Prime Minister of Croatia

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox official post

Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists The prime minister of Croatia, officially the president of the government of the Republic of Croatia (Template:Langx), is Croatia's head of government, and is de facto the most powerful and influential state officeholder in the Croatian system of government. Following the first-time establishment of the office in 1945, the 1990–2000 semi-presidential period is the only exception where the president of Croatia held de facto executive authority. In the formal Croatian order of precedence, however, the position of prime minister is the third highest state office, after the president of the Republic and the speaker of the Parliament.

The Constitution of Croatia prescribes that "Parliament supervises the Government" (Article 81) and that "the President of the Republic ensures the regular and balanced functioning and stability of government" (as a whole; Article 94), while the Government is introduced in Article 108.[1] Since 2000, the prime minister has had various added constitutional powers and is mentioned before the Government itself in the text of the Constitution, in Articles 87, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104.[1] The current prime minister of Croatia is Andrej Plenković. The Government of Croatia meets in Banski dvori, a historical building located on the west side of St. Mark's Square in Zagreb.

Name

The official name of the office, literally translated, is "President of the Government" (Predsjednik / Predsjednica Vlade), rather than a literal translation of "Prime Minister" (Prvi Ministar). In Croatian, the shorter term Script error: No such module "Lang". (Premier) is commonly used as well.

History

Background

The Royal Government of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (1868–1918) was headed by the Ban of Croatia (Viceroy), who represented the King.

The first head of government of Croatia as a constituent republic of Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was Vladimir Bakarić, who assumed the position on 14 April 1945. The position was then the most powerful public office in the state in addition to the position of the Secretary of the League of Communists of Croatia, as a single-party system was in place. The head of government was renamed to the President of the Executive Council in 1952. Notably, Savka Dabčević-Kučar was the first woman (not only in Croatia, but in Europe) to hold an office equivalent to a head of government as Chairman of the Executive Council of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (1967–1969).

Transition to independence

After the constitutional amendments that allowed for multi-party elections in Croatia in 1990, the country was still a constituent republic of SFR Yugoslavia, the position of the President of the Executive Council of the Socialist Republic of Croatia was filled by Stjepan Mesić on 30 May 1990 (the 14th Executive Council).

The newly-elected Croatian Parliament enacted numerous amendments to the constitution on 25 July 1990. It eliminated socialist references and adopted new national symbols, while the Government of the Republic of Croatia was formally instituted by Amendment LXXIII.[2]

The Constitution of Croatia was subsequently also changed significantly on 22 December 1990, as the so-called "Christmas Constitution" fundamentally defined the Republic of Croatia and its governmental structure. From this point onwards, Croatia was a semi-presidential republic, which meant the president of Croatia had broad executive powers (further expanded with laws to a point of superpresidentialism), including the appointment and dismissal of the prime minister and other officials in the government.

Following the May 1991 independence referendum in which 93% of voters approved secession, Croatia formally proclaimed independence from Yugoslavia on 25 June 1991, with Josip Manolić continuing in the role of prime minister as head of government of an independent Croatia. However, the country then signed the July 1991 Brijuni Agreement in which it agreed to postpone further activities towards severing ties with Yugoslavia. Meanwhile, the Croatian War of Independence ensued, and Franjo Gregurić was appointed to lead a Government of National Unity. In October the same year, Croatia formally severed all remaining legal ties with the Yugoslav Federation.

Since independence

During the period between 1990 and the next constitutional amendments in late 2000, Croatia had seven prime ministers.[3][4]

Following the January 2000 general election the winning centre-left coalition led by the Social Democratic Party amended the Constitution and effectively stripped the President of most of his executive powers, strengthening the role of the Parliament and the prime minister, turning Croatia into a parliamentary republic. The prime minister again (as before 1990) became the foremost post in Croatian politics.

Template:As of there have been twelve Prime Ministers who have chaired 14 governments since the first multi-party elections. Nine prime ministers were members of the Croatian Democratic Union during their terms of office, two were members of the Social Democratic Party and one was not a member of any political party. Since independence there has been one female prime minister (Jadranka Kosor).

List of prime ministers

No. Portrait Name
(BirthTemplate:NdashDeath)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Election Term of office Party Cabinet Composition President
(Term)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Term start Term end Duration
Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />1 File:Mesic cropped.jpg Stjepan Mesić
(1934Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1990 30 May 1990 24 August 1990 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Mesić HDZ Franjo
Tuđman
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(1990Template:Ndash1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />2 File:Dan OSRH Josip Manolic 28052011 2.jpg Josip Manolić
(1920Template:Ndash2024)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Template:Mdash 24 August 1990[1] 25 June 1991 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Manolić HDZ

Croatia formally declared itself independent on 25 June 1991. After the declaration of independence, the position continued to be named the Prime Minister of the Republic of Croatia.

No. Portrait Name
(BirthTemplate:NdashDeath)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Election Term of office Party Cabinet Composition President
(Term)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Term start Term end Duration
Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />2 File:Dan OSRH Josip Manolic 28052011 2.jpg Josip Manolić
(1920Template:Ndash2024)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Template:Mdash 25 June 1991 17 July 1991 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Manolić HDZ Franjo
Tuđman
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(1990Template:Ndash1999)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />3 File:Cvjetni trg simul 20160601 DSC 5221 (cropped).jpg Franjo Gregurić
(1939Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Template:Mdash 17 July 1991[2] 12 August 1992 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Gregurić HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•SDP
  2. REDIRECT Template:•HSLS
  3. REDIRECT Template:•HNS
  4. REDIRECT Template:•HKDS
  5. REDIRECT Template:•HDS
  6. REDIRECT Template:•SDSH
  7. REDIRECT Template:•SSHScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />4 File:Hrvoje Šarinić.jpg Hrvoje Šarinić
(1935Template:Ndash2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1992 12 August 1992[3] 3 April 1993 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Šarinić HDZ
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />5 File:Dan OSRH Nikica Valentic 28052011 2.jpg Nikica Valentić
(1950Template:Ndash2023)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Template:Mdash 3 April 1993[4] 7 November 1995 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Valentić From 3 April 1993 to 31 December 1994:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HSSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
From 31 December 1994 to 7 November 1995:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
HDZScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />6 File:Zlatko Mateša.jpg Zlatko Mateša
(1949Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1995 7 November 1995[5] 27 January 2000 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Mateša HDZ
Stjepan
Mesić
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(2000Template:Ndash2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />7 File:Ivica Račan.jpg Ivica Račan
(1944Template:Ndash2007)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2000 27 January 2000[6] 23 December 2003 Template:Age in years and days SDP
Social Democratic PartyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Račan I SDP
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HSLS
  2. REDIRECT Template:•HNS
  3. REDIRECT Template:•HSS
  4. REDIRECT Template:•IDS
  5. REDIRECT Template:•LSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Račan II SDP
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HSS
  2. REDIRECT Template:•HNS
  3. REDIRECT Template:•Libra
  4. REDIRECT Template:•LSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />8 File:Sanader cropped.jpg Ivo Sanader
(1953Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2003 23 December 2003 6 July 2009 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Sanader I HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•DCScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2007 Sanader II HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HSLS
  2. REDIRECT Template:•HSS
  3. REDIRECT Template:•SDSSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />9 File:Jadranka Kosor 26052011 crop.jpg Jadranka Kosor
(1953Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Template:Mdash 6 July 2009 23 December 2011 Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Kosor HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HSLS
  2. REDIRECT Template:•HSS
  3. REDIRECT Template:•SDSSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Ivo
Josipović
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(2010Template:Ndash2015)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="2" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />10 File:16 obljetnica vojnoredarstvene operacije Oluja 04082011 Zoran Milanovic 38.jpg Zoran Milanović
(1966Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2011 23 December 2011 22 January 2016 Template:Age in years and days SDP
Social Democratic PartyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Milanović SDP
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HNS
  2. REDIRECT Template:•IDSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Kolinda
Grabar
Kitarović
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(2015Template:Ndash2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Party color cell 11 File:TihomirOreskovic.jpg Tihomir Orešković
(1966Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2015 22 January 2016 19 October 2016 Template:Age in years and days Independent Orešković HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•MOSTScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan="5" Template:Party color cell <templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />12 File:Andrej Plenković 2024.jpg Andrej Plenković
(1970Template:Ndash)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2016 19 October 2016 Incumbent Template:Age in years and days HDZ
Croatian Democratic UnionScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Plenković I From 19 October 2016 to 28 April 2017:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•MOSTScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
From 28 April to 9 June 2017:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
HDZ
From 9 June 2017 to 23 July 2020:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•HNSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
 Zoran
Milanović
File:Flag of the President of Croatia.svg
(2020Template:Ndashpresent)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2020 Plenković II HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•SDSSScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2024 Plenković III HDZ
  1. REDIRECT Template:•DPScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Notes

Template:Refbegin

1.<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>^ From 1990 until the constitutional changes enacted in 2000, which replaced a powerful semi-presidential system (de facto a superpresidential system) with an incomplete parliamentary system, the term of the Prime Minister legally began on the date on which he was appointed by the President of the Republic and not on the date when he received a vote of confidence in Parliament, as is the case since 2000.
2.<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>^ Until 12 October 2010.

Template:Refend

Timeline

This is a graphical lifespan timeline of prime ministers of Croatia. They are listed in order of office.

<timeline> Define $width = 1000 # 4 pixels per year ($end - $start) × 4 Define $warning = 880 # $width - 120 Define $height = 400 # 12 × 25 + 150 Define $footnote = 800 # $width - 400

Define $start = 1918 # Just before eldest (Manolić) was born Define $end = 2025 Define $now = 2025

ImageSize = width:$width height:$height PlotArea = right:10 left:1 bottom:80 top:60 Period = from:$start till:$end TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:1

Colors = 

    id:bg                value:white
    id:lightline         value:rgb(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)
    id:lighttext         value:rgb(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
    id:LIFESPAN          value:rgb(0.88, 0.90, 0.70) Legend: Lifespan
    id:PM_IND            value:rgb(0.8, 0.8, 0.8) Legend: Independent
    id:PM_HDZ            value:rgb(0, 0.36, 0.67) Legend: HDZ
    id:PM_SDP            value:rgb(0.93, 0.11, 0.14) Legend: SDP
    id:NAME              value:rgb(0.15, 0.13, 0.05)
    id:TODAY             value:green

BackgroundColors = canvas:bg ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightline unit:year increment:1 start:$start ScaleMajor = gridcolor:lighttext unit:year increment:10 start:1920

Define $dy = -5 # shift text to button side of bar

LineData= 

  at:$now color:TODAY width:0.1

PlotData= 

 bar:1 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1934 till:1990 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Stjepan Mesić
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1990 till:1990.4
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:1990.4 till:$now

 bar:2 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1920 till:1990.4 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Josip Manolić
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1990.4 till:1991
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:1991 till:2024

 bar:3 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1939 till:1991 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Franjo Gregurić
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1991 till:1992
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:1992 till:$now

 bar:4 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1935 till:1992 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Hrvoje Šarinić
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1992 till:1993
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:1993 till:2017

 bar:5 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1950 till:1993 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Nikica Valentić
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1993 till:1995
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:1995 till:2023

 bar:6 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1949 till:1995 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Zlatko Mateša
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:1995 till:2000
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2000 till:$now

 bar:7 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1944 till:2000 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Ivica Račan
   color:PM_SDP
   from:2000 till:2003
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2003 till:2007

 bar:8 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1953 till:2003 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Ivo Sanader
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:2003 till:2009
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2009 till:$now

 bar:9 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1953 till:2009 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Jadranka Kosor
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:2009 till:2011
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2011 till:$now

 bar:10 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1966 till:2011 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Zoran Milanović
   color:PM_SDP
   from:2011 till:2016
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2016 till:$now

 bar:11 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1966 till:2016 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Tihomir Orešković
   color:PM_IND
   from:2016 till:2016.4
   color:LIFESPAN
   from:2016.4 till:$now

 bar:12 width:18
   color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
   from:1970 till:2016.4 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME text:Andrej Plenković
   color:PM_HDZ
   from:2016.4 till:$now

TextData = 

 fontsize:M
 textcolor:green
 pos:($warning,30)
 text:Updated 12/2025

TextData = 

  pos:(250,$height)
  fontsize:L
  textcolor:black
  text:"Lifespan and terms of office of each Croatian Prime Minister"
</timeline>

Spouses of prime ministers

Name Relation to Prime Minister
Milka Mesić (née Dudunić) wife of Prime Minister Stjepan Mesić
Marija Eker Manolić wife of Prime Minister Josip Manolić
Jozefina Gregurić (née Abramović) wife of Prime Minister Franjo Gregurić
Erika Šarinić wife of Prime Minister Hrvoje Šarinić
Antonela Valentić wife of Prime Minister Nikica Valentić
Sanja Gregurić-Mateša wife of Prime Minister Zlatko Mateša
Dijana Pleština wife of Prime Minister Ivica Račan
Mirjana Sanader (née Šarić) wife of Prime Minister Ivo Sanader
Jadranka Kosor divorced before becoming prime minister
Sanja Musić Milanović wife of Prime Minister Zoran Milanović
Sanja Dujmović Orešković wife of Prime Minister Tihomir Orešković
Ana Maslać Plenković wife of Prime Minister Andrej Plenković

See also

References

Template:Reflist

Template:Croatia topics Template:Croatian Prime Minister Template:Europe heads of state and government Template:European Council Template:Prime Minister

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