Suihua

Template:Template other Suihua (Template:Lang-zh) is a prefecture-level city in west-central Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, adjacent to Yichun to the east, Harbin, the provincial capital, to the south, Daqing to the west and Heihe to the north. It has 3,756,167 inhabitants at the 2020 census, of whom 698,025 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Beilin District.

Geography

Suihua is located in the northern part of the Songnen Plain (Songhuajiang-Nenjiang Plain), and situated in the central part of Heilongjiang Province. Bordering prefectures are:

• Daqing (W)
• Harbin (S)
• Heihe (N)
• Qiqihar (NW)
• Yichun (E)

The city is located at latitude 45° 03′–48° 02′ N and longitude 124° 13′–128° 30' E. The total area of the city is .

Transportation

The railway station of Suihua is located at the crossing of Taiping Road () and Beilin Road () in the eastern region of the city proper. The Harbin-Jiamusi Railway and the Harbin-Heihe Railway connect the city with Harbin, Jiamusi and several other cities in Heilongjiang Province. There are also buses to Daqing, Qiqihar and other cities in Heilongjiang.

Climate

Suihua has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with long, bitterly cold, but dry winters, and humid, very warm summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to in July, while the annual mean is . A majority of the annual precipitation occurs in July and August alone.

History

File:石串饰，绥化市博物馆.jpg

Stone Ornaments. Neolithic Age. Unearthed at Lianhuachi Site, Qing'an.

Suihua's history can be stretched back to over 10,000 years ago. Paleolithic Age stone tools were unearthed at Hailun and Zhaodong. Neolithic sites belong to the Ang'angxi Culture type were also discovered at Anda. Sushen, the ancestors of the Manchu, inhabited in this region During the Xia dynasty and Shang dynasty. During the Yuan dynasty, agriculture developed rapidly in Suihua.

Qing dynasty

From 1653, Suihua area was under the rule of Ningguta General. In 1683, the position of Heilongjiang General was established, Suihua was under the rule of Heilongjiang General. On November 20, 1885, the Directly Ruled Ting of Suihua () was established at Beilin Tuanzi, a barren at that time. In 1905 it was redesigned as Suihua Fu ().

Republic of China (1912–49)

In 1912, an army regiment was established in Suihua. The outbreak of plague caused 1683 deaths that year. In February 1913, 3000 brigands attacked the county seat, and was flattened by the garrison corps. In August 1917, in Suihua established the first telephone company. In July 1919, the 2nd High School of Heilongjiang Province was created. In February 1929, the county government was formally established.

In April 1932, the Japanese entered the city, resistance army led by Ma Zhanshan withdrew. The Manchukuo county government was created on July 12, 1933. In December 1934, Suihua county was put under the administration of Binjiang Province. In 1939, the county was incorporated into Bei'an Province, and the county hospital was built. On July 28, 1941, Counter-Japanese United Army organized the National Salvation Society at Shuanghe, Wuying villages. The Manchu government ordered the peasants to supply military grain, and often faced heavy resistance. In 1943 the Suihua-Jiamusi railway was opened to traffic. The Soviets took the city on August 27, 1945, and Chen Lei was made the first County CPC secretary in November.

The land reform movement began in 1947. Many Suihua people joined the Chinese civil war, especially the Siping Campaign. On May 13, 1949, Suihua County Government was renamed Suihua People's Government.

People's Republic of China (1949–present)

Suihua is approved to become a prefecture-level city in 1999, and officially designated a prefecture-level city on June 14, 2000.

Administrative divisions

File:Txu-oclc-6614368-nl52-4.jpg

Map including Suihua (labeled as SUI-HUA (SUIHWA) (walled)) (AMS, 1955)

Map
File:Administrative Division Suihua.png Beilin Wangkui County Lanxi County Qinggang County Qing'an County Mingshui County Suileng County Anda (city) Zhaodong (city) Hailun (city)
Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 est.)	Area (km2)	Density (/km2)
Beilin District			877,114	2,756.4	318
Anda City			472,826	3,586.3	132
Zhaodong City			903,067	4,331.96	208
Hailun City			769,437	4,667.26	165
Wangkui County			458,725	2,313.78	198
Lanxi County			424,562	2,499.35	170
Qinggang County			474,422	2,684.71	177
Qing'an County			386,162	5,468.7	71
Mingshui County			320,695	2,305.46	139
Suileng County			331,343	4,350.25	76

Economy

As an agricultural production hub in Heilongjiang province, Suihua's GDP has reached RMB 73.34 billion in 2010, an increase of 14.8 percent over the previous year. To the city's GDP, the main contributors are the agricultural sector and service sector. Petrochemicals, textiles and machinery are some other pillar industries in Suihua. In 2015, Suihua had a GDP of RMB 127.22 billion.

Demographics

According to the Seventh National Census in 2020, the city’s Permanent Population (Hukou) was 3,756,167. Compared with 5,418,153 in the Sixth National Census, the number decreased by 1,661,986, a drop of 30.67%, with an average annual growth rate of -3.60%.

There were 1,891,784 males, accounting for 50.36%. There were 1,864,383 females, accounting for 49.64%. The sex ratio (with females as 100, the proportion of males to females) decreased from 102.43 in the Sixth National Census to 101.47.

Education

Universities and colleges

• Suihua University (绥化学院)
• Suihua Education College(绥化市教育学院)

External links

• Suihua Official Website Template:In lang