Raymond Chandler bibliography

File:Raymond Chandler (Lady in the Lake portrait, 1943).jpg

Raymond Chandler c. 1943

Raymond Chandler (1888–1959) was an American-British novelist and screenwriter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois and lived in the US until he was seven, when his parents separated and his Anglo-Irish mother brought him to live near London; he was educated at Dulwich College from 1900. After working briefly for the British Civil Service, he became a part-time teacher at Dulwich, supplementing his income as a journalist and writer—mostly for The Westminster Gazette and The Academy. His output—consisting largely of poems and essays—was not to his taste, and his biographer Paul Bishop considers the work as "lifeless", while Contemporary Authors describes it as "lofty in subject and mawkish in tone". Chandler returned to the US in 1912 where he trained to become an accountant in Los Angeles. In 1917 he enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, saw combat in the trenches in France where he was wounded, and was undergoing flight training in the fledgling Royal Air Force when the war ended.

Chandler returned to the US in 1919 to rekindle his literary career, but instead took a job with an oil company until he was fired in 1932 following a bout of depression, womanizing and heavy drinking. He began writing crime stories for the pulp magazines Black Mask, Detective Fiction Weekly, The Fortnightly Intruder and Dime Detective. Between 1933 and 1941, Chandler wrote 22 short stories. In the next 17 years he wrote only three more. In the mid-1940s, some of the first 22 began appearing in inexpensive paperback and hardcover collections published by Avon Books and World Publishing Co. In 1950, Houghton Mifflin published the hardcover collection The Simple Art of Murder, containing a dozen stories selected by Chandler and an essay on mystery stories. Eight stories that he had "cannibalized" (his term) while writing his novels were omitted at his request. After Chandler's death, these eight were published in Killer in the Rain (1964). Selected stories from The Simple Art of Murder were subsequently published in additional paperback and hardcover editions. In 1939, at the behest of the publisher Alfred A. Knopf, Sr., Chandler wrote his first novel, The Big Sleep, for which he used parts of his short stories "Killer in the Rain" (1935) and "The Curtain" (1936). He went on to write seven novels, all of which featured the character Philip Marlowe.

In 1944 Chandler was asked by Paramount Pictures to write the script for the film Double Indemnity with Billy Wilder; the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. It was the first of seven scripts Chandler wrote, although two of them were unused. In 1959 Chandler died of pneumonia, brought on by alcoholism. In the aftermath of his death, many of his unpublished writings—including letters, literary criticism and prose and poetry—were released. His biographer, Tom Williams, considers that Chandler's name has become "a touchstone for crime writing, representing not just excellent fiction, but also a type of writing that is at once powerful and beautiful."

Publications in periodicals and newspapers

"The Rose-Leaf Romance" and "Organ Music" are an early short story and an early poem that were included in a collection, but their first printing is unknown.

Chandler's stories, poems and other publications in periodicals and newspapers

Title	Date of publication	Periodical	Notes
	Template:Dts	Chambers's Journal	Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Review of The Broad Highway by Jeffery Farnol
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Book review of The Reason Why by Elinor Glyn
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Poem
	Template:Dts		Review of The Drama of Love and Death by Edward Carpenter
	Template:Dts		Review of Change in the Village by George Bourne
	Template:Dts		Essay
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Detective Fiction Weekly	Story, originally published as "Noon Street Nemesis"
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts	Black Mask	Story
	Template:Dts		Letter
	Template:Dts		Letter
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts	Dime Detective	Story
	Template:Dts		Story
	Template:Dts		Story
	Template:Dts	Detective Story Magazine	Story
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts		Review of The Golden Egg by James Pollock
	Template:Dts	Harper's Magazine	Letter
	Template:Dts		–
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts		Review of Murders Plain and Fanciful by James Sandoe
	Template:Dts	Cosmopolitan	Article
	Template:Dts	Cosmopolitan	Prepublication abridgement
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts		Letter
	Template:Dts	Park East	Story
	Template:Dts	Park East	Story
	Template:Dts	Park East	Story
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts	Fantastic	Autobiographical note accompanying reprint of "Professor Bingo's Snuff"
	Template:Dts	London Evening Standard	Letter
	Template:Dts		Letter
	Template:Dts		Review of Diamonds Are Forever by Ian Fleming
	Template:Dts	San Diego Evening Tribune	Guest Column
	Template:Dts	Daily Express	Letter
	Template:Dts	Daily Express	Letter
	Template:Dts	San Diego Evening Tribune	Guest Column
	Template:Dts	San Diego Evening Tribune	Guest Column
	Template:Dts		Review of Dr. No by Ian Fleming
	Template:Dts	Suspense	Story
	Template:Dts	Suspense	Story
	Template:Dts		Article
	Template:Dts – April 10, 1959	Daily Mail	Story – published posthumously
	Template:Dts	San Diego Evening Tribune	Guest Column – published posthumously
	Template:Dts		Appreciation of Chandler by Ian Fleming; includes letters from Chandler – published posthumously
	Template:Dts		Prepublication excerpts – published posthumously
	Template:Dts	Antaeus	Article – published posthumously
	Template:Dts	Antaeus	Story – published posthumously

Interviews with Chandler

Title	Date of publication	Periodical	Notes
	Template:Dts	Pageant	Chandler interviewed by Irving Wallace
	Template:Dts	San Diego Daily Journal	Chandler interviewed
	Template:Dts	San Diego Daily Journal	Chandler interviewed by Terry Nolan
	Template:Dts		Chandler interviewed by Cyril Ray
	Template:Dts	John O'London's Weekly	Chandler interviewed by Peter Forster
	Template:Dts	Chicago Sunday Tribune	Chandler interviewed by Vincent Starrett
	Template:Dts	Daily Express	Chandler interviewed by René MacColl
	Template:Dts	Daily Express	Chandler interviewed by Merrick Winn
	Template:Dts	Daily Express	Chandler interviewed by Donald Gomery

Novels

File:Bogart and Bacall The Big Sleep.jpg

Humphrey Bogart as Philip Marlowe, with Lauren Bacall in the 1946 film The Big Sleep

Chandler left an unfinished novel when he died. This was completed by Robert B. Parker and published in 1989 as Poodle Springs.

The novels of Raymond Chandler

Title	Year of first publication	First edition publisher	Notes	Ref.
	1939	Alfred A. Knopf, New York	Based on the short stories "Killer in the Rain" (1935) and "The Curtain" (1936).
Farewell, My Lovely	1940	Alfred A. Knopf, New York	Based on the short stories "The Man Who Liked Dogs" (1936), "Try The Girl" (1937) and "Mandarin's Jade" (1937).
	1942	Alfred A. Knopf, New York	First Marlowe novel to not re-use previous short stories
	1943	Alfred A. Knopf, New York	Based on the short stories "Bay City Blues" (1938), "The Lady In The Lake" (1939), "No Crime In The Mountains" (1941).
	1949	Hamish Hamilton, London	Scenes based on the short story "Bay City Blues" (1938).
	1953	Hamish Hamilton, London	The first edition was in the UK, where it was published as The Long Good-Bye; winner of the Edgar Award for Best Novel, 1955. Scenes based on the short story "The Curtain" (1936).
Playback	1958	Hamish Hamilton, London	Based on an unproduced screenplay.

Short story collections

Chandler's short story collections

Title	Year of first publication	First edition publisher	Stories in the first edition	Ref.
Five Murderers		Avon Books, New York	Template:Plainlist
Five Sinister Characters		Avon Books, New York	Template:Plainlist
Red Wind		World Publishing Co, Cleveland, OH	Template:Plainlist
Spanish Blood		World Publishing Co, Cleveland, OH	Template:Plainlist
Finger Man, and Other Stories		Avon Books, New York	Template:Plainlist
		Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston	Template:Plainlist
Trouble Is My Business		Penguin Books, Harmondsworth	Template:Plainlist
Pick-up on Noon Street		Pocket Books, New York	Template:Plainlist
Smart-Aleck Kill		Hamish Hamilton, London	Template:Plainlist
Pearls Are a Nuisance		Hamish Hamilton, London	Template:Plainlist
Killer in the Rain		Hamish Hamilton, London	Template:Plainlist
		Hamish Hamilton, London	Template:Plainlist

Scripts

Many of Chandler's works were used as the basis for films. The following are where he is credited as the writer of the performed script.

Chandler's scripts

Title	Year of release	Studio	Notes	Ref.
Double Indemnity		Paramount Pictures	With Billy Wilder; based on the novella by James M. Cain. Nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
And Now Tomorrow		Paramount Pictures	With Frank Partos; based on the novel by Rachel Field.
		Paramount Pictures	With Hagar Wilde; based on a novel by Ethel Lina White.
		Paramount Pictures	Nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
Strangers on a Train		Warner Bros.	With Czenzi Ormonde; based on the novel by Patricia Highsmith.

Chandler's unproduced scripts

Title	Year of release	Studio	Notes	Ref.
	1946	Paramount Pictures	Based on The Innocent Mrs. Duff (1946) by Elisabeth Sanxay Holding
Playback	1947–48	Universal Studios	Original story, later converted to a novel of the same name

Miscellany

Title	Year of first publication	First edition publisher	Category	Notes	Ref.
Raymond Chandler on Writing		Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston MA	Letters, criticism and fiction	Pamphlet containing material from Raymond Chandler Speaking published for promotional purposes; edited by Dorothy Gardiner and Kathrine Sorley Walker
Raymond Chandler Speaking		Hamish Hamilton, London	Letters, criticism and fiction	Edited by Dorothy Gardiner and Kathrine Sorley Walker
Chandler before Marlowe: Raymond Chandler's Early Prose and Poetry, 1908–1912	1973	University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC	Prose and poetry	Edited by Matthew J. Bruccoli
	1976	Ecco Press, New York, NY	Prose and story	Edited by Frank MacShane
Raymond Chandler and James M. Fox: Letters	1979	Privately printed	Letters
Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler	1981	Columbia University Press, New York, NY	Letters	Edited by Frank MacShane
Raymond Chandler's Philip Marlowe: A Centennial Celebration	1990	Perigee Books, New York, NY	Stories	Contains 23 Philip Marlowe stories by various writers; also contains Chandler's "The Pencil"
Raymond Chandler: Stories and Early Novels		Library of America, New York, NY	Prose	Edited by Frank MacShane
Raymond Chandler: Later Novels and Other Writings		Library of America, New York, NY	Prose	Edited by Frank MacShane
	2000	Hamish Hamilton, London	Letters and essays	Edited by Tom Hiney and Frank MacShane
	1917 / discovered 2014	unpublished, Los Angeles	comic operetta libretto	Words by Raymond Chandler, Music by Julian Pascal

References and sources

Sources

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