Volcanism of Java

File:Semeru Bromo Temple.JPG

View of Semeru and Bromo eruption with Mount Batok in East Java

The Indonesian island of Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 45 of which are considered active volcanoes. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (lahars). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as alluvium to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas.

Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.Template:Says who?

List of volcanoes

File:Merapi and 6 other Volcanoes in Java Indonesia.jpg

Mount Merapi (left foreground) and Merbabu (right); with far view of Mount Ungaran, Sumbing, Sundoro, Dieng, and Slamet in Central Java

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word Gunung (mount or mountain) precede the names.

West Java

• Mount Cereme Stratovolcano
• Mount Galunggung Stratovolcano
• Mount Gede Stratovolcano
• Mount Guntur Complex volcano
• Kamojang Geothermal field
• Karaha Crater Fumarole field
• Gunung Karang Stratovolcano
• Mount Kendang Stratovolcano
• Mount Kendeng Stratovolcano
• Mount Kiaraberes-Gagak Stratovolcano
• Mount Malabar Stratovolcano
• Mount Pangrango Stratovolcano
• Mount Papandayan Complex stratovolcano
• Mount Patuha Stratovolcano
• Perbakti Stratovolcano
• Mount Pulosari Stratovolcano
• Mount Salak Stratovolcano
• Mount Talagabodas Stratovolcano
• Mount Tampomas Stratovolcano
• Tangkuban Parahu Stratovolcano
• Wayang-Windu Twin volcanoes

Central Java

• Mount Slamet Stratovolcano
• Dieng Volcanic Complex Complex volcano
• Mount Sundoro Stratovolcano
• Mount Sumbing Stratovolcano
• Mount Ungaran Stratovolcano
• Mount Telomoyo Stratovolcano
• Mount Merbabu Stratovolcano
• Mount Merapi Stratovolcano
• Mount Muria Stratovolcano
• Mount Lawu Stratovolcano (bordering with East Java)

East Java

• Mount Lawu Stratovolcano (bordering with Central Java)
• Mount Wilis Stratovolcano
• Kelut Stratovolcano
• Kawi-Butak Stratovolcanoes
• Arjuno-Welirang Stratovolcano
• Penanggungan Stratovolcano
• Malang Plain Maars
• Semeru Stratovolcano
• Mount Bromo
• Lamongan Stratovolcano
• Mount Lurus
• Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano
• Raung Stratovolcano
• Ijen Stratovolcanoes
• Baluran Stratovolcano

List of active volcanoes

Name	Shape	Elevation		Last eruption (VEI)	Geolocation
		m	ft
Pulosari	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Gunung Karang	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Kiaraberes-Gagak	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Perbakti	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Salak	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Gede	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Patuha	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Wayang-Windu	lava dome	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Malabar	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Tangkuban Perahu	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Papandayan	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Kendang	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Kamojang	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:DtsPleistocene	Template:Coord
Guntur	complex volcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Tampomas	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Galunggung	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Talagabodas	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Karaha	fumarole	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Cereme	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts	Template:Coord
Slamet	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Dieng	complex volcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Sundoro	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Sumbing	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Ungaran	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Telomoyo	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Merbabu	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Merapi	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (3)	Template:Coord
Muria	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts ± 30 years	Template:Coord
Lawu	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Wilis	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Kelud	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (4)	Template:Coord
Kawi-Butak	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Arjuno-Welirang	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (0)	Template:Coord
Penanggungan	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Malang Plain	maar	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Semeru	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts–2021 continuing (3)	Template:Coord
Tengger	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Lamongan	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (2)	Template:Coord
Lurus	complex volcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Iyang-Argapura	complex volcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord
Raung	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Ijen	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	Template:Dts (1)	Template:Coord
Baluran	stratovolcano	Template:Convert	unknown	Template:Coord

See also

• Reinout Willem van Bemmelen
• List of volcanoes in Indonesia

References

• Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), The Ecology of Java and Bali, Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Hardcover, 969 pages, Template:ISBN