Soyuz 7K-TM
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The 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project version of the Soyuz spacecraft (Soyuz 7K-TM) served as a technological bridge to the third generation Soyuz-T (T - транспортный, Transportnyi meaning transport) spacecraft (1976–1986).
The Soyuz ASTP spacecraft was designed for use during the Apollo Soyuz Test Project as Soyuz 19. It featured design changes to increase compatibility with the American craft. The Soyuz ASTP featured new solar panels for increased mission length, an APAS-75 docking mechanism instead of the standard male mechanism, and modifications to the environmental control system to lower the cabin pressure to 0.68 atmospheres (69 kPa) prior to docking with Apollo. The ASTP Soyuz backup craft flew as the Soyuz 22 mission, replacing the docking port with a camera.
Missions
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| Mission | Crew | Launch | Landing | Duration | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kosmos 638 | None | 3 Apr 1974 | 13 Apr 1974 | Template:Time interval | First test flight of the APAS-75 docking system[3] |
| Kosmos 672 | None | 12 Aug 1974 | 18 Aug 1974 | Template:Time interval | Second test flight of the APAS-75 docking system[3] |
| Soyuz 16 | Template:Flagicon Anatoly Filipchenko Template:Flagicon Nikolai Rukavishnikov |
2 Dec 1974 | 8 Dec 1974 | Template:Time interval | Third and final dress rehearsal of testing the APAS-75 docking system for the subsequent ASTP mission[4] |
| Soyuz 19 | Template:Flagicon Alexei Leonov Template:Flagicon Valery Kubasov |
15 Jul 1975 | 21 Jul 1975 | Template:Time interval | Part of the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project, the first international crewed spaceflight in history[5] |
| Soyuz 22 | Template:Flagicon Valery Bykovsky Template:Flagicon Vladimir Aksyonov |
15 Sept 1976 | 23 Sept 1976 | Template:Time interval | Earth sciences and (possibly a) reconnaissance mission. Final crewed Soyuz spaceflight to not visit a space station[6] |
Images
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References
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External links
- RSC Energia: Concept Of Russian Manned Space Navigation Development
- Mir Hardware Heritage
- David S.F. Portree, Mir Hardware Heritage, NASA RP-1357, 1995
- Mir Hardware Heritage (wikisource)
- Information on Soyuz spacecraft
- OMWorld's ASTP Docking Trainer Page Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- NASA - Russian Soyuz TMA Spacecraft Details Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- Space Adventures circum-lunar mission - details
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