7th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 7th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1801, to March 4, 1803, during the first two years of Thomas Jefferson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1790 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority, except when the Senate held a two-day Special Senate session in order to provide advice to the new President Thomas Jefferson, when there was still a Federalist majority in the Senate.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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States admitted

File:USCapitol1801.jpg
United States Capitol with "Brick Oven"
  • Ohio was admitted as a state, having previously been a portion of the Northwest Territory. The exact date is unclear and in dispute, but it is undisputed that it was during this Congress. The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the 83rd U.S. Congress passed legislation retrospectively designating the date of the first meeting of the Ohio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802, the 7th U.S. Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173) On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

The Federalists still controlled the Senate when they held a two-day special Senate session in March 1801, which was called by outgoing President John Adams so that the Senate could provide advice to the new President Thomas Jefferson,[1][2] but by the time Congress began its first regular session in December 1801 to start official business, the Democratic-Republicans had gained Senate control.

Affiliation Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
 Vacant
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | style="background-color:Template:Party color" |
Democratic-Republican Federalist Total
End of previous Congress 11 21 32 0
Begin 14 18 32 0
March 5, 1801Template:Efn 17 31 1
May 6, 1801Template:Efn 15 32 0
June 6, 1801Template:Efn 14 31 1
June 12, 1801Template:Efn 16 30 2
June 17, 1801Template:Efn 17 31 1
June 30, 1801Template:Efn 13 30 2
July 13, 1801Template:Efn 14 31 1
September 1, 1801Template:Efn 16 30 2
October 1, 1801Template:Efn 15 31 1
November 19, 1801Template:Efn 16 15 31 1
December 15, 1801Template:Efn 17 32 0
February 5, 1802Template:Efn 16 31 1
February 9, 1802Template:Efn 17 32 0
June 14, 1802Template:Efn 14 31 1
June 17, 1802Template:Efn 15 32 0
October 26, 1802Template:Efn 16 31 1
November 4, 1802Template:Efn 17 32 0
November 29, 1802Template:Efn 32 2
March 2, 1803Template:Efn 14 31 3
Final voting share 54.8% 45.2%
Beginning of the next Congress 22 9 31 3

House of Representatives

File:7thHouse.svg
State shares of party representatives

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Leadership

Senate

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House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

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Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1802; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1804; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1806.

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House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

There was 1 death, 8 resignations, and 2 seats added for a new state. Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Ordinal US Congress change

|- | Rhode Island
(2) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Ray Greene (F) | Resigned March 5, 1801, after being nominated for a judicial position. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Christopher Ellery (DR) | Seated May 6, 1801

|- | South Carolina
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Charles Pinckney (DR) | Resigned June 6, 1801, after being appointed Minister to Spain. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Sumter (DR) | Seated December 15, 1801

|- | New Hampshire
(2) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Samuel Livermore (F) | Resigned June 12, 1801. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Simeon Olcott (F) | Seated June 17, 1801

|- | Pennsylvania
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Peter Muhlenberg (DR) | Resigned June 30, 1801. His successor was appointed July 13, 1801, and then elected December 17, 1801. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | George Logan (DR) | Seated July 13, 1801

|- | Vermont
(3) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Elijah Paine (F) | Resigned September 1, 1801. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Stephen R. Bradley (DR) | Seated October 15, 1801

|- | Maryland
(3) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | William Hindman (F) | Resigned November 19, 1801. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Robert Wright (DR) | Seated November 19, 1801

|- | Massachusetts
(3) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Dwight Foster (F) | Resigned March 2, 1803. Not filled this Congress | Vacant

|- | New York
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Armstrong Jr. (DR) | Resigned February 5, 1802. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | DeWitt Clinton (DR) | Seated February 9, 1802

|- | New Hampshire
(3) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | James Sheafe (F) | Resigned June 14, 1802. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | William Plumer (F) | Seated June 17, 1802

|- | South Carolina
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John E. Colhoun (DR) | Died October 26, 1802. His successor was elected. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Pierce Butler (DR) | Seated November 4, 1802

|- | Ohio
(1) | rowspan=2 | New seats | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" |Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802. | Vacant | rowspan=2 | Not filled this Congress

|- | Ohio
(3) | Vacant

|}

House of Representatives

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|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Elizur Goodrich (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Calvin Goddard (F) | May 14, 1801

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | William Edmond (F) resigned before the beginning of this Congress. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Benjamin Tallmadge (F) | September 21, 1801

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Representative-elect George Thatcher declined to serve.
Successor elected June 22, 1801. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Richard Cutts (DR) | December 7, 1801[5]

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Levi Lincoln (DR) | Resigned March 5, 1801, after being appointed US Attorney General. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Seth Hastings (F) | January 11, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | John Bird (F) | Resigned July 25, 1801. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Peter Van Ness (DR) | December 7, 1801

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Tillotson (DR) | Resigned August 10, 1801, upon appointment as NY Secretary of State. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Theodorus Bailey (DR) | December 7, 1801

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Silas Lee (F) | Resigned August 20, 1801. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Samuel Thatcher (F) | December 6, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Sumter (DR) | Resigned December 15, 1801, after being elected to the US Senate. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Richard Winn (DR) | January 24, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Benjamin Taliaferro (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1802. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | David Meriwether (DR) | December 6, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Joseph Peirce (F) | Resigned sometime in 1802. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Samuel Hunt (F) | December 6, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Richard Sprigg Jr. (DR) | Resigned February 11, 1802. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Walter Bowie (DR) | March 24, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99"|Narsworthy Hunter (DR) | Died March 11, 1802. | style="background-color:#AACC99"|Thomas M. Green Jr. (DR) | December 6, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Milledge (DR) | Resigned May 1802 after being elected Governor. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Peter Early (DR) | January 10, 1803

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Charles Johnson (DR) | Died July 23, 1802. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Wynns (DR) | December 7, 1802

|- | Template:Ushr | New seat | Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802. | Vacant | rowspan=2 | Not filled until next Congress

|- | Template:Ushr | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Peter Van Ness (DR) | Seat declared forfeited January 17, 1803. | Vacant

|}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Officers

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the 83rd U.S. Congress passed legislation retrospectively designating the date of the first meeting of the Ohio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802, the 7th U.S. Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173) On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.
  4. ↑ a b Pennsylvania's 4th district was a plural district with two representatives.
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

Template:USCongresses

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