Voiced retroflex fricative

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

A voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is Template:Angbr IPA. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Features

File:Voiced retroflex fricative articulation.svg
Schematic mid-sagittal section

Features of a voiced retroflex sibilant:

Template:Sibilant Template:Retroflex Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Median articulation Template:Pulmonic

Occurrence

In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical Script error: No such module "IPA". and laminal Script error: No such module "IPA"..

The frequency of Script error: No such module "IPA". cross-linguistically is 2% in a phonological analysis of 2155 languages.[1]

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Abkhaz Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'half' See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'old' Laminal.
AwetíTemplate:Sfnp Script error: No such module "IPA". 'to pray' Diachronically related to Template:IPAblink and also to some other alveolar sounds in certain occasions. As word lists created in the 1900s appoint for Template:IPAblink where there is Script error: No such module "IPA". now, the latter sound is supposed to be the result of a very recent sound change that is analogically happening in Waurá.Template:Sfnp
Chinese Mandarin 肉/ròu Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'meat' Also transcribed as a retroflex approximant Script error: No such module "IPA". depending on accent and dialect. See Mandarin phonology.
Changshu dialect Script error: No such module "Lang". /dʐan ʐɔʔ/
Script error: No such module "IPA".
(without tone sandhi)		 'Changshu' Pronounced [ʂʱ] when occurring at the first syllable. A native Wu Chinese speaker may reduce it a sound closer to a retroflex approximant Script error: No such module "IPA". (similar to the Standard Mandarin r) when trying to force a unnatural voiced pronunciation on the first syllable.
Faroese Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'run'
Lower Sorbian[2][3] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'Lusatia'
MapudungunTemplate:Sfnp Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'flower' May be Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink instead.Template:Sfnp
Marrithiyel Marri Tjevin dialect Script error: No such module "IPA". 'they are laughing' Voicing is non-contrastive.
MehinákuTemplate:Sfnp Script error: No such module "IPA". 'parrot' Resulted from the voicing of Template:IPAslink in between vowels.Template:Sfnp
Pashto Southern dialect <templatestyles src="Script/styles_arabic.css" />تږى/tâjai‎ Script error: No such module "IPA". 'thirsty' See Pashto phonology
Polish Standard[4] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'wife' Also represented orthographically by Template:Angbr and, when written so, may be instead pronounced as the raised alveolar non-sonorant trill by few speakers.[5] It is transcribed as Script error: No such module "IPA". by most Polish scholars. See Polish phonology
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[6] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'he paid' Some speakers. It is a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA". into Template:IPAblink (see Szadzenie).
Suwałki dialect[7]
Romagnol Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'ten' Apical; may be Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink instead.
Russian Standard[4] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'wife' Concave apical postalveolar, no true subapicality as expected from retroflexes.[8] Tend to be labialised and/ or velarised.[9] See Russian phonology
Most speakers in most words Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'to call in casually
/to drive into'		 Modern pronunciation of older Template:IPAslink often derived from underlying Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA".. Subsists as such in some words for conservative Moskovite accents.[9]
Serbo-Croatian Script error: No such module "Lang". / Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'yellow' Typically transcribed as /ʒ/. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Shina Gilgiti[10] Script error: No such module "lang". / ẓakuṇ Script error: No such module "IPA". 'donkey'
Kohistani
Slovak[11] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'frog'
Spanish Andean hacer Script error: No such module "IPA". 'do' The phoneme Script error: No such module "IPA". changes to Script error: No such module "IPA"., when it is at the end of a syllable
marrón, ratón Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA". 'brown', 'mouse' See Spanish phonology
Swedish Central dialects[12] Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:ErrorTemplate:Category handlerTemplate:Category handler 'raw' Apical. Allophone of rhotic, may also be pronounced Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink.[12][13] See Swedish phonology
Taruma[14] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'rain' Main allophone of a marginal retroflex phoneme, with Template:IPAblink as quasi-allohpone word initially before Template:IPAslink.[14]
Tilquiapan Zapotec[15] ? Script error: No such module "IPA". 'bottom'
Torwali[16] ݜوڙ Script error: No such module "IPA". 'straight'
Ubykh Script error: No such module "IPA". 'firewood' See Ubykh phonology
Ukrainian Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'frog' See Ukrainian phonology
Upper Sorbian Some dialects[17][18] Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Used in dialects spoken in villages north of Hoyerswerda; corresponds to Template:IPAblink in the standard language.[2]
Yi Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". 'grass'

Voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative

Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Features

Features of a voiced retroflex non-sibilant fricative:

Template:Fricative Template:Retroflex Template:Voiced Template:Oral Template:Median articulation Template:Pulmonic

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
English Eastern Cape[19] red Script error: No such module "IPA". 'red' Apical; typical realization of Script error: No such module "IPA". in that region.[19] See South African English phonology

See also

Citations

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  1. ↑ Phoible.org. (2018). PHOIBLE Online – Segments. [online] Available at: http://phoible.org/parameters.
  2. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  3. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  4. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Template:Cite thesis
  15. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  16. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  17. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  18. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  19. ↑ a b Template:Harvcoltxt

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References

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

Template:IPA navigation

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