Pycnanthemum
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Pycnanthemum is a genus of herbaceous plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae). Species in this genus are often referred to as "mountain mints" and they often have a minty or thyme-like aroma when crushed. All species of Pycnanthemum are native to the United States and Canada.[1][2][3] The center of diversity for the genus is North Carolina with 13 of the 20 species having been collected therein. Nineteen of the 20 species of Pycnanthemum occur in the Eastern US and Canada, and one disjunct species (P. californicum) occurs in California and Oregon.
Pycnanthemum is derived from Greek. The Greek word "pyknos" has the meaning of "dense", "tight", or "close-packed".[4][5] It was combined with "anthos" meaning flower to give the genus name.[6]
Pycnanthemum belongs to the true mint subtribe (Menthinae),[7] and it has been shown to be closely related to the Monarda, Blephilia, and the scrub mints of the Southeastern United States.[8] Relationships within the genus remain unresolved. A complicated history of polyploidization paired with cryptic morphologies makes this a challenging group for systematists.[9]
Species
- Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & A.GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – white-leaved mountainmint – south-central US
- Pycnanthemum beadlei (Small) FernaldScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, eastern Tennessee, northern Georgia
- Pycnanthemum californicum Torr. ex Durand – Sierra mint – California
- Pycnanthemum clinopodioides Torr. & A.Gray – mid-Atlantic States, Tennessee, Indiana
- Pycnanthemum curvipes (Greene) E.Grant & EplingScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – southeastern US
- Pycnanthemum flexuosum (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – southeastern US
- Pycnanthemum floridanum E.Grant & EplingScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Florida mountainmint – Florida, southern Georgia
- Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – hoary mountainmint, hoary basil, wild basil – Ontario, most of US east of the Mississippi River
- Pycnanthemum loomisii Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Loomis' mountainmint – southeastern US, Ohio Valley
- †Pycnanthemum monotrichum Fernald – Virginia but extinct
- Pycnanthemum montanum Michx.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – southern Appalachians
- Pycnanthemum muticum (Michx.) Pers.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – short-toothed mountainmint – much of eastern US from east Texas to southern Maine
- Pycnanthemum nudum Nutt. – Coastal Plain mountainmint – southeastern US
- Pycnanthemum pilosum Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". ( = P. verticillatum var. pilosum) – hairy mountainmint, whorled mountainmint
- Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides (Leavenw.) FernaldScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – southern mountainmint – southeastern US, Ohio Valley
- Pycnanthemum setosum Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – awned mountainmint – southeastern + mid-Atlantic US
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – little-leaved mountainmint, slender-leaved mountainmint (= P. flexuosum auct. non WalterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – Quebec, Ontario, eastern + central US
- Pycnanthemum torreyi Benth.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Torrey's mountainmint – eastern + east-central US
- Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – whorled mountainmint – Quebec, Ontario, eastern + central US
- Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T.Durand & B.D.Jacks. ex B.L.Rob.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Virginia mountainmint – Quebec, Ontario, eastern + central US
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Pycnanthemum tenuifolium with ripening seed
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A wasp on blooming Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum)
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Footnotes
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- ↑ Template:WCSP
- ↑ Template:BONAP
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References
- <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (2007): Germplasm Resources Information Network – Pycnanthemum. Version of 2007-OCT-05. Retrieved 2011-FEB-18.
External links
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- Barbara Pleasant. The Herb Companion: Herb-To-Know: Mountain Mint.
- Jeffrey S. Pippen Duke University. North Carolina Wildflowers, Shrubs, & Trees: Pycnanthemum.
- Henriette's Herbal Homepage: Pycnanthemum.
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