Operation Buster–Jangle

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox nuclear weapons test Template:GeoGroup

File:Exercise Desert Rock I (Buster-Jangle Dog) 002.jpg
Exercise Desert Rock I during the Buster Dog test.

Operation Buster–Jangle was a series of seven (six atmospheric, one cratering) nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States in late 1951 at the Nevada Test Site. Buster–Jangle was the first joint test program between the DOD (Operation Buster) and Los Alamos National Laboratories (Operation Jangle). As part of Operation Buster, 6,500 troops were involved in the Operation Desert Rock I, II, and III exercises in conjunction with the tests.[1] The last two tests, Operation Jangle, evaluated the cratering effects of low-yield nuclear devices. This series preceded Operation Tumbler–Snapper and followed Operation Greenhouse.

US ground forces involvement

Four U.S. Army units took part in the Operation Buster–Jangle "Dog" test for combat maneuvers after the detonation of a nuclear weapon took place. These units consisted of:

  1. 1st Battalion 188th Airborne Infantry Regiment 11th Airborne Division
  2. 3rd Medical Platoon 188th Airborne Medical Company
  3. Platoon Company A 127th Engineer Battalion
  4. Battery C 546th Field Artillery Battalion

Personnel were instructed to create foxholes and construct gun emplacements and bunkers in a defensive position 11 km south of the detonation area. After the nuclear bomb was detonated, the troops were ordered to move forward towards the affected area. While traveling closer to ground zero, troops witnessed the nuclear weapon's effects on the fortifications that were placed in the location in preparation for the tests. The ground troops got as close as 900 meters from ground zero before they were instructed to move out of the area. The Human Resources Research Office was tasked with gathering data on the psychological experiences of the troops after witnessing such a detonation and moving closer towards the affected area.[1]

Radiation protection standards

For the Operation Buster–Jangle series of tests, the Atomic Energy Commission created a set of criteria that must be followed if exposing armed forces, or civilians to the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.

  • Orientation and proper radiological training
  • Dispersion of dosimeters amongst personnel
  • Utilization of radiological protective equipment and clothing
  • Active monitoring of radiological levels
  • Briefing of personnel taking part in the exercise
  • Decontamination of radioactive debris

A majority of the personnel that took part in the exercise received around 3 R, with pilots receiving an average of 3.9 R. These estimates vary given the differing data provided by the Department of Defense over the years.[1]Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

United States' Buster–Jangle series tests and detonations
Name [note 1] Date time (UT) Local time zone[note 2][2] Location[note 3] Elevation + height [note 4] Delivery,[note 5]
Purpose [note 6] 		Device[note 7] Yield[note 8] Fallout[note 9] References Notes
AbleScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 14:00:00.0 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 7 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert tower,
weapons development 		Mk-6 "Puny Plutonium" Template:Sort [3][4][5][6][7] Minimum mass design, fizzle (yield "less than a pound"); yet it yielded a lower bound on viable plutonium mass. October 19 attempt failed due to control wiring problem.
BakerScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 15:20:08.9 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 7 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert free air drop,
weapons development 		Mk-4 "LT" Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8] No uranium tamper.
CharlieScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 15:00:29.8 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 7 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert free air drop,
weapons development 		Mk-4 "PC" Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8]
DogScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 15:30:01.6 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 7 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert free air drop,
weapons development 		Mk-4 "NF" Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8] Desert Rock I, no fallout (air burst). Troops trucked into defensive emplacements from Template:Convert observation point, held maneuvers.
EasyScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 16:29:58.2 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 7 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert free air drop,
weapons development 		TX-7E Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8] First test of a tactical nuclear weapon. Air dropped from a B-45 Tornado.
SugarScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 16:59:59.7 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 9 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert + Template:Convert dry surface,
weapon effect 		Mk-6 "Johnny" Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8][9] "Surface" shot. Only true surface shot in CONUS history along with Little Feller I & II Desert Rock II; maneuvers conducted at a distance due to dirtiness.
UncleScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Dts 19:59:59.7 PST (−8 hrs) NTS Area 10 Template:Coord Template:SortTemplate:Convert - Template:Convert cratering,
weapon effect 		Mk-6 "Frankie" Template:Sort I-131 venting detected, Template:Convert [3][4][5][6][8] Cratering shot, meant to simulate 23 kt ground penetrating weapon. Desert Rock III, observed at Template:Convert, kept distance in maneuvers. 5000 R/Hr near GZ one hour after shot.

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Gallery

References

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External links

Template:US Nuclear Tests

  1. ↑ a b c Operation Buster–Jangle Fact Sheet Template:Webarchive, Defense Threat Reduction Agency
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_150
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_148
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_6
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_1
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_24
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named LT_44


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