Yasothon
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Yasothon (Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a town on the Chi River in the north-eastern region of Thailand. It is the capital and administrative center of Yasothon province and seat of its city district. In this district, subdistrict Nai Mueang (Script error: No such module "Lang". 'in town') incorporates the bounds of the town proper, which had a population of 21,134 in 2005. It lies Script error: No such module "convert". north-east of Bangkok.
History
Founding
In 2354 B.E. (1811 CE) Chao ('lord') Racha Wong SinghScript error: No such module "Unsubst". (Script error: No such module "Lang". — 'descended from lions') more often transliterated sing, led his people to a landing on the River Chi, to found a town on a bluff near a deserted temple. The lion, Sing, was a son of Chao Phraya Wichai (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in the capital of Champasak (Script error: No such module "Lang".). The town was first called Ban Sing Kow (Script error: No such module "Lang". 'old lion village') or Ban Sing Tha (Script error: No such module "Lang".).[1] While there are numerous Khmer artifacts in and around the city, no written history is known prior to that year.
A weather-worn and now nearly illegible marker erected by Thailand's Fine Arts department (Script error: No such module "Lang".) for a Khmer chedi by Wat Sing Tha, related that during the Thonburi Era, grandson Thao Kham Su (Script error: No such module "Lang".) called the settlement Ban Sing Thong (Script error: No such module "Lang".). The wat, which had been deserted until dense jungle growth blocked the landing, was cleared, re-built and renamed after the new village. The change from Thong ('gold') to Tha (Script error: No such module "Lang".) was influenced by two factors: Tha means 'port' or 'landing'. and also pose with many connotations.[2] Thus the change in name to Sing Tha means 'port lion', and also 'imposing lion' such as those posed on the Lion Gate, and on pedestals on the temple grounds.
Name changes
In 2357 B.E. (1814), King Rama II announced a change in the town's name to Mueang Yasothon (Script error: No such module "Lang".). The name proposed had been Mueang Yotsunthon (Script error: No such module "Lang"..) (The yaso Script error: No such module "Lang". part of the name translates as 'arrogant: one pretending to yot Script error: No such module "Lang". 'high rank'.[3] This may not have been the intention: compare Yasodharapura and Yasovarman.) At the same time, the chao ('lord') of Yasothon received a new style (manner of address): Phra Sunthonratchawongsa (Script error: No such module "Lang".).
Yasothon was successively governed by five Phra Sunthon Ratcha Wongsa: Singh or Sing, 1815–1823; Thao Sicha, 1823; Fai, 1823–1857; Thao Men, 1857–1873; Suphrom, 1873–1895.
During the 1827–1829 Laotian Rebellion led by Chao Anouvong, Fai was active in encouraging left (eastern) bank people to migrate to establish their muang on the right (western) bank of the Mekong. King Rama III, in recognition of his achievements, also appointed him as chao muang of Nakhon Phanom, and he briefly governed both Yasothon and Nakhon Phanom.[4]
Singh
On 15 August 2011, a monument to Singh, the first Phra Sunthon Ratcha Wongsa, was erected on the grounds of Wat Srithammaram.[5]
The town's unofficial nickname is Mueang Yot Nakhon Script error: No such module "Lang". 'Proud capital'.
Bodindecha
Chao Phraya Bodindecha (Script error: No such module "Lang".) (1777–1849), (given name, Singh or Sing; family name, Singhaseni (Script error: No such module "Lang".) was a chancellor (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and army general (Script error: No such module "Lang".) during the reign of Rama III (1824–1851). He led the army from Bangkok that put down the 1826–1828 Laotian Rebellion (Script error: No such module "Lang".) of Chao Anouvong of Vientiane (Script error: No such module "Lang".). General Sing then brought his army to Yasothon to regroup. The site is now Wat Tung Sawang Chaiyaphum (Script error: No such module "Lang". 'field of bright victory',) featuring a nine-spire chedi. The chedi contains the golden image of a captive, and near the south wall is a Buddha footprint.
Camp Bodindecha (Script error: No such module "Lang".), west of the city proper in Ban Doet (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Tambon Doet, is named in his honor. The camp has been home to the Royal Thai Army 16th Infantry Regiment (Script error: No such module "Lang".) since 23 December 1985.[6]
Municipality
The local administration of Yasothon was created in 1944 as a subdistrict municipality.[7] With the creation of Yasothon Province, the municipality was upgraded to a town municipality.[8]
Chinese influence
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The city has a significant Thai Chinese presence. The city pillar, erected in 2530 BE (1987), is housed in a shrine (Script error: No such module "Lang".) that resembles a Chinese temple. A Chinese warrior represents the city spirit in the annual parade celebrating the Chinese lunar date of the shrine's dedication.
Rocket Festival
Yasothon's Rocket Festival (Template:Langx, RTGS: Script error: No such module "lang".) is held annually over a weekend that falls in the middle of May. The festival's origins lie in a custom of firing rockets into the sky at the start of the rice-growing season to remind King of the Sky, Phaya Thaen, to send promised rain. The festival is a competition marked by a weekend of celebration, including highly decorated floats parading through the town, accompanied by partying, dancing, music, and a fair. Friday the main thoroughfare is transformed into a parade ground lined on both sides by concert stages, which features mor lam performers throughout the evening. On Saturday, parade groups compete for prizes. Many of the traditional dances and floats have to do with the legend of Phadaeng Nang Ai, but others have to do with the year's particular theme. On Sunday, the action moves from the city center to Phaya Thaen Park at its eastern edge. The festival now takes the form of a competition to see whose rocket stays aloft the longest.
On 10 May 1999, the Yasothon Rocket Festival made world headlines when a 120 kg rocket exploded 50 meters above ground, just two seconds after launch, killing four persons and injuring 11.[9]
Tourism
In 2015, to encourage tourism, a 5 floor museum in the shape of a toad was erected.[10]
Climate
Yasothon has three seasons: summer, rainy season (mansoon) and winter. Maximum temperature is 43 °C (109.4 °F) and minimum temperature is 11 °C (51.8 °F). Average relative humidity is 71.1%. Average rainfall for the years 2009–2013 was 1,600 millimetres per year.[11]
Transport
Yasothon city is about Script error: No such module "convert". or seven hours drive from Bangkok at the intersection of Routes 23 and 202, and the southern end of Route 2169. Samlo serve the city centre, where tuk-tuks are prohibited. Motorcycle taxis with yellow license plates and drivers with identifying vests serve the city and outlying areas. Several bus lines connect daily and at frequent intervals to Bangkok's Northern Bus Terminal (Template:Langx, RTGS: Script error: No such module "lang".), as well as all bus terminals in the north and northeast. Ubon Ratchathani is 100 kilometres east via Route 23. Yasothon's bus terminal re-located from the city centre to Route 23 Bypass just east of the Ban Kham Noi Junction with Vittaya Thamrong Road, Rte YS-2018.Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
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References
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External links
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