Politics of Apulia
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The politics of Apulia, Italy take place in the framework of a semi-presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of the Region is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Legislative power is vested in the Regional Council of Apulia, while executive power is exercised by the Regional Government led by the President, who is directly elected by the people. The current Statute, which regulates the functioning of the regional institutions, has been in force since 2004.
Prior to the rise of Fascism, most of the deputies elected in Apulia were part of the liberal establishment (see Historical Right, Historical Left and Liberals), which governed Italy for decades. At the 1924 general election, which opened the way to the Fascist authoritarian rule, Apulia was one of the regions where the National Fascist Party (PNF) obtained more than 50% of the vote.[1]
After World War II, Apulia became a stronghold of the Christian Democracy (DC), which was especially strong in rural areas. The region is now considered a stronghold of the "centre-left coalition" led by the Democratic Party (PD), having been governed by such alliance since 2005.
Between 2005 and 2015 the region was headed by Nichi Vendola, the first openly LGBT heads of a regional government in Italy.
Legislative branch
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The Regional Council of Apulia (Consiglio Regionale della Puglia) is composed of 51 members, 50 councillors and the President. 23 councillors are elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 27 councillors (elected in a general ticket) come from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat is reserved for the candidate who comes second.
The Council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the simul stabunt, simul cadent clause introduced in 1999 (literally they will stand together or they will fall together), also the Council is dissolved and a snap election is called.[2]
2020–2025 composition
| Party | Seats | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | Democratic Party | Template:Composition bar | In government |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | Brothers of Italy | Template:Composition bar | In opposition |
| With Emiliano | Template:Composition bar | In government | |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | Five Star Movement | Template:Composition bar | In government |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | Forza Italia | Template:Composition bar | In opposition |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | League | Template:Composition bar | In opposition |
| For Apulia | Template:Composition bar | In government | |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | Action | Template:Composition bar | In opposition |
| Populars with Emiliano | Template:Composition bar | In government | |
| Apulia Tomorrow | Template:Composition bar | In opposition | |
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"" | | Mixed group[3] | Template:Composition bar | Template:NA |
Executive branch
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Current composition
The current Regional Government was sworn in on 24 November 2020.
| Party | Members | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| style="background:Template:Party color;"| | Democratic Party | PD | President and 3 ministers |
| With Emiliano | CE | 2 ministers | |
| Populars with Emiliano | PcE | 1 minister | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;"| | Italian Left | SI | 1 minister |
| style="background:Template:Party color;"| | Five Star Movement | M5S | 1 minister |
| style="background:Template:Party color;"| | Independent | Ind | 1 minister |
| Minister | Party | Delegate for | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Raffaele Piemontese (vice president) |
style="background:Template:Party color;"| | PD | Finance and budget, infrastructures |
| Anna Maurodinoia | style="background:Template:Party color;"| | PD | Transports and sustainable mobility |
| Donato Pentassuglia | style="background:Template:Party color;"| | PD | Agriculture, food processing, hunt and fishing, woods |
| Alessandro Delli Noci | CE | Economic development | |
| Gianfranco Lopane | CE | Tourism | |
| Rocco Palese | style="background:Template:Party color;"| | Ind | Healthcare |
| Anna Grazia Maraschino | style="background:Template:Party color;"| | SI | Environment, circular economy, housing |
| Sebastiano Leo | PcE | Education and labour, universities | |
| Rosa Barone | style="background:Template:Party color;"| | M5S | Welfare and social policies |
List of presidents
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The current President of Apulia is Michele Emiliano, who is serving his second term after winning the 2020 regional election.
Presidents elected by the Regional Council (1970–1995)
| N. | Name | Term of office | Political party | Legislature | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |1 | Gennaro Trisorio Liuzzi | 8 June 1970 | 16 June 1975 | DC | I (1970) |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |2 | Nicola Rotolo | 16 June 1975 | 23 December 1978 | DC | II (1975) |
| rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color;" |3 | Nicola Quarta | 23 December 1978 | 9 June 1980 | DC | |
| 9 June 1980 | 4 July 1983 | III (1980) | |||
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |4 | Angelo Monfredi | 4 July 1983 | 23 September 1983 | DC | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |(1) | Gennaro Trisorio Liuzzi | 23 September 1983 | 13 May 1985 | DC | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |5 | Salvatore Fitto | 13 May 1985 | 29 August 1988[5] | DC | IV (1985) |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />6 | Franco Borgia | 29 August 1988 | 23 November 1988 | PSI | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |7 | Giuseppe Colasanto | 23 November 1988 | 6 May 1990 | DC | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |8 | Michele Bellomo | 6 May 1990 | 23 October 1992 | DC | V (1990) |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |<templatestyles src="Template:Color/styles.css" />9 | Cosimo Convertino | 23 October 1992 | 4 December 1992 | PSI | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |10 | Giovanni Copertino | 4 December 1992 | 3 September 1993 | DC | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |11 | Vito Savino | 3 September 1993 | 1 March 1994 | DC | |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" |12 | Giuseppe Martellotta | 1 March 1994 | 27 June 1995 | PPI | |
Directly-elected presidents (since 1995)
| N. | Portrait | President | Term of office | Tenure (Years and days)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Party | Composition | Legislature | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | File:Coat of Arms of Apulia.svg | Salvatore Distaso (1937–2008)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
27 June 1995 |
19 May 2000 |
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| 14 | File:Raffaele Fitto 2006.jpg | Raffaele Fitto (b. 1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
19 May 2000 |
27 April 2005 |
Template:Age in years and daysScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | bgcolor="Template:Party color" | | FI | FI–AN–CDC–CDUScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | VII (2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| 15 | File:Nicola Vendola daticamera.jpg | Nichi Vendola (b. 1958)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
27 April 2005 |
26 April 2010 |
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VIII (2005)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| 26 April 2010 |
26 June 2015 |
PD–SEL–IdVScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | IX (2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | ||||||
| 16 | File:Michele Emiliano crop.jpg | Michele Emiliano (b. 1959)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
26 June 2015 |
24 November 2020 |
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| 24 November 2020 |
Incumbent | PD–CE–PcE–M5S[6]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | XI (2020)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | ||||||
Local government
Provinces and Metropolitan City
Apulia is divided into five provinces and one metropolitan city.
After the 2014 reform of local authorities the Province of Bari was replaced by the new Metropolitan City of Bari. Since 2014 the president of the province is no more elected directly by citizens, but is chosen by mayors and councilors of the municipalities of the province.
| Province / Metropolitan City | Inhabitants | President | Party | Election | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metropolitan City of Bari | 1,261,954 | Antonio Decaro (metropolitan mayor) |
Democratic Party | 2019 | |
| Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani | 384,293 | Bernardo Lodispoto | Independent (Democratic Party) | 2023 | |
| Province of Brindisi | 401,652 | Toni Matarelli | Independent (Democratic Party) | 2022 | |
| Province of Foggia | 627,102 | Giuseppe Nobiletti | Independent (Democratic Party) | 2023 | |
| Province of Lecce | 802,807 | Stefano Minerva | Democratic Party | 2022 | |
| Province of Taranto | 581,092 | Rinaldo Melucci | Democratic Party | 2022 | |
Municipalities
Apulia is also divided into 258 comuni (municipalities), which have even more history, having been established in the Middle Ages when they were the main places of government. There are eight provincial capital cities in Apulia, as the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani is the only province in Italy with three capital cities.
There are 258 communes in Apulia (as of January 2019):
- 41 in the Metropolitan City of Bari
- 10 in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani
- 20 in the Province of Brindisi
- 61 in the Province of Foggia
- 97 in the Province of Lecce
- 29 in the Province of Taranto
Provincial capitals
| Municipality | Inhabitants | Mayor | Party | Election | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andria | 100,357 | Giovanna Bruno | Democratic Party | 2020 | |
| Bari | 311,997 | Antonio Decaro | Democratic Party | 2019 | |
| Barletta | 94,664 | Cosimo Cannito | Independent | 2022 | |
| Brindisi | 88,482 | Giuseppe Marchionna | Independent | 2023 | |
| Foggia | 152,700 | Maria Aida Episcopo | Independent | 2023 | |
| Lecce | 89,902 | Carlo Salvemini | Independent | 2019 | |
| Taranto | 198,083 | Rinaldo Melucci | Democratic Party | 2022 | |
| Trani | 55,808 | Amedeo Bottaro | Democratic Party | 2020 | |
Other municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants
| Municipality | Inhabitants | Mayor | Party | Election | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altamura | 70,789 | Vitantonio Petronella | Independent | 2023 | |
| Molfetta | 60,272 | Tommaso Minervini | Democratic Party | 2022 | |
| Cerignola | 57,007 | Francesco Bonito | Democratic Party | 2021 | |
| Manfredonia | 56,318 | Giovanni Rotice | Forza Italia | 2021 | |
| Bitonto | 56,304 | Francesco Paolo Ricci | Democratic Party | 2022 | |
| San Severo | 55,297 | Francesco Miglio | Democratic Party | 2019 | |
| Bisceglie | 54,847 | Angelantonio Angarano | Independent | 2023 | |
Parties and elections
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Latest regional election
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In the latest regional election, which took place on 20–21 September 2020, Michele Emiliano of the Democratic Party was re-elected President with 46.8% of the vote. 2020 Apulian regional election
References
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- ↑ Piergiorgio Corbetta; Maria Serena Piretti, Atlante storico-elettorale d'Italia, Zanichelli, Bologna 2009
- ↑ La Repubblica – Regional electoral law
- ↑ In support of the government: Antonio Tutolo (Independent). In the opposition: Stellato Massimiliano (Italia Viva).
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Died in office.
- ↑ Since 2021.
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External links
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