Surveillance Squadron (EVA 22) radar station, in [[Haría (municipality)|Haría]] on [[Lanzarote]], with RAT-31SL/T
 === Sweden ===
-{{Location map+ | Sweden | relief = 1 | float=right | width=125| places=
+{{Location map+|Sweden|relief = 1|float=right|width=125| places=
-{{Location map~ | Sweden | background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Ärna Air Base]]'''}}</small> |lat= 59.897222 |long= 17.588611 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Sweden|background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Ärna Air Base]]'''}}</small> |lat= 59.897222 |long= 17.588611 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Sweden | background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bålsta]]}}</small> |lat= 59.583333 |long= 17.5 |position=left |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Sweden|background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Bålsta]]}}</small> |lat= 59.583333 |long= 17.5 |position=left |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Sweden | background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hästveda]]}}</small> |lat= 56.267747 |long= 13.892483 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Sweden|background = white |label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Hästveda]]}}</small> |lat= 56.267747 |long= 13.892483 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
 |caption=Swedish Air Force<br>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Combat Control Centre}}
-The [[Swedish Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Ärna Air Base]], while the air force's control reporting centres are located in underground bunkers in [[Bålsta]] and [[Hästveda]]. Sweden operates fixed radar sites, which between 2025 and 2028 will be upgraded with Thales [[SMART-L]] radars .
+The [[Swedish Air Force]]'s Air Operations Centre is located at [[Ärna Air Base]], while the air force's control reporting centres are located in underground bunkers in [[Bålsta]] and [[Hästveda]]. Sweden operates fixed radar sites, which between 2025 and 2028 will be upgraded with [[AN/TPY-4]] radars .
 * '''Combat Control and Air Surveillance Command''', at [[Ärna Air Base]] in [[Uppsala]]
@@ Line 657: / Line 671: @@
 === Turkey ===
-{{Location map+ | Turkey | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Turkey|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Ahlatlıbel'''}}</small> | lat=39.933333 | long= 32.866667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''Ahlatlıbel'''}}</small>|lat=39.933333|long= 32.866667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= | lat= 39.933333 | long= 32.6 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label=|lat= 39.933333|long= 32.6|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Körfez, Kocaeli | Körfez]]}}</small> | lat= 40.783333 | long= 29.733333 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Körfez, Kocaeli|Körfez]]}}</small>|lat= 40.783333|long= 29.733333|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[İzmir | Karabelen]]}}</small> | lat= 38.42 | long= 27.14 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[İzmir|Karabelen]]}}</small>|lat= 38.42|long= 27.14|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Çanakkale]]}}</small> | lat= 40.155833 | long= 26.413611 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Çanakkale]]}}</small>|lat= 40.155833|long= 26.413611|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erzurum]]}}</small> | lat= 39.908611 | long= 41.276944 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Erzurum]]}}</small>|lat= 39.908611|long= 41.276944|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Datça]]}}</small> | lat= 36.7283 | long= 27.6869 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Datça]]}}</small>|lat= 36.7283|long= 27.6869|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Inebolu]]}}</small> | lat=41.95 | long= 34.583333 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Inebolu]]}}</small>|lat=41.95|long= 34.583333|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kisecik]]}}</small> | lat= 36.5817 | long= 36.165 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kisecik]]}}</small>|lat= 36.5817|long= 36.165|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kürecik Radar Station|Kürecik]]}}</small> | lat= 38.349 | long= 37.793 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Kürecik Radar Station|Kürecik]]}}</small>|lat= 38.349|long= 37.793|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Turkey | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pazar]]}}</small> | lat= 41.024722 | long= 40.522222 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Turkey|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pazar, Rize|Pazar]]}}</small>|lat= 41.024722|long= 40.522222|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
- | caption=Turkish Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+|caption=Turkish Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
 The [[Turkish Air Force]]'s Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC 6) in [[Eskişehir]] was deactivated in 2013 and its responsibilities were transferred to CAOC Torrejón in Spain. Turkey's Air Force fields a mix of [[HR-3000]], [[AN/FPS-117]], [[AN/TPY-2]], [[RAT-31SL]], [[RAT-31DL]] and local-made [[Aselsan EIRS]] radars, however the exact number of each of these radar and their location in the Turkish radar system is unknown.
@@ Line 676: / Line 690: @@
 ** Control and Reporting Centre, in Ahlatlıbel
 *** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in Ahlatlıbel
-*** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[Körfez, Kocaeli | Körfez]]
+*** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[Körfez, Kocaeli|Körfez]]
-*** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[İzmir | Karabelen]]
+*** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[İzmir|Karabelen]]
 *** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[Çanakkale]]
 *** Aerial Surveillance Radar Post, in [[Erzurum]]
@@ Line 687: / Line 701: @@
 === United Kingdom ===
-{{Location map+ | United Kingdom | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|United Kingdom|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[RAF Boulmer]]'''}}</small> | lat= 55.421944 | long= -1.603333 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[RAF Boulmer]]'''}}</small>|lat= 55.421944|long= -1.603333|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Benbecula|Benbecula]]}}</small> | lat= 57.617222 | long= -7.446111 | position=left | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Benbecula|Benbecula]]}}</small>|lat= 57.617222|long= -7.446111|position=left|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Buchan|Buchan]]}}</small> | lat= 57.458333 | long= -1.811944 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Buchan|Buchan]]}}</small>|lat= 57.458333|long= -1.811944|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Saxa Vord|Saxa Vord]]}}</small> | lat= 60.8275 | long= -0.841111 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Saxa Vord|Saxa Vord]]}}</small>|lat= 60.8275|long= -0.841111|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Neatishead|Neatishead]]}}</small> | lat= 52.7144 | long= 1.4706
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Neatishead|Neatishead]]}}</small>|lat= 52.7144|long= 1.4706
- | position=left | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+|position=left|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Portreath|Portreath]]}}</small> | lat= 50.271389 | long= -5.263333 | position=left | mark=Blue pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Portreath|Portreath]]}}</small>|lat= 50.271389|long= -5.263333|position=left|mark=Blue pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Staxton Wold|Staxton Wold]]}}</small> | lat= 54.186389 | long= -0.434444 | position=right | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Staxton Wold|Staxton Wold]]}}</small>|lat= 54.186389|long= -0.434444|position=right|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Brizlee Wood|Brizlee Wood]]}}</small> | lat= 55.41831 | long= -1.76844 | position=left | mark=Orange pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RRH Brizlee Wood|Brizlee Wood]]}}</small>|lat= 55.41831|long= -1.76844|position=left|mark=Orange pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RAF Fylingdales]]}}</small> | lat= 54.3619 | long= -0.6703 | position=left | mark=Red pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[RAF Fylingdales]]}}</small>|lat= 54.3619|long= -0.6703|position=left|mark=Red pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | United Kingdom | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[RAF High Wycombe]]'''}}</small> | lat= 51.4053 | long= -0.4807 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|United Kingdom|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[RAF High Wycombe]]'''}}</small>|lat= 51.4053|long= -0.4807|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
- | caption=Royal Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with Type 92 radar<br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with Type 101 radar<br/>[[File:Red pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-126<br/>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
+|caption=Royal Air Force radar stations <br/> [[File:Orange pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with Type 92 radar<br/> [[File:Blue pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with Type 101 radar<br/>[[File:Red pog.svg|8px]] Radar station with AN/FPS-126<br/>[[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Control and Reporting Centre}}
 The [[Royal Air Force]]'s Air Surveillance and Control System is located at [[RAF Boulmer]], and reports to CAOC Uedem. The RAF operates seven Remote Radar Heads (RRHs) across the UK, which feed back to the [[Control and Reporting Centre]] at [[RAF Boulmer]]. Under Project Guardian, all of the UK's radar stations and systems are being upgraded and strengthened. The UK is also unique in Europe in possessing a Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) which is based at [[RAF Fylingdales]].
@@ Line 705: / Line 719: @@
 * '''National Air and Space Operations Centre (NASOC)''', at [[RAF High Wycombe]]
 ** [[Control and Reporting Centre]], at [[RAF Boulmer]]
-*** [[RRH Benbecula]], in [[North Uist]], with [[AN/TPS-77 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Benbecula]], in [[North Uist]], with [[AN/TPS-77|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Brizlee Wood]], in [[Eglingham | Shipley]], with [[AN/FPS-117 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Brizlee Wood]], in [[Eglingham|Shipley]], with [[AN/FPS-117|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Buchan]], in [[Boddam, Aberdeenshire | Boddam]], with [[AN/TPS-77 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Buchan]], in [[Boddam, Aberdeenshire|Boddam]], with [[AN/TPS-77|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Saxa Vord]], in [[Unst]], with [[AN/TPS-77 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Saxa Vord]], in [[Unst]], with [[AN/TPS-77|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Neatishead]], in [[Neatishead]], with [[AN/FPS-117 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Neatishead]], in [[Neatishead]], with [[AN/FPS-117|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Staxton Wold]], in [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire | Scarborough]], with [[AN/TPS-77 | Type 92]] radar
+*** [[RRH Staxton Wold]], in [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]], with [[AN/TPS-77|Type 92]] radar
-*** [[RRH Portreath]], in [[Portreath]], with [[BAE Systems | Type 101]] radar
+*** [[RRH Portreath]], in [[Portreath]], with [[BAE Systems|Type 101]] radar
 ** [[Ballistic Missile Early Warning System]], at [[RAF Fylingdales]] with [[AN/FPS-126]]
@@ Line 719: / Line 733: @@
 == Non-NATO European air defense systems ==
 === Austria ===
-{{Location map+ | Austria | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Austria|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Austria | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[St Johann im Pongau | Basisraum]]'''}}</small> | lat= 47.320556 | long= 13.186667 | position=right | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Austria|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[St Johann im Pongau|Basisraum]]'''}}</small>|lat= 47.320556|long= 13.186667|position=right|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Austria | background = white | label=<small>Kolomansberg
+{{Location map~|Austria|background = white|label=<small>Kolomansberg
-</small> | lat= 47.87738 | long= 13.27526 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+</small>|lat= 47.87738|long= 13.27526|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Austria | background = white | label=<small> Steinmandl </small> | lat= 48.575278 | long= 16.396111 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Austria|background = white|label=<small> Steinmandl </small>|lat= 48.575278|long= 16.396111|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Austria | background = white | label=<small> Speikkogel</small> | lat= 46.786667 | long= 14.971667 | position=right | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Austria|background = white|label=<small> Speikkogel</small>|lat= 46.786667|long= 14.971667|position=right|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-| caption=Austrian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar Station with Selex RAT-31DL <br>
+| caption=Austrian Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar Station with Selex RAT-31DL <br>
-  [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Center ''"Basisraum"''}}
+  [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre ''"Basisraum"''}}
-* '''[[Austrian Air Force]]''' - [[Austrian air defense | GOLDHAUBE]] system:
+* '''[[Austrian Air Force]]''' - [[Austrian air defense|GOLDHAUBE]] system:
-** Command and Control Center ''"Basisraum"'', in [[St Johann im Pongau]]
+** Command and Control Centre ''"Basisraum"'', in [[St Johann im Pongau]]
 *** [[Kolomansberg]] Radar Station
 *** [[Großer Speikkogel]] Radar Station
@@ Line 735: / Line 749: @@
 === Switzerland ===
-{{Location map+ | Switzerland | relief = 1 | float=right | width=360 | places=
+{{Location map+|Switzerland|relief = 1|float=right|width=360|places=
-{{Location map~ | Switzerland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Dübendorf Air Base | Dübendorf]]'''}}</small> | lat= 47.398611 | long= 8.648056 | position=left | mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Switzerland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|'''[[Dübendorf Air Base|Dübendorf]]'''}}</small>|lat= 47.398611|long= 8.648056|position=left|mark=Lightgreen pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Switzerland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pilatus (mountain) | Pilatus]]}}</small> | lat= 46.973889 | long= 8.241111 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Switzerland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Pilatus (mountain)|Pilatus]]}}</small>|lat= 46.973889|long= 8.241111|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Switzerland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Scopi]]}}</small> | lat= 46.571667 | long= 8.83 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Switzerland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Scopi]]}}</small>|lat= 46.571667|long= 8.83|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Switzerland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Weisshorn (Bernese Alps) | Weisshorn]]}}</small> | lat= 46.38382 | long= 7.473604 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Switzerland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Weisshorn (Bernese Alps)|Weisshorn]]}}</small>|lat= 46.38382|long= 7.473604|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-{{Location map~ | Switzerland | background = white | label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Weissfluh]]}}</small> | lat= 46.835167 | long= 9.794389 | position=left | mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
+{{Location map~|Switzerland|background = white|label= <small>{{nowrap|[[Weissfluh]]}}</small>|lat= 46.835167|long= 9.794389|position=left|mark=Blue 0080ff pog.svg}}
-| caption=Swiss Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg | 8px]] Radar station <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg | 8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
+| caption=Swiss Air Force radar stations<br/>[[File:Blue 0080ff pog.svg|8px]] Radar station <br/> [[File:Lightgreen pog.svg|8px]] Command and Control Centre}}
 * '''[[Swiss Air Force]]''' - [[FLORAKO]] system:
-** Air Defence & Direction Center, at [[Dübendorf Air Base]]
+** Air Defence & Direction Centre, at [[Dübendorf Air Base]]
-*** [[Mount Pilatus | Pilatus]] Radar Station
+*** [[Mount Pilatus|Pilatus]] Radar Station
 *** [[Scopi]] Radar Station
-*** [[Weisshorn (Bernese Alps) | Weisshorn]] Radar Station
+*** [[Weisshorn (Bernese Alps)|Weisshorn]] Radar Station
 *** [[Weissfluh]] Radar Station
@@ Line 753: / Line 767: @@
 {{Reflist}}
-[[Category:Military installations of NATO | Integrated Air Defense System]]
+[[Category:Military installations of NATO|Integrated Air Defense System]]
 [[Category:Air defence radar networks]]

NATO Integrated Air Defense System: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:23, 12 December 2025

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