Section sign

The section sign (§) is a typographical symbol for referencing individually numbered sections of a document; it is frequently used when citing sections of a legal code. It is also known as the section symbol, section mark, double-s, or silcrow. In other languages it may be called the "paragraph symbol" (for example, Template:Langx). The section sign typically appears akin to a letter S stacked on top of another S.

Use

The section sign is often used when referring to a specific section of a legal code. For example, in Bluebook style, "Title 16 of the United States Code Section 580p" becomes "16 U.S.C. §580p". The section sign is frequently used along with the pilcrow (or paragraph sign), Template:Char, to reference a specific paragraph within a section of a document. However, some jurisdictions prefer the sign be avoided, and rather that the word "section" be written out in full.

While Template:Char is usually read in spoken English as the word "section", many other languages use the word "paragraph" exclusively to refer to a section of a document (especially of legal text), and use other words to describe a paragraph in the English sense. Consequently, in those cases "§" may be read as "paragraph", and may occasionally also be described as a "paragraph sign", but this is a description of its usage, not a formal name.

When duplicated, as Template:Char, it is read as the plural "sections". For example, "§§13–21" would be read as "sections 13 through 21", much as Template:Char (pages) is the plural of Template:Char, meaning page.

It may also be used with footnotes when asterisk Template:Char, dagger Template:Char, and double dagger Template:Char have already been used on a given page.

It is common practice to follow the section sign with a non-breaking space so that the symbol is kept with the section number being cited.Template:Rp

Unicode

File:Parágrafo.PNG

Two common representations of the section sign

The section sign appeared in several early computer text encodings. It was placed at Template:Tt (167) in ISO-8859-1, a position that was inherited by Unicode as code point Template:Unichar. Representation of the sign is an artistic decision within the overall design language of the typeface (or computer font): the two more commonly seen forms are shown here. In all cases, the sign is encoded by U+00A7.

Origin

Two possible origins are often posited for the section sign: most probably, that it is a ligature formed by the combination of two S glyphs (from the Latin signum sectiōnis). Some scholars, however, are skeptical of this explanation.

Others have theorized that it is an adaptation of the Ancient Greek (paragraphos), a catch-all term for a class of punctuation marks used by scribes with diverse shapes and intended uses.

The modern form of the sign, with its modern meaning, has been in use since the 15th century.

In literature

In Jaroslav Hašek's The Good Soldier Švejk, the Template:Char symbol is used repeatedly to mean "bureaucracy". In his English translation of 1930, Paul Selver translated it as "red tape".

See also

• Scilicet ("it may be known") is sometimes rendered using a § mark instead of "viz."

External links

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