Sanʽani Arabic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Sanaani Arabic)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".<templatestyles src="Template:Infobox/styles-images.css" />Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters". Sanʽani Arabic is an Arabic dialect spoken in northern Yemen in the city of Sana'a.

Phonology

The Sanaani dialect is distinguished among Yemeni dialects by its use of the Template:IPAblink sound in the place of the Template:IPAslink (Script error: No such module "lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".) used in Modern Standard Arabic.

Consonants

Labial Interdental Dental/Alveolar Palatal Velar Pharyngeal Glottal
plain emph. plain emph.
Nasal Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Stop voiceless Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
voiced Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Fricative voiceless Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
voiced Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Tap Template:IPA link
Approximant Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
  • Script error: No such module "IPA". is voiced to Script error: No such module "IPA". in initial and intervocalic positions.[1]

Vowels

Front Back
Close Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
Open Template:IPA link Template:IPA link
  • The short vowels Script error: No such module "IPA". can have lax allophones of Script error: No such module "IPA"..[2]
  • Script error: No such module "IPA". within emphatic environments can be heard as back Script error: No such module "IPA"..[3]
  • In unstressed syllables, Sanaani short vowels may be reduced to Template:IPAblink.[4]
Sanʽani dialect personal pronouns[5]Template:Rp
Person Number Case
Subject Object
First Singular Anǝ -nǝ; -nee
Plural Eħnǝ -na; Eħnǝ
Second Singular ant (m.); Anti (f.) ant, anti; -ak (m.); -eʃ (f.)
Plural Anto Anto; -ʊ
Third Singular Huː (m.), Hiː (f.) Ho/-uː (m.), Hiː/ -iː (f.)
Plural Hom/Om(m.) ; Hen/en(f.) Hom/Om (m.) ; Hen/en (f.)

Grammar

Along with these phonological similarities to other dialects, Sanʽani Arabic also has several unique features. It uses the classical mā in the meaning of "what", as well as in negations. Unlike the classical usage, this mā is used without distinction in verbal and nominal sentences alike. Sanʽani Arabic represents the future aspect with a complex array of prefixes, depending on the person of the verb. For first-person verbs the prefix (ša-) or (‘ad) is used. The derivation of (ša-) is apparently related to the classical (sa-), and (‘ad) is likely an abbreviation of (ba‘d), meaning "after". For all other persons in Sanʽa proper the simple prefix (‘a-) is used, although many of the villages around Sanʽa extend the use of (ša-) for all persons.

Syntax

Sanʽani syntax differs from other Arabic dialects in a number of ways. It is one of few remaining Arabic dialects to retain the mā af‘al exclamatory sentence type with the meaning "how (adjective)". For instance, mā ajmal, is used to mean "how beautiful", from the adjective jamīl, meaning "beautiful"; a construction it shares with Libyan Arabic and Levantine Arabic.

Vocabulary

The Sanʽani vocabulary is also very distinct and conservative. The classical verb sāra, yasīr is retained with the meaning of "to go" (similar to Moroccan). Shalla, yashill is used to mean "to take/get".[6]

As an example of its distinctiveness, during an appearance of the would-be parliament speaker of Yemen, Abdullah Alahmar, on Al-Jazeera TV some years ago, viewers and the TV host needed a translation of his Yemeni dialect into Standard Arabic in order to understand what he said.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Loanwords

Ṣanʿānī Arabic Translation Etymology Modern Standard Arabic equivalent
Script error: No such module "lang". domestic cat Template:Langx Script error: No such module "lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang".; Script error: No such module "lang". glass (cup) Template:Langx; English Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". to drop English Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". bottle Template:Langx Script error: No such module "lang". Template:Gloss Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". Allow me (informal) Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Template:Gloss Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". OK Template:Langx Template:Gloss Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". kitchen Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Gloss[7] Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".
Script error: No such module "lang". bicycle Template:Langx Script error: No such module "lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang".

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Janet C. E. Watson, Sbahtu! A Course in Sanʽani Arabic. Semitica Viva: Series Didactica, 3. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1996. xxvii, 324 pp., glossary, index Template:ISBN
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Sister project Script error: No such module "Navbox".

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Sanʽani_Arabic&oldid=6775725"